Unit 8 – Python Programming
8.2 Variables and Functions
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What is a Variable ?
Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values.
Based on the data type of a variable, the python interpreter allocates
memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory.
count = 500
marks = 85.5
name = " Peter "
2
Assigning Values to Variables
This is how we create a variable called marks, which contains an integer
value of 78.
marks = 78 Answer for print(marks) is 78
No need to specify the type of a variable when declaring one.
3
Naming Rules in Python Variables
Python variables can only begin with a letter(A-Z/a-z) or an underscore(_).
A variable name cannot contain spaces.
name = "Amal " , Age = 25 , _marks = 50.8 # valid syntax
7abc =25 , $name = " abc ", mark s = 70 # invalid syntax
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Naming Rules in Python Variables
The rest of the identifier may contain letters(A-Z/a-z), underscores(_), and
numbers(0-9).
Name1 = " John " # valid syntax
Name@ = " Peter " # invalid syntax
python is case-sensitive, and so are Python identifiers.
Here abc and Abc are two abc = 50
different variables Abc = 60
5
Variables –Exercises
Use python IDLE to answer all the questions.
f = 3.56 # a floating point number
a = "Python" # a string
b= "Programming" # a string
1) Display the output of all variables using print() command
2) combination = a + " " + b
3) Display the output of combination using print() command
4) sum = f + f
5) Display the output of sum using print() command
6
What is a function?
Function is a sequence of statements in a certain
order, given a name.
When called, those statements are executed.
It provides code re-usability.
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Function Types
There are mainly four types of python functions.
1. User Defined Functions
2. Built –in Functions
3. Lamda Functions
4. Recursion Functions
Let’s talk about Built-in and User Defined Functions.
8
Built- in Functions
The Python interpreter has a number of functions and types built into it that
are always available.
Let’s talk about
input() and print()
functions
9
Print() Function
The print() function prints the specified message to the screen,
or other standard output device.
print("hello !!!") – gives the output of hello !!!
Output
print(1500) 1500
print(3.5) 3.5
print("python programming") python programming
print("Next function, please!") Next function, please!
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Input() Function
The input() function allows user input and reads one line from standard
input and returns it as a string.
a = input("Enter your name: ")
print(“Your name is: ", a)
This would prompt you to enter any string and it would display same string
on the screen.
Output
Enter your name: Kamal Can enter any string
Your name is: Kamal value
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User Defined Functions
You can define functions to provide the required functionality.
def abc():
"This prints hello and world string values" The first statement of a
function can be an optional
print("Hello") statement
print("World")
return; A Python function may
optionally return a value
Once you call the function you get the output results.
abc() Hello
World
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Python Function with Parameters
Parameters(Arguments) are specified after the function name,
inside the parentheses “( )”.
Function with one argument (abc)
# Function definition is here
def printme(abc): Output
"This prints a string value"
print(abc) hello world
return; second call to the same function
# Now you can call printme function
printme("hello world")
printme("second call to the same
function")
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Functions - Exercise
Create two different functions for addition, Subtraction with two parameters
for each function and call them to print the calculations.
def addition(num1,num2): Output
print("answer is: " ,num1+num2)
def subtraction(num1,num2): answer is: 70
print("answer is: " ,num1-num2) answer is: 90
answer is: 120
addition(50,20) answer is: 30
addition(40,50) answer is: 80
addition(100,20) answer is: 100
subtraction(50,20)
subtraction(100,20)
subtraction(200,100)
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Lesson Summary
Variable – Definition
Assigning Values to Variables
Function – Definition
Input/Output Function
User Defined Functions
15
Thank You.
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