I

NTERVI
EW QUESTI
ONS:

*
#--
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Sect
ion-
1--
--
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-#*

Que1)Di ff
erencebetweenCRSandSRSdocument ?
CRS i s a customerrequi
rementspeci
ficat
ion t
hatcontai
ns customer
businessrequirement
s.
SRS isa Sof t
wareRequir
ementSpecif
icati
onswhich cont
ain sof
tware
rel
atedfeatures.

Que2)Whati
sakickof
fmeeti
ng?
It
'
sanini
ti
almeeti
ngconduct
edbyanor
gani
sat
iont
odev
elopapr
oduct
.

Que3)Dif
ferencebet
weendebuggi
ngandt est
ing?
Debugging means i
dent
if
ying mi
stakes and fi
xi
ng t
he bug,t
est
ing
meansi
dent i
fyi
ngbugs.

Que4)Whatisret
esti
ng?
Veri
fyi
ngorchecki
ngbugsi
sreal
l
yfi
xedornot
.

Que5)whatisf
ixi
ngabug?
Modi
fyi
ngprogramsorr
emov
ingwr
ongcodeandent
eri
ngcor
rectcode.

Que6)Howdoest hetestleaddeci
det
hetestcy
cledur
ati
on?
1)
Basedonfeaturesdev el
opi
nbui
ld
2)
Notester
sav ai
labil
i
t y
.
3)
Complexi
tyoffeatures.

Que7)Whati sthedif
fer
encebetweenr
espinandnewbui
ld?
Respi
ncontainsonl
yblockerbugf
ixi
ngNewbui l
dcontai
nsnew+ol
d
feat
ures+fixedbugs

Que8)Whyshoul
dwet
estnewf
eat
uresf
ir
st?
 Pr
obabi
l
ityofi
dent
if
yingbugswi
l
lbemor
einnew f
eat
urescompar
edt
o
ol
d.

Que9)Whyshoul dwetestol
dfeaturesinever
ybuild?
I
fdev el
opercr
eatesanynewbui l
dwhi chcontai
nschanges(
newf
eat
ures
+bugfixi
ng)
Mightaff
ectol
dfeatur
esfunct
ional
ity
.

Que10)Whydoweneedt omai nt
ainaseparat
eenvi
ronmentforbot
h
devel
opi
ngandtesti
ng?
I
fwemai nt
aincommonenv
ironmentchangesmadebydevel
operswi
ll
showimpactontest
ing.

Que11)Di
ff
erencebet
weenWhi
teBoxTest
ingandBl
ackBoxTest
ing.

Whi
teBoxTest
ing Bl
ackBoxTest
ing
1.
In WBT we wi
l
l check each 1.I
nBBTwewi l
lcheckeachf
eat
ure
pr
ogram funct
ional
i
ty.
2.I
t is perf
ormed by 2.
Onl
yTest
ingt
eam
devel
opers,
Someti
mes t est
ers i
f
theyhav
ecodingknowledge.
3.Toperf
orm WBTi
nter
nal
codi
ngi
s 3.To perform BBT codi
ng
requi
red. knowl
edgenotrequi
re
4.
Ascodeisv i
sibl
eiti
sknownas 4.
Ascodeisnotvi
sibl
eiti
sknown
openboxt
est
ing. ascl
osedboxt
est
ing.
5.To per
for
m WBT dev el
operuse 5.To per
form BBT t
est
erwi l
luse
techni
queli
kest
atementcover
age. test
ing t ypes li
ke f uncti
onal
,int
egrat
ionetc.
Que:
whati
sfunct
ional
test
ing?
Testi
ng each and ev
ery componentcompl
etel
y or
t
hor
oughl
yorr
igor
ousl
ybyref
err
ingtor
equir
ementdocument.

QUE:
TypesofFunct
ional
Test
ing?

1)Ov
erTest
ing:

Testi
ng componentwi
th mul
ti
plei
nput
swhi
ch ar
ecov
eri
ng
samer
equi
rement
.

2)UnderTest
ing:

Test
ingcomponentwi
thmul
ti
plei
nput
swhi
char
enot
cov
eri
ngr
equi
rementcomplet
ely
.

3)Opt
imi
zedTest
ing:

Test
ing componentwi
thmul
ti
plei
nput
swhi
ch
cov
ersr
equi
rementcompl
etel
y.

QUE:
Whatar
ethet
ypesofr
elat
ion?

Rel
ati
onsar
ecl
assi
fi
edi
ntot
wot
ypes.

1)Mono-
dir
ect
ional
:
-

Rel
ati
onbet
weenf
eat
ureswi
l
lbei
nanyonedi
rect
ion.

A-
--
--
--
--
->-
--
--
--
--
-B

A-
--
--
--
--
--
>--
--
--
--
-B

E.
g:Compose-
--
->-
--
--
-I
nbox
 2)Bi
dir
ect
ional
:
-

Rel
ati
onbet
weenf
eat
urewi
l
lbei
nbot
hdi
rect
ions.

A-
--
--
--
-<-
->-
--
--
--
-B

E.
x:I
nbox-
--
--
--
<--
>--
--
--
--
-Tr
ash

QUE:
Whati
sInt
egr
ati
onTest
ing?

Testi
ng rel
ati
on bet
ween two f
eat
uresort
est
ing
dat
afl
owbet
weent
wof eatur
esbasedonr el
ati
on.

Ty
pesOfI
ntegr
ati
onTest
ing:
-

I
ntegrat
iont
estingisclassi
fiedi
ntot
wot
ypes basedonhowt
est
ingt
eam
wi
llperf
orm orcheckrelat
ions.

i
)Non-
incr
ement
alI
ntegr
ati
onTest
ing:
-

Testi
ngr
elat
ionbet
weenf
eat
ures
bygr
oupi
ngwhi
char
ehav
ingasetofr
elati
on.

I
tisal
soknownasBI
GBANGi
ntegr
ati
ont
est
ing.

Li
mit
ati
ons:
-

i
) I
tscompl
exandt
imeconsumi
ng.

i
i
) Chancesar
etheirt
estermightmi
ssoneor
t
worelat
ionst
est
ingwhichmighthav
ebugs.

i
i
i) I
tcanbeperf
orm af
fect
ivel
yonl
yifwear
e
exper
ienced.
I
I)I
ncr
ement
alI
ntegr
ati
onTest
ing:
-

Testi
ngrel
ati
onbet
weent
wo f
eat
ure
byi
ncr
ement
all
yaddi
ngonebyonef
eatur
e.

I
ncrement
alInt
egrat
ionTest
ingi
scl
assi
fi
edi
ntot
wot
ypesbasedondat
a
f
lowbetweenfeat
ures.

1)TopDownI
ncr
ement
alI
ntegr
ati
onTest
ing:
-

Test
ingdat
afl
ow bet
ween
par
entt
ochi
l
dorhi
ghl
evel
tol
owl
evel
modul
e.

Chances ar
et hei
rdevelopers may cr
eat
e high lev el
modul
ebutnotl
ow l
evelmoduletoper
formt est
ingt
eam mightrequired
l
ow l
evelmodul
e so dev
eloper
s wil
lcreat
e dummymodul eorf eature
st
ubs.

St
ubs:
-

I
t’
sdummyf
eat
ure whi
chwi
l
lrecei
vedat
afr
om hi
ghl
evel
modul
e.

Li
mit
ati
ons:
-

1)St
ubwi
l
lnotv
eri
fydat
aisv
ali
dori
nval
i
d.

2)St
ubsonl
yrecei
vedat
abutnott
ransf
ers.
2)Bot
tom UpI
ncr
ement
alI
ntegr
ati
on:
-

Test
ing dat
afl
ow f
rom chi
l
dto
par
entorl
owl
evel
feat
uret
ohi
ghl
evel
feat
ure.

To per
for
m bott
om up ,Top down i
smandat
oryand
r
elat
ionbet
weenf
eat
uresshoul
dbebi
dir
ecti
onal
.

Chances ar
et hei
rdev el
opers may dev
elop l
ow level
feat
urebutnothighlevelf
eat
uretoper
formt est
ingonl
owlevelf
eatur
e.So
devel
operwil
lcreat
edummyf eat
ureDr
iver.

Dr
iver
s:-

I
tsdummyf
eat
urewhi
chwi
l
lrecei
ve,anal
yseandt
ransf
ert
he
dat
a.

Que12)Whati ssandwichincr
ement al
_i
ntegr
ati
ontesti
ng?
-> I
tisacombi nati
onoft op-
downandbot tom-up.Wecanuseei
ther
stubsordr
iver
sbasedonr elat
ion.

Que13)Di
ff
erencebet
weenst
ubsanddr
iver
s.
 St
ubs Dr
iver
s

1) It’
sadummyf
eat
uret
hatwi
l
l 1) I ti
sadummyf eatur
ethatwi
l
l
recei
vedat
a recei
veandt
ransf
erdata.

2)Dr
iver
sarecreat
edwhenthehi
gh-
2)Stubsarecr
eatedwhenthel
ow- l
evel
featur
eisnotavai
l
abl
e
l
evel
featur
eisnotavai
l
abl
e

3)Dr
iversaremai
nlyusedi
nBot
tom-
3) Stubsaremai
nlyusedi
ntop Upapproach.
downappr
oach.

4) St ubsarecreat
ed when t
he 4)Dr
iversarecr
eat
edwhenr
elat
ioni
s
rel
ati
onismono-
dir
ect
ional
. bi
dir
ect
ional.

5)Dr
iver
sar
ecal
l
ingf
unct
ions.
5)St
ubsar
ecal
l
edf
unct
ions.

6)St
ubsar
eSubpr
ogr
ams. 6)Dr
iver
sar
ethemai
nPr
ogr
ams.

Que14)Whati
sthedef
ect
?

→ Thedevi
ati
onbetweentheexpect
edresultandt
heact
ualr
esul
t.ORAny
f
eatur
efunct
ional
i
tynotworki
ngasexpected.

Que15)Whywi
l
ldef
ect
shappen?

→ 1)Becauseofami
stakei
nthepr
ogr
am.

2)Becauseofl
ogi
cal
mist
akes.

3)Chancesar
ethei
rdev
elopermi
sunder
stoodt
her
equi
rement
.

4)Chancesar
ethei
rdev
elopermi
ssedanyf
eat
ureaddi
ng.
 5)Chancesar
ethei
rtest
ermi
sunder
stoodt
her
equi
rement
.

Que16)Expl
aint
hef
oll
owi
ngpoi
nts:

1) Proj
ectname:Thi
ssect
ionexpl
ainsi
nwhi
cht
hepr
ojectt
est
ingt
eam
f
oundabug.

2)Feat
urename:
Thi
ssect
ionexpl
ainsi
nwhi
chf
eat
urebugshappen.

3)Bui
l
dno:
Thi
ssect
ionexpl
ainsbyt
est
ingwhi
chbui
l
dbugi
sident
if
ied.

Que17)Whati
sthesev
eri
tyandexpl
aini
tst
ypes.

