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Problem Set 4a

This document contains 20 problems related to buoyancy, flotation, and calculating unknown properties of objects floating or submerged in liquids using principles of buoyancy, density, and weight relationships. The problems involve calculating lengths, weights, volumes, densities, tensions, and other values needed to determine how objects interact with liquids based on given information and physical constraints.

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JORGIE CARAIG
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224 views4 pages

Problem Set 4a

This document contains 20 problems related to buoyancy, flotation, and calculating unknown properties of objects floating or submerged in liquids using principles of buoyancy, density, and weight relationships. The problems involve calculating lengths, weights, volumes, densities, tensions, and other values needed to determine how objects interact with liquids based on given information and physical constraints.

Uploaded by

JORGIE CARAIG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Student Number: _____________________________

CENG 197 – CE Competency Appraisal II


Problem Set 4a

Buoyancy and Flotation


1. A 5 + × 12 + ×6− long wooden plank is required to stand vertically in the water with
tis top 15 above the water surface. This is attained by attaching 1 thick steel plates to each wider side
of the plank at the submerged bottom. Compute the exact length of steel plates needed. The weight of wood
is 502 + 2 / and water density is 1 002 / . Weight of steel is 7 870 / .
2. A block of wood floats in water with 20 + projecting above the water surface. The same block when
placed in oil ( = 0.80) floats with 15 − projecting above the oil surface. Find the specific gravity of
the block.
3. A vertical cylindrical tank open at the top tank open at the top is used as a buoy. The cylinder has a diameter
of 1.10 + , a height of 2.40 , and a weight of 3 825 + 3 . Determine the following: (a) the weight of
an object ( = 110 / ) must be attached to the bottom of the tank so that the tank is submerged by
1.90 in fresh water; (b) the weight of an object ( = 110 / ) must be placed inside the tank so that
the tank is submerged by 1.90 in fresh water; (c) the weight of an object ( = 110 / ) must be placed
inside the tank so that the top tank is flushed with the water surface.
4. A stone weigh 468 + 2 in air. When submerged in water it weighs 298 + . Determine the following:
(a) Volume of the stone; (b) Unit weight of the stone; (c) Specific gravity of the stone.
5. A piece of metal weighs 350 + 2 in air and 240 + in water. Determine the following: (a) Volume of
the metal (b) Unit weight of the metal (c) Specific gravity of the metal.
6. A cylindrical tank 1 in diameter and 3 + tall is open at the top. Determine the following:
(a) If the tank floats in water with a draft of 2.30 + , what is the weight of the tank?
(b) The weight of the lead ( = 110 / ) that must be fastened to the outside bottom of the tank to
make the top of the tank flushed with the water surface
(c) The weight of the lead ( = 110 / ) that must be placed inside the tank to make the top of the
tank flushed with the water surface
7. A cylindrical tank 1 in a diameter and 3 + tall weighs 3.50 + . Determine the following:
(a) The weight of the lead ( = 110 / ) that must be placed inside the tank to make the tank float
vertically with 2.50 + submerged in water
(b) The weight of the lead ( = 110 / ) that must be fastened to the outside bottom of the tank to
make the tank float vertically with 2.50 + submerged in water
(c) The weight of the lead ( = 110 / ) that must be placed inside the tank to make the tank flushed
with the water surface
8. An object having a specific gravity of 0.60 floats in a liquid having specific gravity of 0.80. Determine the
following: (a) percentage of the volume below the liquid surface to the total volume of the body (b) If the
volume above the liquid surface is 0.024 + , what is the weight of the object? (c) The load that will
cause the object to be fully submerged
9. An object has a weight of 500 + 2 in air. When the object is completely submerged in a liquid having . . =
0.86, it weighs 450 + 2 . Determine the following: (a) Volume of the object; (b) Unit weight of the object;
(c) Specific gravity of the object.
10. Two spheres 1.20 + in diameter are connected by means of a short rope. One weighs 4 + and the
other weighs 12 + . When placed in water, compute the following: (a) Tension in the rope; (b) Depth of
flotation of the 4 + sphere; (c) Volume of the 4 + sphere exposed above the water surface.
11. A wooden beam floating in water is pivoted along a hedge as shown. The beam, of unitary length, is in
equilibrium in the geometric configuration shown. Calculate the relative specific weight of the wood
neglecting friction at the pivot. Assume = 9.80 ; = 1.00 + , = 0.50 + .
12. The sphere in the figure is in equilibrium at the interface between two liquids of specific weight =7+
/ and =9+ / , respectively. The interface passes through the centroid of the sphere.
Calculate the specific weight of the material of the sphere.

13. A cylinder with a circular cross-section is pivoted and is in equilibrium in water with a sphere of lead with a
mass of = 2 + hanging at the free end. Determine the following: (a) Specific weight of the cylinder
material; (b) Reaction of the pivot.

14. The wooden tree trunk is immersed in water and is anchored to the bottom with a cable. Determine the
following: (a) Tensile force in the cable; (b) Specific weight of wood.

15. The hot-air balloon contains air having a temperature of 80℃, while the surrounding air has a temperature
of 20℃. Determine the volume of hot air if the total mass of the balloon and the load is 700 + .
16. The solid ball is made of plastic having a density of = 40 + / . Determine the tension in the cable
if the ball is submerged in the water at the depth shown. Will this force increase, decrease, or remain the
same if the cord is shortened? Why?

17. The container of water has a mass of 15 + . Block has a density of 7 840 + 3 / and a mass of
24 + . Determine the total compression or elongation of each spring when the block is fully submerged
in water.

18. Water in the container is originally at a height of ℎ = 1 . If a block having a density of 800 + / is
placed in the water, determine the new level ℎ of the water. The base of the block is 600 square, and the
base of the container is 1.2 square.

19. Determine the height at which the oak block will float above the water surface. The density of the oak is =
770 + / .
20. The cylindrical object shown is to be sized such that is floats in a 1 − − pool of water with a minimum
clearance of 100 + from the bottom of the pool. The specific gravity of the object is estimated as 0.85.
What is the maximum allowable diameter of the object?

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