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Variables and Functions

This document discusses variables and functions in Python. It defines a variable as a reserved memory location that stores values based on the data type. Variables can be assigned values using syntax like "variable = value". Functions are sequences of statements that perform a task and can be reused. Built-in functions like print() and input() are available in Python, while user-defined functions can be created to define custom functionality. Functions may take parameters and return values. Exercises demonstrate defining functions for math operations and calling them to print results.

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136 views16 pages

Variables and Functions

This document discusses variables and functions in Python. It defines a variable as a reserved memory location that stores values based on the data type. Variables can be assigned values using syntax like "variable = value". Functions are sequences of statements that perform a task and can be reused. Built-in functions like print() and input() are available in Python, while user-defined functions can be created to define custom functionality. Functions may take parameters and return values. Exercises demonstrate defining functions for math operations and calling them to print results.

Uploaded by

shekhar bhandari
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 8 – Python Programming

8.2 Variables and Functions

1
What is a Variable ?

 Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values.

 Based on the data type of a variable, the python interpreter allocates


memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory.

count = 500
marks = 85.5
name = " Peter "

2
Assigning Values to Variables

 This is how we create a variable called marks, which contains an integer


value of 78.
marks = 78 Answer for print(marks) is 78

 No need to specify the type of a variable when declaring one.

3
Naming Rules in Python Variables

 Python variables can only begin with a letter(A-Z/a-z) or an underscore(_).

 A variable name cannot contain spaces.

name = "Amal " , Age = 25 , _marks = 50.8 # valid syntax

7abc =25 , $name = " abc ", mark s = 70 # invalid syntax

4
Naming Rules in Python Variables

 The rest of the identifier may contain letters(A-Z/a-z), underscores(_), and


numbers(0-9).

Name1 = " John " # valid syntax


Name@ = " Peter " # invalid syntax

 python is case-sensitive, and so are Python identifiers.

Here abc and Abc are two abc = 50


different variables Abc = 60

5
Variables –Exercises
Use python IDLE to answer all the questions.

 f = 3.56 # a floating point number


 a = "Python" # a string
 b= "Programming" # a string

1) Display the output of all variables using print() command


2) combination = a + " " + b
3) Display the output of combination using print() command
4) sum = f + f
5) Display the output of sum using print() command

6
What is a function?

 Function is a sequence of statements in a certain


order, given a name.
 When called, those statements are executed.
 It provides code re-usability.

7
Function Types

There are mainly four types of python functions.

1. User Defined Functions


2. Built –in Functions
3. Lamda Functions
4. Recursion Functions

Let’s talk about Built-in and User Defined Functions.

8
Built- in Functions
The Python interpreter has a number of functions and types built into it that
are always available.

Let’s talk about


input() and print()
functions

9
Print() Function

 The print() function prints the specified message to the screen,


or other standard output device.
print("hello !!!") – gives the output of hello !!!
Output

print(1500) 1500
print(3.5) 3.5
print("python programming") python programming
print("Next function, please!") Next function, please!

10
Input() Function

 The input() function allows user input and reads one line from standard
input and returns it as a string.
a = input("Enter your name: ")
print(“Your name is: ", a)

 This would prompt you to enter any string and it would display same string
on the screen.

Output
Enter your name: Kamal Can enter any string
Your name is: Kamal value

11
User Defined Functions

 You can define functions to provide the required functionality.


def abc():
"This prints hello and world string values" The first statement of a
function can be an optional
print("Hello") statement
print("World")
return; A Python function may
optionally return a value

 Once you call the function you get the output results.
abc() Hello
World

12
Python Function with Parameters

 Parameters(Arguments) are specified after the function name,


inside the parentheses “( )”.
Function with one argument (abc)
# Function definition is here
def printme(abc): Output
"This prints a string value"
print(abc) hello world
return; second call to the same function
# Now you can call printme function
printme("hello world")
printme("second call to the same
function")

13
Functions - Exercise

 Create two different functions for addition, Subtraction with two parameters
for each function and call them to print the calculations.

def addition(num1,num2): Output


print("answer is: " ,num1+num2)
def subtraction(num1,num2): answer is: 70
print("answer is: " ,num1-num2) answer is: 90
answer is: 120
addition(50,20) answer is: 30
addition(40,50) answer is: 80
addition(100,20) answer is: 100
subtraction(50,20)
subtraction(100,20)
subtraction(200,100)

14
Lesson Summary

 Variable – Definition
 Assigning Values to Variables
 Function – Definition
 Input/Output Function
 User Defined Functions

15
Thank You.

16

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