Sev
eri
ty:Thi
ssect
ionexplai
nshow t
est
eri
dent
if
iedbugswi
l
lshow
t
heimpactoncust
omerbusiness.

a)Bl
ocker
:Fur
thert
est
ingi
snotpossi
ble.

b)Cr
it
ical
:Hi
ghl
ossi
ncust
omerbusi
ness.

c)Maj
or:
Nol
ossbutt
hecust
omerwi
l
lfacesomedi
ff
icul
ti
es.

d)Mi
nor
:Nol
ossnodi
ff
icul
ti
esbutappl
i
cat
ionwi
l
lnotl
ooksgood.

e)Feat
ure:Notabug,j
ustasuggest
iont
omaket
heappl
i
cat
ion
moreeffect
ive.

Que18)Whati
spr
ior
it
yandexpl
aini
tst
ypes.

Pri
ori
ty:Thi
ssecti
onexplai
nshow f
astt
est
eri
dent
if
iedbugneedt
obe
fi
xed bydev
eloper
.

*
Pri
ori
tyt
ypes*

a)I
mmedi
ate/
urgent
:Ifbugsneedt
obef
ixedi
nthesamebui
l
d.

b)Hi
gh:
Bugneedst
obef
ixedi
nthenextbui
l
d.

c)Medi
um:
Bugneedst
obef
ixedwi
thi
n5t
o10bui
l
ds.

d)Low:Bugneedst
obef
ixedi
nanybui
l
dev
endel
i
ver
ingpr
oductt
o
cust
omer
.

#Not
e:Sever
it
yi s setby Test
erand Pr
ior
it
yis setby Dev
eloper
s
somet
imest
estercanal
soset
.

Sev
eri
ty Pr
ior
it
y

Bl
ocker I
mmedi
ate

Cr
it
ical Hi
gh

Maj
or Medi
um

Mi
nor Low

Que19)Expl
ainHi
ghsev
eri
tywi
thahi
ghpr
ior
it
ywi
thexampl
e.

The i
denti
fi
ed bug wi
l
lshow a sav
ior
i
mpacton cust
omerbusi ness and the numberofusers usi
ng the
appl
i
cat
ioni
nbugident
if
iedwaysaremor e.

*
Bug:
Userunabl
etol
ogi
napp.

Sev
eri
ty:
Cri
ti
cal
/Hi
gh

Pr
ior
it
y:Hi
gh

Que20)Expl
ainHi
ghsev
eri
tywi
thal
owpr
ior
it
ywi
thexampl
e.

The i
dent
if
ied bug wi
l
lshow savi
ouri
mpacton
cust
omerbusi
nessandnumberofusersusesappl
i
cat
ionsi
nbugi
dent
if
ied
waysar
everyr
are/l
ess.
*
Bug:
userunabl
etol
ogi
nusi
nghel
popt
ion.

Sev
eri
ty:
High

Pr
ior
it
y:Low

Que21)Expl
ainLowsev
eri
tywi
thahi
ghpr
ior
it
ywi
thexampl
e.

The i
dent
if
ied bug wi
llnotshow any
i
mpactoncust
omerbusi
nessbutev
eryusercaneasilyunder
standt
hat
mist
ake.

*
Bug:
Logocont
ainsmi
stakes.

Sev
eri
ty:
Low

Pr
ior
it
y:Hi
gh

Que22)Expl
ainLowsev
eri
tywi
thaLowpr
ior
it
ywi
thexampl
e.

I
dent
if
iedbugswil
lnotshow anyi
mpact
oncust
omerbusi
nessnousercanunderst
andmi
stakesar
eless.

*
Bug:
Int
ermsandcondi
ti
on50t
hli
necont
entmi
stake.

Sev
eri
ty:
Low

Pr
ior
it
y:Low

Que23)Expl
ainRepr
oduci
bil
i
tyandi
tst
ypes.
 Thi
ssect
ionexpl
ainswhet
hert
hebugi
sconsi
stentor
i
nconsi
stent
.

a)Consist
entBug:I
fthet
est
eri
sabl
etor
epr
oducet
hebugi
nal
lthe
at
tempts.

St
atusshoul
dbeal
way
s.

b)I
nconsi
stentBug:I
fthet
est
eri
sunabl
etor
epr
oducet
hebugi
n
mul
ti
pleat
tempts.

#St
atus:

1)Al
ter
nat
e:Bugr
epr
esenti
nal
ter
nat
eat
tempt
.

2)Rarel
y:Bug r
epr
oduces t
wice ort
hri
ce i
n mul
ti
ple
at
tempts.

3)Only once:Bug r
epr
oduce onl
y once i
n mul
ti
ple
at
tempts.

Que24)Whyshoul
dwesendt
hei
nconsi
stentbugst
othedev
elopi
ngt
eam?

Chancesaret her
ebugwhichisinconsi
stentattest
ingsi
demi ght
becomeconsi st
entatcustomersi
te.Tohaveapr oofdocumentthatthe
test
ingteam i
denti
fi
edthebugweneedtosendittothedevel
oper
.

Que25)Howwi
l
lyouf
ixi
nconsi
stentbugs?

Byr
efer
ri
ngt
otheLogf
il
e.

Que26)Whati
sLogf
il
e?

It
s documentwhich wi
l
lr ecord al
lthe act
ions t
hatar
e
per
for
medontheappl
i
cat
ionaut
omat
ical
ly.

Que27)Expl
aint
hef
oll
owi
ngpoi
nts:

Pl
atf
orm:
-
 Thi
ssect
ionexpl
ainsi
nwhi
chO.
Sandbr
owsert
est
ingt
eam
f
oundbugs.

#Bugsummar
y:

Ov
erv
iewoft
hebug.

#BugDescr
ipt
ion:

I
ndet
ail
saboutt
hei
dent
if
iedbug.

#St
epst
orepr
oduce:

St
epbyst
eppr
ocedur
ehowt
est
eri
dent
if
iedbug.

#Expect
edResul
t:

Howt
hesy
stem shoul
drespond.

#Act
ual
Resul
t:

Howt
hesy
stem i
srespondi
ng.

#At
tachment
:

Bugr
elat
eddocument
s(l
ogf
il
e,scr
eenshot
s).

Que28)wher
eweshoul
dpr
epar
edef
ectr
epor
ts?

1)Wor
ddocument
s.

2)Excel
.

3)Spr
eadsheet
s.

4)Def
ectt
racki
ngt
ool
s(Mant
is,
Bugzi
l
la)

5)Testmanagementt
ool
s-Qc,
JIRA….
.

Que29)Whenshoul
dat
est
ersendabug?
 I
mmedi
atel
ywhent
het
est
eri
dent
if
iest
hebug.

Que30)Whycan'
tthet
est
ersendal
lbugr
epor
tsatt
heendoft
heday
?

1)Chancesar
ethei
rtest
ermi
ghtmi
ssf
orgetoneort
wobugl
oggi
ng

2)Del
aywi
l
lhappeni
nassi
gni
ngbugst
othedev
eloper
.

Que31)Whati
saDupl
i
cat
ebug?

Samebugi
dent
if
iedbymul
ti
plet
est
ers.

Que32)Whywi
l
ldupl
i
cat
ebugshappen?

1) Becomeofcommonf
eat
urenav
igat
ion.

2) Mi
ghtbet
her
elat
ionbet
weenf
eat
ures.

Que33)Forwhom t
het
est
ingt
eam shoul
dsendabugr
epor
t?

→ Dev
elopi
ngl
ead.

Que34)Whyshoul
dwenotsendbugr
epor
tst
otestl
eadsordev
eloper
s?

1)Wedon’
tknowwhodev
elopt
hatf
eat
ure

2)Ifwesendabugr epor
ttot
estl
eaddel
aywi
l
lhappeni
nassi
gni
ng
bugstot
hedev
eloper
.

Que35)Expl
ainDef
ectLi
feCy
cle

1)Whenthetest
eri
dent
ifi
esabugprepareabugr
epor
twi
thst
atus
new/
openandsendi
ttot
hedev
elopmentt
eam.

2)Dev
elopl
eadwi
l
lrev
iewbugr
epor
ts,
ident
if
ydev
eloper
swhodev
elop
 t
hatf
eat
ureandassi
gnbugr
epor
tsbychangi
ngst
atusAssi
gn.

3)Devel
oper
swi l
lrev
iew bug r
eport
s,reproducea bug and modi
fy
sour
cecode,changebugrepor
tstat
ustoFixed.

a.Whenanew buil
dcomesf ortest
ingthet esterwil
lrecheck
bugf
ixesornoti
fitisfi
xedchangestatust oClosed,ifbug
i
snotfi
xedtoReopenandsendittodeveloplead.

4)Thi
spr
ocesscont
inuesunt
ilt
hebugi
sfi
xed.

Que36)Whydev
elopl
eadi
sgi
veDupl
i
cat
eBug?

1)Thi
sst
atusi
sgi
venbydev
elopl
ead

2)I
ft hestatusisgiv
endev el
opi
ngleadnotaccepted
testerbugrepor
tbecausesimi
larbugr
epor
talready
assignedtodevel
oper.

Que37)Whywi
l
ldupl
i
cat
ebugshappen?

1)Becauseofcommonf
eat
uresnav
igat
ion.

2)Chancesaret
hei
rfeat
uresar
ehav
ingr
elat
ionswhi
char
eassi
gned
totest
ers.

New/
open>Dupl
i
cat
e>Cl
osed

Que38)Whydodev
eloper
sgi
vePost
poned/
Def
fer
tst
atus?

Thi
sstatusi
sgi venbythedev eloper
.Dev
eloper
accept
edt
hebugbuti
twil
lbef
ixedl
aterori
nthenextbui
ld.

Que39)Whydi
dthedev
eloperchangebugr
epor
tst
atust
opost
poned?

1)Chancesar
ethei
rdev
eloperi
sbusyi
naddi
ngnewf
eat
ures.
 2)Mi
ghtbebugsev
eri
tyi
smaj
orormi
nor
.

3)Bugpr
ior
it
ymi
ghtbel
owormedi
um.

4)I
fthe cust
omeri
s expect
ing anychanges i
n bug i
dent
if
ied
f
eat
ures.

New-
>Assi
gned-
>Post
poned/
Def
err
ed-
>Fi
xed-
>Cl
osed/
Reopen

Que40)Whydev
eloper
sgi
vest
atusUnabl
etor
epr
oduce.

Thi
sstatuswillbegivenbythedev
eloper
.Ifa
dev
eloperi
sunabl
etor
eproduceatest
edident
if
iedbug.

Que41)Whydev
eloper
swi
l
lgi
veunabl
etor
epr
oducest
atus?

1)Chancesar
ethei
rbugmi
ghtbei
nconsi
stent
.

2)Dev
eloper
smi
ghtusedi
ff
erentpl
atf
ormst
orepr
oducet
hebug.

3)I
fthebui
l
disnoti
nst
all
edpr
oper
lyi
nthet
est
ingenv
ironment
.

4)Mi
ghtbeabugr
epor
tnotcl
eart
orepr
oducet
hebug.

a)I
nconsi
stent
:

Open-
>Assi
gned-
>Unabl
etor
epr
oduce-
>

b)Bui
l
dinst
all
ati
onpr
obl
em:

Open-
>Assi
gned-
>Unabl
etor
epr
oduce-
>cl
osed

c)Bugr
epor
tnotcl
ear
/pl
atf
orm:
 Open-
>assi
gn-
>unabl
etor
epr
oduce-
>fi
xed-
>cl
osed/
reopen

Que42)Whydev
eloper
scan'
tbef
ixed?

