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Q1: GIS Definition: There Are Many Definitions Describe GIS Properties

The document contains the answers to 5 questions about GIS. Question 1 defines GIS and lists its key properties, including capturing, storing, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatial and non-spatial data. It notes that GIS is a superset of other information systems that allows analysis and visualization of data. Question 2 lists common questions that can be investigated using GIS related to location, condition, trend, routing and patterns. Question 3 states that the two main data structure models in GIS are vector and raster. Question 4 outlines types of spatial analysis like overlay, buffer and network analysis. Question 5 lists the major steps to build a GIS application, including determining objectives, building a database, performing analysis, and presenting results.

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80 views11 pages

Q1: GIS Definition: There Are Many Definitions Describe GIS Properties

The document contains the answers to 5 questions about GIS. Question 1 defines GIS and lists its key properties, including capturing, storing, manipulating, analyzing and displaying spatial and non-spatial data. It notes that GIS is a superset of other information systems that allows analysis and visualization of data. Question 2 lists common questions that can be investigated using GIS related to location, condition, trend, routing and patterns. Question 3 states that the two main data structure models in GIS are vector and raster. Question 4 outlines types of spatial analysis like overlay, buffer and network analysis. Question 5 lists the major steps to build a GIS application, including determining objectives, building a database, performing analysis, and presenting results.

Uploaded by

qe wr
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Answer of Midterm questions

Q1 : GIS Definition: there are many Definitions describe


GIS Properties :
 An Information System is designed to efficiently
Capture, Store ,Update, Manipulate, Analysis and
display spatial and non-spatial data.
 Effective Technology to capture ,Store, Compare,
Analyze, Display spatial data.
 Effective Technology ,to Manipulate, Analyze,
Display spatial data.
 Intelligent Maps to connect Database with
Geographic Maps.
Power of GIS that it is a super set of all information
systems in addition to Manipulation, analysis,and
visualization of information
GIS is a super set of all information systems as shown in
previous figure it is the intersection of all:
- Remote Sensing (RS).
- Computer Aided Design (CAD).
- Database Management System(DBMS).
- Computer Cartography

Q 2 :The basic questions that can be investigated using GIS


are :
 Location What is it………………………………...?
( To ask about some feature in certain location)
 Condition Where is it……….........................?
(To select location of service center with given
conditions)
 Trend What has changed…………………..?
(The change in population in last 5 years)
 Routing Which is the best way………….....?
(To ask about the best or cheapest or faster route to
certain place)
 Pattern What is the pattern……………......?
(pattern of incidences by certain diseases around
chemical factory)
 Modeling What if……………………………………..?
( Design mathematical , spatial models and

scenarios to solve some problem or to simulate


certain project as Bridge and study its
requirement effect)

Q 3 : The data structure model of GIS


Two alternative Data Structures for encoding maps :
1. The vector data model
2. The raster data model.
Q 4 : Spatial & Network analysis
The major spatial analysis we study until Midterm are:
-Overlay Analysis.
To manipulate a number of layers of information to create
new layer to solve spatial problem.
-Buffer Analysis.
To make buffer zone around certain object or feature to
realize a condition for example buffer for a point is circle
and for line loop around it and for area loop around it .

-Network Analysis
To determine the route from one object to another which
may be the shortest or cheapest or any requirements.

Overlay Analysis
Buffer Analysis

Network Analysis
Q 5: Major steps to build GIS application

Any GIS application design must flow the steps of designing


any normal information system in addition of using
characteristics of GIS we can follow these steps or any
Methodology if realize application objectives.
So student must choose any application (Bank, School,
Hospital,……) and apply the steps of design and mainly show
how to use properties of GIS.
steps to build GIS application:
 Determine the project objectives( analysis phase).
 Build the database.
 Select & Perform the analysis (analysis spatial ).
 Present the results of the analysis( Display &
Visualization).

 Determine the project objectives(Analysis).


Determine the project objectives which include :
 What is the problem to be solved ?How it is solved now?
 What are the final products of the Project(reports, maps,
charts,..)?
 Build the database.
The main steps for developing a digital database :
 Design the database
- Required data layers.
- What features are in each layers.
- What attributes each features type need.
 Automate the data
- Get the spatial data into the database (digitize, convert
data,…).
- Get the attribute data into the database (associated it with
the spatial features).
• Manage and Manipulate the database

 Analyze the data


Select type and tool of Analysis which realize the objectives of

your project .When you use spatial analysis : Buffer ,Overlay and

Network Analysis.

 Present the results of the analysis


GIS offers many options for creating customized maps and
reports .The final products(Maps,Reports,and Graphs) should
relate directly to the objectives of the project.
Base Map and sample of layers of information may be
used required :

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