Scribd
Upload
83 views12 pages

MECH3780 Fluid Mechanics 2 and CFD: Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Lecture 6 - Evaluation of Numerical Solutions

This document discusses the evaluation of numerical solutions in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). There are three main criteria for evaluation: 1) Converged solution - The residuals must be very small (e.g. 1x10-6) to ensure convergence. 2) Grid/time step independence - Grid independence studies are needed to eliminate errors from grid coarseness. 3) Validation - Results must be confirmed as correct by comparing to experimental data or other validated sources. Grid independence, validation studies are essential for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of CFD numerical solutions.

Uploaded by

ninibear
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
83 views12 pages

MECH3780 Fluid Mechanics 2 and CFD: Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Lecture 6 - Evaluation of Numerical Solutions

This document discusses the evaluation of numerical solutions in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). There are three main criteria for evaluation: 1) Converged solution - The residuals must be very small (e.g. 1x10-6) to ensure convergence. 2) Grid/time step independence - Grid independence studies are needed to eliminate errors from grid coarseness. 3) Validation - Results must be confirmed as correct by comparing to experimental data or other validated sources. Grid independence, validation studies are essential for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of CFD numerical solutions.

Uploaded by

ninibear
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

MECH3780

Fluid Mechanics 2 and CFD

Computation Fluid Dynamics


(CFD)
Lecture 6 - Evaluation of
Numerical Solutions
Reference: CFD Lecture Notes by Assoc Prof Dr Kamarul Arifin Ahmad
Objectives

• To give overview about the Evaluation of


Numerical Solutions in CFD
Main Criteria of Evaluation

Converged Solution
The residuals must be very small (1x 10-6)

Grid/Time Step Independent


To eliminate errors due to the grid coarseness

Validation
To confirm that the results are correct
Converged Solution

The residuals are measures of the overall


conservation of the flow properties.
Progress towards a converged solution:
• Relaxation factors
• Discretization method
• Solver setting
Converged Solution
Converged Solution?
Grid/Time Step Independent

• There is no formal way of estimating the


errors due to the inadequate grid
• Good initial grid design relies on an insight of
the expected properties of flow
• The only way to eliminate errors due to the
grid is via Grid Independence Study
Grid/Time Step Independent
Mesh I Mesh II Mesh III Mesh IV

Total no of nodes 18003 26783 28983 35743

Grid size 14724 22614 24714 30504

Wall-clock time 6 hours 11 hours 13 hours 17 hours

(360 mins) (660 mins) (780 mins) (1020 mins)


1.2 0.08
Mesh I
1.0 Mesh II
0.07 Mesh III
Mesh IV
0.8

Drag Coefficient, CD
Lift Coefficient, CL

0.06
0.6

0.4 0.05

0.2
0.04

0.0 Mesh I
Mesh II 0.03
-0.2 Mesh III
Mesh IV

-0.4 0.02
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Angle of attack (degree) Angle of attack (degree)


Grid/Time Step Independent
Validation

Quantitatively
1.5

1.0
Lift Coefficient, CL

0.5

0.0

-0.5
(Abbott et al.,1945)
CFD U =71.89 m/s

-1.0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20

Angle of attack (degree)


Validation

Qualitatively

You might also like