Thi
sstat
usisgiv
enbythedev
eloper
.Dev
eloperaccept
ed
at
est
eri
dent
if
iedbugbutitwi
ll
notbef
ixed.

Que43)Whycan'
tdev
eloper
sfi
xtest
eri
dent
if
iedbugs?

1)Mi
ghtbet
echnol
ogynotsuppor
ti
ngt
ofi
xthebug.

2)Chancesar
etheircostoff
ixi
ngi
smor
ewhencompar
edt
olossgi
ven
tol
ossgivent
othatbug.

Que44)Whydev
eloper
sar
egi
venst
atusRej
ect
ed?

Thi
sst
atuswi
l
lbegi
venbyt
hedev
eloperwhent
hebugi
snot
accept
ed.

Que45)Whydi
dthedev
elopernotacceptt
het
est
eri
dent
if
iedbug?

1)Chancesar
ethei
rtest
erunder
standst
her
equi
rement
.

2)Chancesar
ethei
rdev
elopermi
sunder
stoodt
her
equi
rement
.

3)I
fthebugi
sinconsi
stent
.

4)I
fadev
eloperaddsanynewf
eat
urewi
thoutupdat
ingt
hecust
omer
.

a)TE.
Misunder
stood-
>New-
>assi
gn-
>rej
ect
ed-
>cl
osed

b)DE .Misunder
stood-
> New-
>Assi
gn-
>rej
ect
ed-
>reopen-
>fi
xed
-
>cl
osed/r
eopen.

c)I
nconsi
stent
.
 d)Newf
eat
ure.

Qu46)Whydodev
eloper
sgi
vest
atusRFE(
Requestf
orenhancement
)?

-
->

Thisstat
uswillbegiv
enbydevel
operifiti
sabugfr
om test
erpointof
v
iew butitcan’
tbeacceptedfr
om dev el
opingpoi
ntofvi
ew becausebug
r
elat
edcontentisnotdocument
edinrequir
ementdocument
.

Al
lRFE’
swill
bediscussedwi
tht
hecust
omeri
fcust
omeragr
eest
hen
f
ixt
hebugother
wiser
eject.

(
Cust
omerappr
oved)f
ixed-
>cl
osed/
reopen

New-
>assi
gn-
>RFE-
>

(Cust
omernotappr
oved)Rej
ect
ed-
>cl
osed

Que47)Whati
ssmoket
est
ing?

→ Test
ingbasi
candcr
it
icalf
eat
uref
unct
ional
i
tybef
oreaccept
ingt
he
bui
l
d.

Toperfor
m Smoket
est
ingweuseonl
yval
i
ddat
a.Soi
tisal
soknownas
Posit
iveTest
ing.

Que48)Expl
ainSmoket
est
ing?

1)Devel
operswi
lldev
elopaf
ewf
eat
uresaf
terWBTsendst
hebui
l
dto
thet
esti
ngteam.

2)Testl
eadwi
l
ldeci
det
estcy
cledur
ati
on.

3)Test
ingleadwillst
artt
est
ingeachf
eat
urechancesar
ethei
rtest
er
mighti
dent
ifybl
ockerbugatt
heendoft
hetestcy
cle.
 4)Tofixthatbl
ockerbugandtoret
estandr
espi
nthet esti
ngteam
mightr
equi
resuf
fi
cientt
imewhi
chr
esul
tsi
ndel
ayi
nnextdelaytest
ing.

5)Toav oidthi
sbefor
et est
ingbui
ldt
esti
ngleadt
ov eri
fywhetherbuil
d
cont
ainsblockerbugsarenotbyperfor
mingsmoket esti
ng.Ifther
eis
noblockerbugthenacceptthebui
l
dandperf
ormthroughtesti
ng.

Que49)Whyshoul
dweper
for
m Smoket
est
ing?

1)Toi
dent
if
ybl
ockerbugsati
nit
ial
stat
e.

2)Toav
oiddel
ayi
nnewbui
l
dtest
ing.

3)Toav
oidi
ncr
easi
ngpr
ojectdur
ati
onandcost
.

4)Tor
educet
est
eref
for
ts.

5)Toi
nsur
ethebui
l
dist
est
abl
eornot
.

6)I
tactsasanent
rycr
it
eri
afort
hedev
elopi
ngt
eam t
odev
elop
newbui
lds.

Que50)Whatt
ypeoft
est
ingwi
l
lper
for
minSmoke?

Anytypeoft
est
ingwhi
chper
for
medwi
thv
ali
ddat
aisconsi
der
edas
smoketest
ing.

Que51)Whenweshoul
dper
for
m smoket
est
ing?

1)Dev el
operwil
lper
for
m smoket
est
ingaf
terev
erybui
l
dinst
all
ati
oni
s
test
ingtheenvi
ronment
.

2)Test
erwi
l
ldosmoket
est
ingonev
erybui
l
dbef
oreaccept
ing.

3)Cust
omers wi
l
ldo smoke test
ing aft
erinst
all
i
ng a productata
pr
oduct
ionsi
tewi
thsampl
e/dummydat a.i
.eDryRunTest
ing.

*
#--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Sect
ion-
2--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
#*
Que52)Whati
sadhoct
est
ing?
 → Defi
nit
ion1:Test
ingappl
i
cat
ionr
andoml
ywi
thoutr
efer
ri
ngt
oany
r
equi
rementdocument.

Def
ini
ti
on2:
Test
ingappl
i
cat
ionbyusi
ngcr
eat
ivescenar
ios.

Def
ini
ti
on3:
-Test
inganappl
i
cat
ionwi
thoutusi
nganyl
ogi
c.

Que53)Whyshoul
dweper
for
m adhoct
est
ing?

1)Chancesaretheirendusermightusetheapplicat
ionrandoml
yand
facedi
ff
icul
tyt
oav oi
dthatweshouldper
form adhoctest
ing.

2)Appl
i
cat
ionqual
i
tywi
l
lincr
ease.

3)Toi
dent
if
ymor
ebugs.

4)Toi
mpr
ovet
est
ert
estef
fi
ciency
.

5)Toi
mpr
ovet
estcov
erage.

6)Tobr
eakpr
oduct
.

Que54)Whenweneedt
oper
for
m adhoct
est
ing?

1)Whi
l
et esti
ngabuildi
fthetest
eri
denti
fi
escr
eat
ivescenar
iosst
op
nor
malt
estingandper
for
m adhoct
est
ing.

2)Ifweident
if
ymorecr
eativescenar
ios,documentandper
for
m adhoc
test
ingatt
heendoft
hetestcycl
e.

3)I
fwe identi
fymor e creat
ive scenar
iosbutt i
me i
snotsuf
fi
ci
ent
per
for
m adhoctest
ingattheendofnextt estcy
cle.

4)I
nev er
ybuil
dtesteri
dent
if
iedmorecr
eat
ivescenar
iosbutt
imei snot
suf
fi
cientcont
acttestlead so t
hatnew t
esterwil
lbe assigned to
per
for
m adhoctest
ing.

Que55)Expl
aint
ypesofadhoct
est
ing.
1)Monkeyt
est
ing:
-

I
nthi
stypeever
ytest
erneedst
oi dent
if
ycr
eat
ive
scenar
iosont
hei
rassi
gnedf
eat
ureandper
for
msadhoctesti
ng.

2)I
nter
changet
est
ing:

Inthisappr
oachev er
ytest
erwil
lident
if
ycreat
ive
scenar
ios,
anot
hert
est
erassi
gnedfeat
uresandper
for
msadhoctest
ing.

3)PairTesti
ng:Inthi
sapproachexper
iencedt est
erwilli
dent
if
ycr eati
ve
scenar
iosandsendittotest
erbyref
err
ingtot hosescenar
iosothertest
er
wil
lperf
orm adhoct
esti
ngonthei
rassi
gnedf eatur
e.

4)Buddyt
est
ing:
-

I
nthi
sappr oachdevel
oper
swi l
lexplai
ni nt
ernaldesi
gn
andcodingstr
uctur
etotest
ersbasedonthatknowledgecreati
vescenari
os
wil
lbeident
if
iedandadhoctesti
ngwil
lbeperf
ormed.

Que56)Di
ff
erencebet
weenDef
ect
,Bug,
Err
or,
Fai
l
ure.

1)Def
ect:Iftest
eridenti
fi
esanyf
eatur
efunct
ional
i
tynotwor
king
asexpectedwill
bet er
msasdefect
.

2)Bug:I
fadevel
operaccept
sat
est
eri
dent
if
ieddef
ecti
twi
l
lbe
consi
der
edasBug.

3)Er
ror
:Mi
stakei
npr
ogr
am i
sknownaser
ror
.

4)Fai
lure:If an appl
i
cat
ion i
s unabl
et o suppor
tcust
omer
businessi
twil
lbeconsi
der
edasfai
lur
e.

Que57)Whati
sRel
i
abi
l
ityTest
ing?

Veri
fyi
ng or checking appl
i
cat
ion f
eat
ures
f
unct
ional
i
tycont
inuousl
yforaper
iodoft
ime.
Que58)Whati
sMi
grat
ionTest
ing?

Ver
if
yingorchecki
ngf eat
uresfuncti
onal
i
tywhich
ar
edev
elopedi
nol
dtechnol
ogyorsupport
abl
einnewt echnol
ogyornot
.

Que59)Whati
sRecov
eryTest
ing?

1)Chancesarethei
rappl
icat
ionmightgetcr
ashed
atacustomersit
esoweneedtorebuil
dandcheckiftheappl
i
cati
onworks
asexpectedornot
.

2)Chancesarethei
rt est
ermightimmedi
atel
ycrasht
hesof
twar
eand
checki
frebui
l
tsof
twareworksasexpect
edornot
.

Que60)Whati
sat
estCase?

It
'sadocumentt
hatcont
ainsal
lpossi
blei
nput
sthatar
eusedt
o
t
estappl
i
cations.

Que61)Whydoweneedt
opr
epar
etestcases?

1)Tohav econsistencyintesting.
2)Toimpr ov
epr oductqualit
y .
3)Toimpr ov
et estcoverage.
4)Toavoidtrai
ningofnewt est ers.
5)Toavoiddelayinbui l
dtesting.
6)I
tactsasapr oofdocumentt ot hecustomerthatt
het
est
ingt
eam
hastestedtheappl i
cati
on.
7)I
tsbasedocumentf orAut omat i
ontest
ing.
8)Todependont heprocessr at herthant
heperson.

Que62)Di
ff
erencebet
weent
estcaseandt
estscenar
io.

TestScenar
io:
Act
iont
hatneedst
obeper
for
med.

TestCase:
Stepbyst
eppr
ocedur
etoexecut
eact
ion.
Que63)Whatt
ypeofcasest
obedocument
ed.

1)Functi
onalTesti
ng
2)I
ntegrat
ionTesti
ng
3)System Test
ing
4)AdhocTest i
ng

Que64)Expl
ainTestScenar
ior
evi
ewpr
ocess.

1)Byr eferr
ingt ot her equirementdocumentev er
ytesterwil
lprepare
testscenariodocument sandsendi tt
othetestl
eadforappr
oval.
2)Testleadwi llassignt estscenar i
odocumentstotherevi
ewer.
3)Reviewerby r eferring tot he requi
rementdocumentr evi
ew test
scenarioident i
fi
esmi stakesandpr epar
estherevi
ew documentand
sendsi ttotheaut hor .
4)Byr ef
er r
ingt other evi
ew documentaut horwil
lfi
xallthemistakes
and modi f
yt he t estscenar i
o documentwi l
lbe shared wit
ht he
revi
ewer .
5)Reviewerwi llrechecki fallmi st
akesar efi
xedornotandsendi ta
l
etterforconf i
rmat iontot estthelead.
6)Testleadwi llapprov ethet estscenari
odocument.

Que65)Whatt
ypeofmi
stakesr
evi
ewer
swi
l
lident
if
y?

1)Mi
ssingScenari
o
2)WrongScenari
o
3)Modif
icat
ionScenar
io

Que66)Howwi
l
lthet
estl
eadi
dent
if
yther
evi
ewer
?

1)Chancesaret
heirf
eatur
esmi ghtber
elat
ed
2)Basedondomainknowledge
3)Basedontest
ingexperi
ence
Que67)Whatar
erev
iewet
hics?

1)Alwaysreviewcont entbutnottheaut
hor.
2)Alwaysidentif
icial
mi st
akebutnotasolut
ion.
3)Evenaf t
err eview i
fanymi stakeisthei
rbothr
evi
ewerandaut
hor
responsi
ble.

Que68)Whati
sBoundar
yVal
ueAnal
ysi
s?

I
fanycomponentacceptingr
angeAt
oBt
o
t
estt
hatcomponenti
nput
sareA-
1,A,
A+1&B- 1,
B,B+1

E.
g:Amount

Amount
:

Req:
Itshoul
dacceptwi
thi
nrange500t
o50000

I
nput
s:499,
500,
501,
49999,
50000,
50001.

Que69)Whati
sPr
essmenTechni
que?

I
fany componentaccept
sar
ange t
estt
hat
componentf
oronev
ali
dandtwoi
nvali
ds.

a.Componentaccept
srange

(
Onei
nval
i
dI/
P)-
-<A-
--
-val
i
dinput
--
--
-B<(
Onei
nval
i
dI/
P)

Eg:
Account

Req:
a)I
tshoul
dacceptamountwi
thi
nrange500-
50000
 I
nput
s:-

1)
30000

2)
100

3)
60000

Que70)Whati
sPr
act
iceTechni
que?

a)I
facomponentaccept srangethentestt
hatcomponentformul
tipl
e
val
i
dsandt woinval
ids.
b)Mult
ipl
evali
dinputsidentif
iedbydiv
idi
ngrangei
ntosmallpar
tseach
par
tisknownasequi valentcl
ass.

Ex.
amount

a)I
tshoul
daccept500-
50000

I
nput
s:1)
500 2)
21233)
120004)
210005)
250006)29121

7)
380008)
420009)
50000

c)I
facomponentaccept
sasetofv
aluest
estt
hatcomponentf
ormul
ti
ple
val
idandt
woinval
ids.

d)I
facomponentacceptsbool
eancondi
ti
ont
hent
estmul
ti
plecomponent
s
forbot
htr
ueandfalse.

Que71)Whati
stheer
rorGuessi
ngt
echni
que?

→ Thistechni
quei
susedtopredicti
nput
sbyr ef
err
ingt
orequi
rement
.
Thi
stechisusedi fBVA andequiv
alencepart
it
ionsarenotpossibl
eto
cov
errequi
rements.
Que72)Whati
stheusecase?

→ It
s documentwhi ch expl
ains how a sy
stem orsof
twar
e needs t
o
r
espondforuseract
ions.

Usecasesar
euseror
ient
edbutnotsy
stem or
ient
ed.

Que73)Whowi
l
luset
heusecases?

→ 1)Dev
eloper
smi
ghtr
efert
ousecasest
oimpl
ementcodi
ng.

2)Test
ingt
eam mi
ghtusecasest
owr
it
etestcases.

3)Busi
nessanalyst
sorcustomersmightrefertousecasest
oident
if
y
r
equi
rementspeci
fi
cati
onsandtounder
standsoftwar
eneeds.

4)UML(
Uni
fi
edModel
i
ngLanguage)
.

Que74)Howusecaseswi
l
lbepr
epar
ed?

→ Byusi
ngUML(
Uni
fi
edModel
i
ngLanguage)
.

Que75)Whati
sthest
atet
ransi
ti
ont
echni
que?

→ Thistechni
que i
s used t
oi denti
fyappl
i
cat
ion behav
iororst
ate
swi
tchingbasedontheprev
ioushi
story.

Que76)Whati
saDeci
siont
abl
e?

→ Thistechni
queisusedt oident
if
yallpossi
bleway
stodocumentt
est
casesbasedonrequi
rementandacti
ons.

Que77)Whati
stestdat
a?

→ Dat
athati
scr
eat
edbyt
het
est
ingt
eam t
otestt
heappl
i
cat
ion.

Que78)Whati
sthepr
econdi
ti
on?

→ Thecondi
ti
onst
hatneedt
obesat
isf
iedbef
oreexecut
ingt
het
estcase.

Que79)Whati
sthepl
atf
orm?
→ Wher
etestcasesneedt
obeexecut
ed.

Que80)Whati
sthet
estcaser
eposi
tor
y?

→ Acommonl
ocat
ionwher
eev
eryt
est
erneedst
ost
oreal
lappr
ovedt
est
cases.

Que81)Whi
chwi
l
lactasat
estcaser
eposi
tor
y?

→ 1)Shar
edf
older
.

2)Testmanagementt
ool
sli
keQc,
Test
Link,
JIRA,
TestRai
l
.

3)Ver
sioncont
rol
tool
s-

GI
THub,
SunSer
ver
,Bi
tBucket
.

Que82)Howwi
l
lyour
evi
ewt
het
estcase?

→ 1)Iwillcheckwhet
hert
he aut
horf
oll
owst
he st
andar
dtestcase
t
empl
ateornot.

2)Iwi
l
lchecki
fthet
estcaseheaderpar
tisf
il
ledwi
thr
elev
antdat
aornot
.

3)Iwi
l
lcheckt
estcasesev
eri
tyandpr
ior
it
yrel
evantornot
.

4)Iwi
l
lchecki
fthet
estdat
aissuf
fi
cientf
ort
heexecut
iont
estcaseornot
.

5)Iwi
l
lcheckal
lrequi
rementpr
econdi
ti
onsdocument
edornot
.

6)Iwi
l
lchecki
fthet
estcasei
sst
andar
dwi
thnav
igat
ionst
epsornot
.

7)Iwi
l
lcheckal
ltestscenar
iosdocument
edornot
.

8)Iwil
lchecki
ftestscenar
iosaredocument
edi
nor
gani
zedor
derornotso
thatt
estcasest
epswi l
lbeopti
mized.

9)Iwi
l
lcheckwhet
hert
heact
ualr
esul
tandst
atuscol
umnsar
eempt
yor
not
.

Que83)Whati
sther
equi
rementt
raceabi
l
itymat
ri
x?
→It’
sadocumentt hatexpl
ainsever
yrequi
rementgi
venbythecustomeri
s
cov
eredatl
eastonceinthetestcasedocumentedbythet
esti
ngteam.

Que84)Whenweshoul
dpr
epar
eRTM?

→ Once alltestcases are st

ored i
nt he t
estcase r
eposi
tor
ybef
ore
execut
ingt
estcases,
thetest
ingteam needst
oprepar
eRTM.

Que85)Whydoweneedt
opr
epar
eRTM?

→ 1)I
tact
sast
hepr
oofdocumentf
ort
heCust
omer
.

2)The t
est
ing t
eam wi
l
lgetconf
idence whet
heral
lrequi
rement
s ar
e
cover
edarenot.

3)I
fthecustomermodi
fiesanyr
equi
rement
,thet
estt
eam easi
l
yident
if
ies
whi
chtestcaseneedst
obeupdated.

4)Manualtest
erscaneasi
lyident
if
ytestcasest
hatneedt
obeexecut
ed
manual
lyi
fautomati
ontest
ingisnotpossi
ble.

Que86)Expl
aint
ypesofRTM.

→ 1)For
war
dtr
aceabi
l
itymat
ri
x:
-

Pr
epar
ing RTM by mappi
ng f
rom t
he
r
equi
rementt
otestcases.

2)Backwar
dtr
aceabi
l
itymat
ri
x:
-

Pr
epar
ingRTM bymappi
ngf
rom t
estcasest
o
r
equi
rement
.

3)Bi
dir
ect
ional
traceabi
l
itymat
ri
x:
-

I
t’
sacombi
nat
ionoff
orwar
dandbackwar
d
RTM.

Que87)Whent
het
est
ingt
eam wi
l
lpr
epar
ethet
estcase?
→ 1)Whil
edev
eloper
sdev
elopappl
i
cat
iont
est
ingt
eamswi
l
lpr
epar
etest
cases.

2)Whil
etesti
ngbuil
dsift
hetest
erident
if
iesmi
ssi
ngorcr
eat
ivescenar
ios
thent
estcasesneedtobepr
epared.

3)Ift
hecust
omermodi
fi
est
her
equi
rementt
hent
het
estcaseneedst
obe
updat
ed.

Que88)Whati
sther
etr
ospectmeet
ing?

→ Int hi
smeeti
ngthetestl
eadwillinter
actwi
thev
eryt
eam memberand
i
dent
if
iesall
thedr
awbacksthatar
ef acedbythet
est
ingt
eam.

Al
lthedi f
fi
cult
ieswillbedocumented inret
rospectand st
oreitin
QMS(Quali
tyManagementServi
ces).Thi
sdocumentwi l
lbehel
pfult
otest
l
eadsforupcomingproj
ectst
oprepareatestpl
an.

Que89)Di
ff
erencebet
weenr
egr
essi
onandr
etest
ing.

→ Ret
est
ingdef
ini
ti
ons:
-

1)Test
ingfi
xedbugstoensurebugsarereall
yfi
xedornot .
2)Test
ingchangedfeat
urest
ocheckchangesar eeffect
iveornot.
3)ReExecuti
ngprev
iousbuil
dfai
ledtestcasestoinsuretestcasepass
ornot.

Regr
essi
onTest
ingdef
ini
ti
ons:
-

1)Testi
ngoldfeat
uresinanewbuild.
2)Testi
ngunchangedf eat
urestoinsurebecauseofmodi
fi
cat
ionsi
ts
aff
ectedornot.
3)ReExecuti
ngpreviousbui
ldpasstestcasesi
nnewbui
l
d.

Que90)Whyshoul
dweper
for
mregr
essi
ont
est
ing?

→ 1)Chancesar
ethei
rol
dfeat
uref
unct
ional
i
tymi
ghtgetaf
fect
edbecause
off
ixi
ngbugs.
2)Ifadev
eloperaddsanynewf
eat
ure,ol
dfeat
uref
unct
ional
i
tymi
ghtget
af
fect
ed.

Que91)Whatt
ypeoft
est
ingwi
l
lper
for
minr
egr
essi
on?

→ Anytype oft
est
ing per
for
med on ol
dfeat
ures wi
l
lbe t
ermed as
r
egr
essi
on.

Que92)Whatt
ypeoft
est
ingwi
l
lyouper
for
m aut
omat
ion?

→ Regr
essi
on.

Que93)Doweneedt
otestal
lol
dfeat
uresi
nthenewbui
l
d?

→ No,I
tdependsuponf
ixedbugsandnewl
yaddedf
eat
urer
elat
ionswi
th
ol
dfeat
ures.

Que94)Expl
ainTy
pesofr
egr
essi
ont
est
ing.

→ Ther
ear
ebasi
cal
l
ythr
eet
ypesofr
egr
essi
ont
est
ingasf
oll
ows:

1)Uni
tregr
essi
ont
est
ing:

Test
ing unchanged f eature f
unct
ional
it
y t o
ensurebecauseoffi
xi
ngabugi nonef unct
ional
i
t yotherf
unct
ional
i
tiesof
thesamef eat
urear
eaff
ectedornot
.

Youneedr
egr
essi
ont
est
ingt
obeper
for
medoni
ndependent
f
eat
ures.

2)Regi
onalr
egr
essi
ont
est
ing:
-

Testi
ngr
elat
edfeat
urest
oinsur
ebecause
off
ixi
ngbugsi
tsr
elat
edf
eatur
eaf
fect
edornot.

3)Ful
lregr
essi
ont
est
ing:
-

Test
ing al
lol
dfeat
ures i
n a bui
l
d ort
est
ing
compl
eteappl
i
cat
ion.
Que95)Whenweshoul
dper
for
mful
lregr
essi
ont
est
ing?

→ 1)Bef
orer
eal
i
singt
hepr
oductt
othecust
omer
.

2)I
fanycr
it
ical
feat
uref
unct
ional
i
tyi
schanged.

Que96)Howwi
l
lyoui
dent
if
yrel
ated/ol
dfeat
urest
hatneedt
oper
for
m on
r
egressi
on?

→ 1)Basedondomai
nknowl
edge.

2)Bypr
epar
ingani
mpactanal
ysi
smat
ri
x.

3)Byconduct i
nganimpactanal
ysi
smeeti
nginthismeeti
ng,thet
esti
ng
team wil
ldiscusschangesmadeinthenew bui
l
dandi dent
if
iesal
lthe
feat
uresthatneedt
obeperfor
medwithr
egr
essi
ontest
ing.

Que97)Whati
sani
mpactanal
ysi
smat
ri
x?

→It
'sadocumentwhi
chexpl
ainshowbugsf
ixedf
eat
ureswi
l
limpactot
her
f
eat
ures.

Que98)Di
ff
erencebet
weensmokeandsani
tyt
est
ing.

→ Smoket
est
ing:
-

1) I
t’
s buil
d v er
if
icat
ion test
ing wher
e al
lfeat
ures
f
unct
ional
i
tywi
ll
betest
edbefor
eacceptingt
hebuil
d.

2)I
nsmokeweper
for
m onl
yposi
ti
vet
est
ing.

3)Smoket
est
ingi
sscr
ipt
ed.

4)I
t’
swi
deandshadow.

Sani
tyt
est
ing:
-

1) It
’s bui
ld v
eri
fi
cati
on test
ing where cr
it
icalfeat
ures
f
unct
ional
i
tywi
llbetest
edcomplet
elybef
oreaccept
ingt
hebuild.
2)I
nsani
tyweper
for
m posi
ti
veandnegat
ivet
est
ing.

3)Sani
tyt
est
ingi
sunscr
ipt
ed.

4)I
t'
snar
rowanddeep.

Que99)Whati
ssani
tyt
est
ing?

→ Defini
ti
on 1):
It
’s buil
dv er
ifi
cati
on test
ing wher
e cri
ti
calfeat
ures
f
unct
ional
it
ywil
lbetestedcomplet
elybef
oreaccepti
ngthebui
ld.

Defi
niti
on 2)
:It
’s bui
l
dv eri
ficat
ion t
est
ing wher
e cr
it
icalf
lows i
n ol
d
feat
uresar
etest
edbeforeaccepti
ngthebuil
d.

I
t’
ssi
mil
art
oregr
essi
ont
est
ing.

Defi
niti
on3):It
’ssi
mil
artoful
lregressi
ontest
ingwher
ecri
ti
calf
lowsi
nold
feat
ureswi l
lbe test
ed completel
ybef or
ereali
si
ng t
he pr
oducttothe
customer.

Defi
nit
ion4):I
t’
sbui
ldver
if
icat
iontest
ingwher
enewf
eat
uresf
unct
ional
i
ty
wil
lbetest
edbefor
eaccepti
ngthebuil
d.

*
#--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-Sect
- ion-
3--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-#*

Que100)Whati
sSDLC?

→ It'
sapr ocedur
ef ol
l
owed byanI
T or
gani
sat
ionorpr
ojectt
eam t
o
dev
elopanappli
cat
ion.

Que101)Whydi
dwer
equi
reSDLC?

→ Todevel
opsoft
wareI
Torgani
sati
onswilldependoncost,costandti
me.
I
fwef ocusonanytwofact
orsotherfact
orswi l
lshow sev
er eimpacton
pr
oductdevel
opment
.
 Toopt
imi
zeal
ltheset
hreef
act
orsweuseSDLC.

Que102)Expl
ainst
agesi
nSDLC.

→ St
age1(
Requi
rementcol
l
ect
ion)
:

1)ITorgani
sati
onsareclassif
iedint
oserv
icebaseandproductbase.
2)Inservi
cebasedor ganisat
ioncustomerwillpr
epar
eCRSdocument
andsendi ttobusi
nessanal ystandbusinessanal
ystwil
lconver
tit
i
ntoSRS.

CRS:
Itexpl
ainscust
omerbusi
ness

SRS:
Itexpl
ainshowsof
twar
eneedst
obedev
eloped.

FRS:
Itexpl
ainshoweachf
eat
ureshoul
dwor
k.

3)I
n product based or
gani
sat
ions product anal
yst
s wi
l
l gat
her
r
equi
rementsbyanal
ysi
ngmarketsi
tuat
ions.

St
age2(Feasi
bil
it
ySt
udy
):

Inthi
sstageor
gani
sati
onwillest
imat
eor
anal
ysecustomerneedsanddeci
dewhet
heri
tispossi
bletodev
elop
anappl
icat
ionornot.

Int
hismeeti
ngorgani
sati
onwi
l
lest
imat
ethenumber
ofr
esour
cesr
equi
red,
cost
,dur
ati
on,et
c.

St
age3(Desi
gn)
:

I
nthisstagearchi
tect
sand seniordeveloper
sare
i
nvolv
ed.The main purpose ofdesign i
st o make dev el
oper
s
under
standwhatki
ndofsoft
wareneedstobedeveloped.

Desi
gni
scl
assi
fi
edi
nto:

1)Hi
ghl
evel
desi
gn:
-
 I
texpl
ainsi
ndet
ail
eachcomponent.

2)Lowl
evel
desi
gn:
-

I
texpl
ainsi
ndet
ail
eachcomponent
.

3)Det
ail
lev
eldesi
gn:
-

I
texpl
ainseachcomponent
'
slogi
calsequence/
f
low.

St
age4(Codi
ng)
:

Inthi
sstagethedev
eloperwil
ldevel
opfew f
eat
uresand
per
for
m WBTandsendthepr
oducttothet
esti
ngteam.

St
age5(
Test
ing)
:

I
nthisst
aget
het
est
erwi
l
ltestpr
oducti
dent
if
iesbugsand
sendi
ttodev
eloper
s.

St
age6(
Inst
all
ati
on)
:

Int
hisstageseniordeveloperorreal
i
seengineeror
i
nstal
l
ati
on engi
neeralli
nvolv
ed.We need t o expl
ainthe i
nst
all
ati
on
pr
ocesstocust
omersandhowt ousesof
tware.

St
age7(
Mai
ntenance)
:

Proj
ectmanagerwi
l
lar
rangeamai
ntenancet
eam t
o
mai
ntai
nthepr
oductforacer
tai
nperi
od.

Thi
smai ntenanceteam wi
l
lresol
vecust
omerpr
obl
emsandadd
newf
eat
uresifcustomerrequir
ementschange.

Que103)Whati
sthecostoff
ixi
ngbugs?

→ I
twi
l
lbedeci
dedbasedont
henumberoft
eamsi
nvol
vedi
nfi
xi
ngbug.
 1)Expensi
ve:
-Tofi
xbugsthewholeproj
ectt
eam i
sinvol
ved.
2)Moderate:
-Tofi
xbugsmorethantwoteamsareinv
olv
ed.
3)Low:-Tofi
xbugsonlyt
woteamsar ei
nvol
ved.

Que 104):Whati
s a wat
erf
allmodel
,and expl
ain adv
ant
ages and
di
sadvant
ages.

→ 1) Wat er
fal
lmodeli sat raditi
onaland ol
d modelfoll
owed by
organisat
ionstodevel
opappli
cati
ons.Inthismodelappl
i
cati
onwillbe
developedindesi
gnt
op-downapproach.

2)Todevel
opthestage,thepr
evi
ousst
ageneedst
obecompl
eted100%
andi
tshoul
dbefreezed.

3)Wecan’
tmakeanychangest
othepr
evi
ousst
age.

Adv
ant
ages:
-

1)Si
mplemodel t
odevelopappl
i
cat
ion.
2)Pr
ojectcostwi
llbel
ess.

Di
sadv
ant
ages:
-

1)Developersar
einvol
vedintesti
ngappli
cat
ions.
2)Backtracki
ngisnotpossi
ble.
3)Costoff i
xi
ngbugsisexpensive.
4)Requirementanddesigni
ngstagesarenottest
ed.
5)Productcostmightgetaff
ected.

Que105)Whenshoul
dweuset
hewat
erf
all
model
?

→ 1)I
fCust
omerf
reezer
equi
rement
.

2)Forashor
tter
m pr
oject
.

Que106)Whati
sbackt
racki
ng?
→ Changing r
equi
rement
sfr
equent
lybycust
omeras perr
equi
rement
changes.

Que107)Whydev
elopershoul
dnotper
for
mtest
ing?

→ 1)Chancesar
ethei
rdev
eloper
smaydoonl
yposi
ti
vet
est
ing.

2)Becauseofov
erconf
idencef
ew dev
eloper
smaynotper
for
m ef
fect
ive
test
ing.

3)Fewdev
eloper
smi
ghtut
il
izei
ttodev
elopappl
i
cat
ions.

Que108)Expl
ainSpi
ral
model
andadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
agesal
so.

→ 1)I
nthi
smodel
appl
i
cat
ionwi
l
lbedev
elopedi
nst
ages.

2)Thecust
omerwi
l
lpr
epar
easetAr
equi
rementandsendi
ttoabusi
ness
anal
yst
.

3)BAwil
lpr
epar
eanSRSdocumentf
orsetAandsendi
ttot
hedesi
gni
ng
team.

4)Archit
ectand seni
ordevel
operwi
llcreat
e HLD and LLD f
orsetA
requi
rementandsendi
ttot
hedevel
opi
ngteam.

5)Devel
operwi
l
ldev
elopt
hepr
oducti
nbui
l
dwi
seandsendi
ttot
het
est
ing
team.

6)Onceallf
eat
uresi
nsetA ar
edev
eloped,r
eleaset
hepr
oductt
othe
cust
omer
.

7)Cust omers wi
llst
artusi
ng t
his sof
twar
e and st
ore a new setof
requi
rementsfort
heproj
ectt
eam.

Adv
ant
ages:
-

1)Backt
racki
ngi
spossi
ble.
2)Complexappl
i
cat
ionscanbedevel
opedi
nst
ages.
3)Wecanexpecthi
ghquali
typr
oduct
s.
Di
sadv
ant
ages:
-

1)Testi
ngphaseisi
nvol
vedonlyaf
tercodi
ng.
2)I
niti
alst
agesli
ker
equir
ementanddesignar
enott
est
ed.
3)Costoffi
xi
ngbugsisexpensi
ve.

Que109)Whenshoul
dweuset
heSpi
ral
model
?

→ 1)I
facust
omeri
sexpect
ingapr
oductwi
thi
nashor
tper
iod.

2)I
fcust
omer
swantt
ogi
ver
equi
rement
sinst
ages.

3)Forcompl
exandl
ongt
erm pr
oject
s.

Que110)Expl
ainPr
oto-
typemodelandadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
ages
al
so.

→ 1)I
nthi
smodelthecust
omerwi
l
lpr
epar
erequi
rementdocument
sand
sendi
ttot
hepr
ojectt
eam.

2)Desi
gni
ngt eam wi
llconv
ertt
her
equi
rementdocumenti
ntopr
otot
ype
i
mages/Wiref
rames.

3)Thi
swiref
rameswil
lbesharedwiththecust
omeri
fthecust
omerwant
s
tomakeanychangesati
nit
ial
stagecanbedone.

4)Oncewi
ref
ramesar
eappr
oved,act
ualappl
i
cat
iondev
elopmentwi
l
l
st
art
.

Adv
ant
ages:

1)Attheini
tialst
ageonlywecansetexpect at
ionsforcust omersabout
soft
ware.
2)Goodcommuni cat
ionbetweencustomerandpr oj
ectteam.
3)Productcanbedev el
opedaspercustomerexpectations.
4)Customerscanmaker equi
rementchangesattheini
tialstage.

Di
sadv
ant
ages:
 1)Actualapplicat
iondev elopmentwil
lbedelay
ed.
2)I
niti
al i
nvestmentishi gh.
3)Projectdurati
onwi l
lincrease.
4)Costoff i
xingbugsi smoder ate.
5)Requirementcol l
ecti
onanddesi gnstagesarenott
est
ed.

Que111)Whenshoul
dweuseapr
otot
ypemodel
?

→ 1)I
fthecust
omerhasexpect
ati
onspr
oduct
.

2)I
fthedev
eloperknewt
odomai
n.

3)I
fthecust
omeri
snotcl
earaboutbusi
nessr
equi
rement
s.

Que112)Expl
ainV-
Vmodel
andadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
agesal
so.

→ 1)Cust
omerwi
l
lpr
epar
etheCRSandsendi
ttot
het
est
ingt
eam.

2)Testi
ng t
eam wil
lr evi
ew CRS,ident
if
y mi
stakes,pr
epar
erev
iew
document
sandsendi
ttothecust
omer
.

3)Customer
s wil
lmodi
fythe CRS documentand shar
ethe modi
fi
ed
documentwi
thBAandt
heTest
ingteam.

4)Bawillconver
tCRSt oSRSandt
het
est
ingt
eam wi
l
lpr
epar
eaccept
ance
test
ingt
estplan,t
estcases.

5)BAwi
l
lshar
etheSRSdocumentt
othet
est
ingt
eam.

6)Test
ingt
eam wi
l
lrev
iewSRSandsendmi
stakest
oBA.

7)BAwi
l
lmodi
fySRSandshar
eitwi
tht
hear
chi
tectandt
est
ingt
eam.

8)Ar
chit
ectwillpr
epar
etheHLDandt
het
est
ingt
eam wi
l
lpr
epar
ethet
est
pl
an,
testcases.

9)Ar
chit
ectwi
llshar
etheHLDwit
hthetest
ingt
eam whi
chwi
l
lber
evi
ewed
andmist
akeswil
lbesentt
othear
chi
tect
.
10)Archi
tectwil
lmodif
ytheHLDandshar
ethedocumentwi
tht
heseni
or
devel
oper
, t
est
ingteam.

11)Seniordevel
operswillconvertHLDtoLLDandt het
est
ingt
eam wi
l
l
prepar
eintegr
ati
ontest
ingtestplansandt
estcases.

12)Seniordev
eloperswi
llshar
eLLD tothet est
ingt eam whi
chwi
l
lbe
rev
iewedandmistakeswi
l
lbesharedt
oseniordevelopers.

13)Modi
fi
edLLDwi
l
lbeshar
edwi
tht
hedev
elopmentt
eam andt
est
ing
team.

14)Developerwil
ldeveloptheappli
cati
onandt
het
est
ingt
eam wi
l
lpr
epar
e
afunct
ionaltest
ingtestplanandtestcase.

15)Aft
erwhi
teboxt
est
ingt
hedev
eloperwi
l
lsendt
hebui
l
dtot
het
est
ing
team.

16)Byr ef
erri
ng totestcasest
het
est
ing t
eam wi
l
lper
for
m BBT l
i
ke
Funct
ional
,I
ntegr
ati
on.

17)Oncesf eat
uresarecompl
etel
ydev
eloped af
teraccept
ancer
eal
i
se
productt
othecustomer
.

Adv
ant
ages:

1)Costoffi
xingbugsi slow.
2)Backtr
ackingispossible.
3)Overal
lprojectcosti
sless.
4)Testi
ngteam isinvol
vedinever
yst
age.

Di
sadv
ant
ages:
-

1)Toomuchdocumentati
on.
2)I
nit
ial
inv
est
mentishigh.

Que113)Whenshoul
dweuset
heVandVmodel
?

→ 1)Forl
ongt
erm pr
oject
s.
2)I
fthecust
omerexpect
sahi
ghqual
i
typr
oduct
.

Que114)Expl
ainAgi
l
emodel
andadv
ant
agesanddi
sadv
ant
agesal
so.

→ 1)Agi
l
eist
hecombi
nat
ionofwat
erf
all
model
andspi
ral
model
.

2) An agil
e modelappl
i
cat
ion wi
l
lbe dev
eloped by usi
ng scr
um
methodol
ogy.

Scrum:Itsfr
amewor korpr
ocedur
efol
l
owedbyscr
um t
eam t
odev
elop
appli
cat
ionspr
int
wise.

a)Customerorst ackhol derwi llpr epar ear equir

ementdocumentor
userst ori
esorepi csandsendi ttot hebusi nessanalyser/pr oduct
owner .
b)BAwi llprepareSRSdocument s.
c)Stand up meet i
ng wi llbe conduct ed bet ween stack holderand
productowner .
d)Inthismeet i
ngst ackhol derwi l
lpr i
or iti
zeuserst or
ies.
e)Productowner spr epar edocument sasperst ackhol derpr i
or it
ies
order.I.
e.productbackl og.
f)Productbackl ogwi l
lbeshar edwi tht hescr um team.
g)Scrum team wi l
lsplitproductbackl ogi ntospr i
ntbacklogs.
h)Eachspr i
ntdocumentwi llcont ainatl eastoft asksoruserst ories
thatneedt obecompl etedi nt hespr int.
i
)To dev elop a spr i
ntscr um t eam wi l
lconducta spr intanal ysis
meet i
ng.
j
)I nthismeet ingt hescr um t eam wi llconductdeci desspr i
ntdur ati
on
bydividingeachuserst or yintot i
cket soruni ts.
k)Designing,codi ngandt est ingphasewi l
lexecut eparall
elytodev el
op
thespr i
nt.
l
)Ev erydayscr um mast erwi llconductadai lystandupmeet ingor
scrum meet ing.
m)Inthismeet ingev eryt eam membershoul dexplainwhatt heydi d
yesterday,whatt hedi fficultiesf aceandwhatt heywi l
ldot oday.
n)Attheendoft hespr i
ntscr um mast erwi llconductaspr intexecut ion
 meet ing.
o)Int hismeet ingt hescrum team wi l
lgivealivedemoonspr intt o
cust omer s.
p)Ifthecust omeri ssati
sfi
ed,theproductshoul
dbeshi ft
ed.
q)Bef oredev el
opingt henextspri
ntscrum masterwillconductasprint
retrospectmeet ing.
r)Ever yt eam membershoul d expl
ain anydiff
icul
ties f
aced i
nt he
prev iousspri
nt.
s)Allt hedi f
fi
cult
ieswi l
lbedocument edandi denti
fysoluti
onsthati n
thenextspr i
ntdev el
opmentscrum team shoul
dnotf acedif
fi
cul
ties.

Adv
ant
ages:
-

1)Backtr
acki
ngispossible.
2)Costoffi
xingbugsislow.
3)Goodcommuni cat
ionbetweencust omerandorganisat
ion.
4)Customerscaneasil
ytrackappli
cati
onprogr
ess.
5)Customerscanusethepr oductwit
hinashortper
iod.

Di
sadv
ant
ages:
-

1)Toomuchdocument ati
on.
2)I
nit
iali
nvest
mentishigh.
3)Appli
cat
iondev
elopmentwill
bedel
ayed.

Que115)Whati
sscr
um?

→ It
sframeworkorprocedur
efol
l
owedbyt
hescr
um t
eam t
odev
elop
appl
i
cat
ionspr
int
wise.

Que116)Whati
sspr
int
?

→I t
'st
het
imedur
ati
ont
akenbyt
hescr
um t
eam t
odev
elopaf
ew user
st
ori
es.

Spr
intdur
ati
onwi
l
lbe1weekt
o4week.

Que117)Whenshoul
dweuseAgi
l
e?
→ 1)Foral
ongt
erm pr
oject
.

2)I
fthecust
omeri
snotcl
earaboutr
equi
rement
s.

3)I
facust
omeri
sexpect
ingapr
oductwi
thi
nashor
tper
iod.

Que118)Whati
saBur
n-Downchar
t?

→I t
'
sadocumentwhi
chexpl
ainsnoofuni
tsofwor
kscr
um t
eamsneedt
o
complet
eperday
.

Que119)Whati
saHy
bri
dmodel
?

→I
t’
scombi
nat
ionoft
womodel
s-

I
.e.Spi
ral
+pr
otot
ype,
v&v+Pr
otot
ype,
etc.

Que120)Whati
ssy
stem t
est
ing?

→ It
’sEnd t
o End t
est
ing per
formed whent
het
est
ing env
ironmenti
s
si
mil
art
oproduct
ionenv
ironment.

Que121)Whati
sEndt
oEndt
est
ing?

→ Navi
gati
ngthr
oughal
lfeat
uresandchecki
ng endf
eat
uref
unct
ional
i
ty
wor
kingornot
.

Que122)Whyshoul
dweper
for
m sy
stem t
est
ing?

→ 1)Toav
oidl
ossi
ncust
omerbusi
ness.

2)Tocheckwhet
herdev
elopi
ngsof
twar
esuppor
tscust
omerbusi
nessor
not
.

Que123)Whenweshoul
dper
for
m sy
stem t
est
ing?

→ 1)Af
terf
unct
ional
andi
ntegr
ati
ont
est
ing.

2)Whent
het
est
ingenv
ironmenti
ssi
mil
art
othepr
oduct
ionenv
ironment
.

3)Whent
hemi
nimum numberofmodul
esorf
eat
uresi
sfunct
ionali
s
st
abl
e.

Que124)Whati
stheenv
ironment
?Expl
aini
tst
ypes.

→ It
’ssetupwhi
chcont
ainsser
ver
,har
dwar
e,net
wor
kinganddat
abase
conf
igur
ati
on.

Ty
pesofenv
ironment
:

1)Dev
elopmentenv
ironment
:-

I
ts setup contai
ns a ser
ver used by t
he
dev
elopmentt
eam t
odevelopappl
i
cati
ons.

2)Test
ingEnv
ironment
:-

I
tsset
upcont
ainsaser
verwher
ethet
est
ingt
eam
t
est
stheappl
i
cat
ion.

3)UATEnv
ironment
:-

I
tsset
upcont
ainsaser
verwher
ecust
omer
swi
l
l
per
for
m accept
ancet
esti
ng.

4)Pr
oduct
ionEnv
ironment
:-

I
ts set
up whi
ch contai
n ser
ver wi
th huge
conf
igur
ati
onwher
eenduser
swill
uset
heappl
icat
ion.

Que125)Whytest
ingenv
ironmentshoul
dbesi
mil
art
othepr
oduct
ion
env
ironment
?

→ Chancesar
etheirfeat
ureswhichareworkingi
nat est
ingenv
ironment
maynotworki
ngproducti
onenvi
ronmentbecauseofpr
oducti
onchanges.

Toav
oidt
hisweneedt
omai
ntai
nast
agi
ngenv
ironment
.

Que126)Whati
sthest
agi
ngEnv
ironment
?

→ I
t’
s set
up whi
ch cont
ains conf
igur
ati
on si
mil
ar t
o pr
oduct
ion
env
ironment
.

I
t’
spr
ovi
dedbyacust
omer
.

Que126)Whati
sbugr
elease?

→ Bugident
if
iedt
est
erbyt
est
ernotf
ixedbydev
eloperandknownby
cust
omer.

Que127)Whati
srel
ease?

→ Timetakenbytheproj
ectt
eam t
ogatherrequir
ement
s,dev
elopand
t
estf
ormult
ipl
ebui
l
ds,del
iv
erpr
oduct
stocust
omer s.

Forever
yproj
ectwil
lhavemul
ti
pler
eleasesi
nev
eryr
eleasepr
oductwi
l
lbe
test
edformul
ti
plebuil
ds.

Que128)Whenshoul
dwer
eleasepr
oduct
stocust
omer
s?

→ 1)Whenal
lfeat
uresar
ecompl
etel
ydev
eloped.

2)Nocr
it
ical
/bl
ockerandmaj
orbugs.

3)Fewmi
norbugsar
eaccept
abl
e.

4)Sy
stem t
est
ing/Cust
omerbusi
nessf
lowsshoul
dwor
kfi
ne.

Que129)Whati
saccept
ancet
est
ing?

→ Test
ingper
for
medbyt hecust
omert
ochecki
ftheappl
i
cat
ionsuppor
ts
cust
omerbusi
nessornot
.

Que130)Whenwi
l
lthecust
omerper
for
m accept
ancet
est
ing?

→ 1)Onceapr
oducti
sdel
i
ver
edt
othecust
omerbef
oremov
ingi
tto
pr
oduct
ion.

Que131)Whywi
l
lthecust
omerper
for
m accept
ancet
est
ing?

→ 1)Underbusi
nesspr
essur
ethepr
ojectt
eam mi
ghtr
eal
i
seapr
oduct
wi
thbugs.

2)Tochecki
ftheappl
i
cat
ionsuppor
tscust
omerbusi
nessornot
.

3)Toav
oidl
ossi
ncust
omerbusi
ness.

4)Chances aretheircustomermi ghtmiss one ortwo r

equi
rements
documentat
ion.Whi
leshari
ngr equi
rementsdocumentsatt
heinit
ialst
age
byper f
ormi
ngacceptancet esti
ng,customer
swi l
lgetachancet oadd
requi
rement
s.

Que132)Howwi
l
lthecust
omerper
for
m accept
ancet
est
ing?

→ 1)Toper
for
m accept
ancecust
omerwi
l
ltakehel
pof
-

a)Enduser
b)Byhir
ingi
tsowntest
ingteam.
c)Wit
hthehelpofasoftwar
esit
etest
ingt
eam.

Que133)Accept
ancet
est
ingdef
ini
ti
ons/
Appr
oaches:

Appr
oach1:

Iti
sendt oendtest
ingper
formedbyenduserbytaki
ngrealt
ime
busi
nesssi
tuat
ionsandchecksappl
icat
ionsuppor
tscust
omerbusi
nessor
not.

Appr
oach2:

Itisend to end t
est
ing per
for
med bycl
ientsi
tetest
ersby
ref
erri
ngt ouserdocumentsandchecksappli
cati
onsuppor
tscust
omers
businessornot
.

Appr
oach3:

I
tisendt oendtesti
ngperf
ormedbysoftwar
esitetest
erat
cl
ientsi
tebyrefer
ri
ngtouserdocument
sandchecksappl
i
cat
ionsuppor
ts
customerbusi
nessornot
.
Appr
oach4:

I
tisendtoendt est
ingper
for
medbysof t
waresit
etesterat
organi
sati
onlevelbyreferr
ingtouserdocumentandchecksappl
icat
ion
support
scustomerbusinessornot.

Que134)Whatt
ypeoft
est
ingper
for
medi
naccept
ance?

-
>Endt
oendt
est
ing.

Que 135)Whati sthe di

ff
erence bet
ween sy
stem end t
o end and
accept
anceendt
oend?

-
>Insy st
em endt oendsoft
waresitetest
ersbyref
err
ingtocust
omer
r
equi
rementchecksappl
i
cat
ionsuppor
tscust
omerbusi
nessornot
.

I
n accept
ance end to end byt
aki
ng r
ealt
ime busi
ness si
tuat
ion
appl
i
cati
onwill
betested.

Que136)Whati
sal
phat
est
ing?

-
>alphat
esti
ngisperf
ormedator
gani
sat
ionl
evelwher
edev
eloper
sand
t
est
ersar
einvol
ved.

Que137)Whati
sbi
tat
est
ing?

-
>Bi
tat
est
ingi
sper
for
medatcl
i
entsi
tewher
eenduser
sar
einv
olv
ed.

Que138)Whati
sdef
ectmaski
ng?

-
>Bugi nafeat
uref
uncti
onal
i
tywi
l
lrest
ri
ctt
est
ert
oident
if
ybugi
not
her
f
unct
ional
i
tyoft
hatf
eatur
e.

Unt
ilt
hatbugi
sfi
xedot
herbugscan’
tbei
dent
if
ybyt
est
er.

Que139)Whati
slat
entbug?

-
>Bugi
dent
if
iedbyt
est
er,
notf
ixbydev
eloper
,notknownt
ocust
omer
.

Que140)Whati
stestbed?
-
>It
’scombi
nat
ionoft
estdat
aandt
estenv
ironment
.

Que141)Whati
spat
ch?

-
>It
’spi
eceofsof
twar
ewhi
chcont
ainsmodi
fi
edpr
ogr
am ornewpr
ogr
am.

Que142)Whenweneedt
ocr
eat
epat
ch?

-
>1)Whenwei
dent
if
ybl
ockerbug.

2)Fornewf
eat
ure.

3)Toupdat
eappl
i
cat
ionsecur
it
y.

Que143)Whati
sdef
ectcl
ust
eri
ng?

->Def
ectclust
eringmeansdist
ri
buti
onofdefectwil
lnotbeunif
ormed
acr
ossthef
eaturebuti
twil
lbel
imit
edorcent
ali
sedi
naspeci
fi
cfeat
ure.

Adv
ant
agesofdef
ectcl
ust
eri
ng:

1)Test
ercanimpr ov
et estef
fi
ciency.
2)Test
ingteam canidenti
fymor enoofbugs.

Que144)Whati
shot
spot
?

->Whil
etest
ingasatesterweneedtoobser
vewhi
chf
eat
urecr
eat
esmor
e
no.ofbugst
hatareknownashotspot
s.

Que145)Whati
spest
ici
depar
adox?

-
>Pesti
cidepar
adoxmeansexecuti
ngsamet estcaseorsamei
nput
sfor
mul
ti
plet
imeswill
dropdef
ectnumbersorcount
.

Que146)Whati
sbugl
eakage?

-
>Bugi
dent
if
iedbyenduserorcust
omerwhi
l
eusi
ngappl
i
cat
ion.

Que147)Whati
shotf
ix?

-
>Ti
met
akenbypr
ojectt
eam t
ofi
xenduser/cust
omeri
dent
if
iedbug.
Hotf
ixdur
ati
onwi
l
lbe1hr
-1daybasedonbugsev
eri
ty.

Que148)Whenweshoul
dregr
essi
ont
est
ing?

-
>Inr
elease1r
egr
essi
onwi
l
lst
art
s.

-Fr
om bui
l
d2onwar
dsf
rom nextr
eleaser
egr
essi
onwi
l
lst
artf
rom bui
l
d.

Que149)Whati
scompat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing?

-
>Testi
ngappl
i
cat
ionsi
nmul
ti
pleoper
ati
ngsy
stemsusi
ngbr
owserand
v
ersi
ons.

Que150)Whydoweneedt
oper
for
m compat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing?

-
>1)Toav
oidl
ossi
ncust
omerbusi
ness.

2)I
ftheapplicat
ioni
snotwor
kingi
nmul
ti
plebr
owser
sthennoofuser
s
mi
ght r educe.

3)Chancesar
etheirnegat
ivei
mpactorbadr
eput
ati
onwi
l
lspr
eadt
o
cust
omerbusi
ness.

Que151)Whenweneedt
oper
for
m compat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing?

-
>1)Oncet
hest
agi
ngenv
ironmenti
ssetup.

2)Oncet
heappl
i
cat
ioni
scompl
etel
yst
abl
eint
hebasepl
atf
orm.

3)Bef
orer
eleasi
ngpr
oduct
stocust
omer
s.

Que152)Whatt
ypeoft
est
ingwi
l
lbeper
for
medwhi
l
edoi
ngcompat
ibi
l
ity
?

-
>Wecanperform anytypeoftest
ingbuti
tconsumesmor
eti
mesomai
nly
weper
for
m onlysystem t
est
ing.

Que153)Whatar
ety
pesofcompat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing?

-
>1)For
war
dcompat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing:
-

Test
ingappl
i
cat
ioni
nlat
entv
ersi
on.
2)Backwar
dcompat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing:
-

Test
ingappl
i
cat
ioni
nol
derv
ersi
on.

Que154)Howt
oper
for
m compat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ing?

-
>Appr
oach1:

I
nthisappr
oachtestl
eadwil
lassi
gncompleteappl
icat
ionto
test
ingteam.Eachtest
erneedtoper
for
m compat
ibi
l
itytest
inganassign
plat
for
m.

Appr
oach2:

Inthi
sappr oachmult
ipl
eplatf
ormswillbeprovi
dedt oeach
t
est
erandcompati
bil
i
tytest
ingwi
llbeper
formedonassi
gnedfeat
ures.

Appr
oach3:

BYusingacompat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ingt
ooll
i
kebr
owserst
ackv
m mor
e
sof
twar
eisused.

Que155)Doweneedt
oper
for
m compat
ibi
l
ityt
est
ingonev
eryappl
i
cat
ion?

->No,compati
bil
i
tytest
ingwi
l
lbedeci
dedbasedonsof
twareusesbyt he
cust
omer.Ifaproducti
susedwit
hinor
gani
sati
oncompat
ibi
li
tytest
ingis
notr
equir
ed.

Ifsof
twar
eis used out
side or
gani
sat
ion t
he compat
ibi
l
ityi
s
mandat
ory
.

Que156)Whati
sdef
ectt
ri
age?

-
>It
'sameet
ingconduct
edbyt
hepr
ojectt
eam t
opr
ior
it
izebugs.

Que157)Whati
sgl
obal
i
sat
iont
est
ing?

->Devel
opi
ngappl
i
cat
ionsi
nmul
ti
plel
anguagesi
sknownasgl
obal
i
se
appl
i
cati
on.
 Test
ingappl
i
cat
ionf
ormul
ti
plel
anguagesi
sknownasgl
obal
i
sat
ion
t
est
ing.

Que158)Whydoweneedt
oper
for
m gl
obal
i
sat
iont
est
ing?

->1)Chancesarethereifappl
i
cat
ioncont
enti
snotdi
spl
ayedpr
oper
ly
user
smightfacedi
ff
icul
ty.

2)Tov
eri
fyt
hecor
rectcont
entdi
spl
ayedatt
her
ightpl
aceornot
.

3)Tov
eri
fysel
ect
edl
anguagecont
entdi
spl
ayedornot
.

Que159)Whenweneedt
oper
for
m gl
obal
i
sat
iont
est
ing?

-
>1)Whent
hest
agi
ngenv
ironmenti
spr
ovi
ded.

2)When appl
icat
ion i
s st
abl
ein base l
anguage and bef
orer
eleasi
ng
pr
oductt
oproduct
ion.

Que160)Whatar
ethet
ypesofgl
obal
i
sat
iont
echni
que?

-
>1)I
18N:
(I
nter
nat
ional
i
sat
ion)

Inthi
stypewewillcheckasperl
anguagesel
ect
ionanyf
eat
ure
f
unct
ional
i
tychangedornot
.

2)L10N:
(Local
i
sat
ion)

Appl
i
cat
ion cont
entmi
ghtchange as persel
ect
ed count
ry
st
andar
ds.

Que161)Whati
sper
for
mancet
est
ing?

-
>Def
ini
ti
on1:
)Test
ingspeedorr
esponset
imef
orappl
i
cat
ionf
eat
ures.

ResponseTime:Totalt
imet akenbysy st
em t
osendrequesttoserver+
Timetakenbyser
vertoanal
yser equest
+Timet
akenbyser
vertoresponse
tosyst
em.

Def
ini
ti
on2)
:Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbyappl
yi
nghugel
oad.
Que162)Whydoweneedt
oper
for
m per
for
mancet
est
ing?

-
>1)Tov
eri
fyappl
i
cat
ionsust
enancel
oadchangesornot
.

2)Tocheckappl
i
cat
ionr
esponsi
venessandscal
abi
l
ity
.

3)Toi
dent
if
ythecr
ashpoi
nt.

4)Toi
dent
if
ybot
tl
enecks.

5)Toav
oidl
ossi
ncust
omerbusi
ness.

Que163)Whenweper
for
m per
for
mancet
est
ing?

-
>1)Oncesappl
i
cat
ioni
scompl
etel
yst
abl
e.

2)Whenst
agi
ngenv
ironmenti
spr
ovi
ded.

Que164)Whatar
ethet
ypesofper
for
mancet
est
ing?

>1)LoadTest
- ing:
-

Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbyappl
yi
ngl
oadl
ess
t
hanmaxi
mum l
oad.

2)St
ressTest
ing:
-

Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbyappl
yi
ngl
oadgr
eat
er
t
hanmaxi
mum l
oad.

3)Soak/Endur
ancet
est
ing:
-

Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbyappl
yi
ngl
oad
f
orat
imi
ngper
iod.

4)Spi
keTest
ing:
-

Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbysuddeni
ncr
easi
ngand
decr
easi
ngt
hel
oad.

5)Vol
umeTest
ing:
-
 Test
ingst
abi
l
ityofanappl
i
cat
ionbyt
ransf
err
ingt
hedat
a.

Que165)whati
sexpl
orat
oryt
est
ing?

->EXPLORATORYTESTI NGisat ypeofsof t

waretestingwhereTestcases
arenotcreatedinadvancebuttesterscheckthesy stem onthefl
y.They
maynot edowni deasaboutwhattot estbef
oretestexecuti
on.Thefocus
ofexplor
ator
ytesti
ngismoreontestingasa" t
hinki
ng"activi
ty

Que166)whati
susabi
l
ityt
est
ing?

->Checkhoweasil
ytheendusersareabl
etounder
standandoper
atet
he
appl
icat
ioni
scal
l
edusabil
it
ytest
ing.

Que167)Whati
sthet
estpl
an?

-
>Adocumentdescr
ibi
ngt
hescope,
appr
oach,
resour
cesandschedul
eof
t
est
ingact
ivi
ty.

Adet
ailofhowthet
estwil
lproceed,whowil
ldothet
est
ing,
whatwil
lbe
t
ested,
inhowmucht i
met hetestwil
ltakepl
ace,
andtowhatqual
it
ylevel
t
estwil
lbeperfor
med.

Que168)Whati
snon-
funct
ional
test
ing?

-
>Non-
funct
ionalt
est
ingi
sat
ypeofsof
twar
etest
ingt
otestnon-
funct
ional
par
amet
ers such as r
eli
abi
li
ty,Secur
it
y,l
oad t
est
,per
for
mance and
account
abi
li
tyoft
hesof
twar
e.Thepr
imar
ypur
poseofnon-
funct
ionalt
est
ing
i
stot
estt
her
eadi
ngspeedoft
hesof
twar
esy
stem aspernon-
funct
ional
par
amet
ers.Thepar
amet
ersofnon-
funct
ionalt
est
ingar
enev
ert
est
edbef
ore
t
hef
unct
ional
test
ing.

Que169)Ex
plai
nst
agesofSTLCi
ndet
ail
.

-
>Sy
stem st
udy
•

I
nthi
sst
agewer
eadr
equi
rment
s..
..
..
.

under
standr
eqi
rement
s..
..
..
..

i
fanyqui
ereswecont
actt
oourdev
eloper
s,SMEorcust
omer
.

Ther
equi
rement
scanbei
nanyoft
hef
oll
owi
ngf
orms,

CRS(
Cust
omerRequi
rementSpeci
fi
cat
ion)

SRS(
Syst
em Requi
rementSpeci
fi
cat
ion)

FRS(
Funct
ional
requi
rementSpeci
fi
cat
ion)
/NFRS(
Nonf
unct
ional

Pr
epar
etestpl
an

I
sadocumentwhi
chder
ivesal
lfut
uret
est
ingact
ivi
ti
esoft
he

pr
oject
.

Al
lfut
uret
est
ingact
ivi
ti
esi
spl
annedandputi
ntoadocument
andt
hisdocumenti
sknownasTestPl
an.

I
tusual
ycont
ains–#.
Numberofengi
neer
sneededf
ort
he

pr
oject
,

#.
Whoshoul
dtestwhi
chf
eat
ure,

#.
Howt
hedef
ect
smustbecommuni
cat
ed

#.
Whenweshoul
dst
artandf
ini
shwr
it
ing

t
est
Cases,
#.Whatar
ethe

t
ypesoft
est
ing

ETC

Wr
it
etestcase

Sy
stem st
udy
I
dent
if
yal
lpossi
blet
estscenar
ios

Wr
it
etestcases

Rev
iewt
estcases

Fi
xther
evi
ewcomment
sofy
ourt
estcases

gi
venbyt
her
evi
ewer

TestCaseappr
oval

St
orei
tint
estcaser
eposi
tor
y

Tr
aceabi
l
ityMat
ri
x

I
tisadocumentwhi
chensur
est
hatev
ery

r
equi
rementhasgotatl
eastonet
estcase.

TheTr
aceabi
l
ityMat
ri
xisal
soknownas

RTM (
Requi
rementTr
aceabi
l
ityMat
ri
x)or

CRM (
CrossRef
erenceMat
ri
x).

TestEx
ecut
ion

•
•

Oncewear
esur
ethatev
eryr
equi
rmenthasgot

at
leatonet
est
case,

West
artourt
estex
ecut
ion.

I
nthi
sst
ageweex
ecut
eal
lourt
estcases.

Thi
siswher
eweTEar
epr
oduct
ivef
orour

or
gani
zat
ion.

Thi
siswher
eweconductal
lty
pesoft
est
ing.

Thi
swher
etestengspendsmax
imum t
imei
nthe

t
estl
i
fecy
cle.

Thi
siswher
ewecat
chl
otofbugs.

Def
ectt
racki
ng

I
fwear
eex
ecut
ingt
est
casesmeans,
def
inet
lywewi
l
lcat
chl
otofbugs.

Ev
erybugt
hatwecat
chshoul
dbe

r
epor
tedt
odev
p.

Andweshoul
dtr
acki
tinanor
gani
zed

mannert
hati
snot
hingbutdef
ectt
racki
ng.

TestEx
ecut
ionRepor
t

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

att
heendofev
eryt
est
cycl
e,wepr
epar
ea

doccal
l
edasTestex
ecut
ionr
epor
t.

i
tisadocumentwhi
chcov
ers
t
otal
numberoft
est
cases.

t
est
casesex
ecut
ed.

t
escasesnotex
ecut
ed.

t
otal
passedt
est
cases

t
otal
fai
l
edt
est
cases

pass%

f
ail
%

TestEx
ecut
ionRepor
t

wesendt
hisdoct
odev
,managmentand

cust
omer
.

t
hisi
stheendoft
hepr
ojectf
rom cust
omer

poi
ntofv
iew.

Butt
est
ingt
eam poi
ntofv
iewwehav
eone

mor
eact
ivi
tyt
hati
sret
rospectmeet
ing.

Ret
rospectmeet
ing
•

Al
socal
l
edPostMor
tem Meet
ing/Pr
ojectCl
osur
e

Meet
ing)

TheTestManagercal
l
sev
ery
onei
nthet
est
ingt
eam f
or

ameet
ingandaskst
hem

f
oral
i
stofmi
stakesandachi
evement
sint
hepr
oject
.

MI
STAKES(
Mist
akesi
nthe

Pr
ocess)

•ACHI
EVEMENTS(
good

pr
ocess/
procedur
e

f
oll
owed)

1)
ACHI
EVEMENTS(
good

pr
ocess/
procedur
e

f
oll
owed)

1)
Lastdayofeachcy
cle

gener
all
yswapedmodul
es

andt
est
ed
(shr
ikantpawar-
7219329080)

Qspi
derHadapsar

*
#*#*
#* ManualTest
#* ingEnd*
#*#*
#*#*