HOLY CROSS OF DAVAO COLLEGE, INC.

Sta. Ana Avenue, Corner C, De Guzman St. Brgy. 4-B,

8000, Davao City, Philippines

LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 9

Prepared by: Jhezelane Grace J. Perez
BSED-Mathematics IV

I. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the Grade 9-Realme students will be able to:
a. Identify and describe the Cartesian coordinate system
b. Locate points in plane using the signs of its coordinate
c. Use the Cartesian coordinate system to graph points and functions
II. SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Cartesian coordinate system
B. References: https://www.cuemath.com/geometry/cartesian-coordinate-system/
https://byjus.com/maths/cartesian-plane/?
fbclid=IwAR0M6YU0UlFkq82etXJMUy06UaDdhq5zE-sAKZwMxldjTMK39hg6OqGr6jU
C. Materials: Graphing paper and pen, calculator, laptop (power point presentation), white
board marker
III.VALUES AND SKILLS
 Patience
 Discipline
 Critical Thinking
IV. INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES
TEACHER'S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
A. Daily Routine
Good morning, Class! Good morning, ma’am!
Okay, let us pray. May I request ______ to lead Dear God.... Amen.
the prayer.
Before you take your seats, please pick up any (arrange the chairs and pick up pieces of paper)
pieces of paper and please align your chairs
properly.

Thank you. You may now take your seats. Thank you, ma’am. (take seats)

Is everybody present for today? Yes, ma’am. Everybody is present.

It’s nice that you are all here.

B. Review
Before we start our new lesson for today, let’s
review our lesson yesterday.
So, what have we discussed yesterday?
(Some student raise their hands)
Yes, Ms. ____. Ma’am, our topic yesterday is all about the
undefined terms in Geometry.

Correct. What are the undefined terms in

Geometry? The undefined terms in Geometry are the point,
Yes, Ms. ____. line, and plane.

Alright! What is a plane? A plane is a flat surface that extends in all

Yes, Mr. ____. direction or into infinity.

Very Good! Thank you class!

C. Motivation
Now take a look at this picture. Where is the
Philippines in this map?
(A student will locate Philippines on the map)
Yes, Ms. ____.
The Philippines is located above the equator and
to the right of the Prime Meridian.

Correct. Imagine this chalkboard as a plane, with (Students answer may vary)
a single point on it, how will you describe the
location of this point?

Alright! Since you’ve already understood our

last topic, today we will learn about the system
describing the location of a point on a plane
which is known as the Rectangular coordinate
system or Cartesian coordinate system.
Are you all ready to listen? Yes, Ma’am!

What is a Cartesian coordinate system?

A Cartesian coordinate system helps in
Yes, Mr. ____. representing a point uniquely in the coordinate
plane, three-dimensional plane, or n-dimensional
plane. It is systematized by a French philosopher
and mathematician called Rene Descartes.

Very Good!
Now class, I am going to show you a picture of
rectangular coordinate system and I will call
some of you to identify and describe the parts.
Are you ready, class? Yes, ma’am!

This a rectangular coordinate system. What are

its parts?
The rectangular coordinate system or Cartesian
Yes, Ms. ____. coordinate system makes use of two coplanar
perpendicular number lines. The horizontal line
is called x-axis and the vertical line is called y-
axis. These axis intersect at origin and form four
region called quadrants.

Correct! Now, I am going to post a coordinate

plane with points on it and raise your hand if you
want to answer.
Ma’am! (Some students raise their hands and
going to the board)

(This would be the picture and the answers on the

board)
(6, 8)
(8, 0)
(0, 6)
(-4, 7)
(-7, -5)
(4, -6)
Very good everyone! Now, how do we plot in
plotting a point in a coordinate plane, point on
the Cartesian coordinate system? Locate the
abscissa on the x-axis, draw an imaginary
vertical line then locate the ordinate and draw a
horizontal line. The intersection of the extended
lines of abscissa and ordinate is where the point
is located.
D. LESSON DEVELOPMENT
1. Activity
Alright! Now we will have an activity. I will
divide you into 5 groups. I will give each group a
graphing paper, a marker, and a set of
coordinates. Plot the coordinate on the graphing
paper and join the points to find the hidden (The students will perform the activities and post
image. The first group to find the image will their output afterwards.)
declare as a winner.
B: (-3, 4)
C: (-5, 4)
D: (-6, 2)
E: (-5, -1)
F: (-3, -3)
G: (0, -6)
H: (3, -3)
I: (5, -1)
J: (6, 2)
K: (5, 4)
L: (3, 4)
M: 92, 3)
N: (0, 1)
O: (-2, 3)

Very good Group _! Give yourselves a hand for

a job well done.
Now take a look at your output, what do you
notice about the coordinates in each quadrant?
Yes, Ms. ____. The abscissa and ordinate in Quadrant I are both
positive, the abscissa is negative while the
ordinate is positive in Quadrant II, the abscissa
and ordinate are both negative in Quadrant III,
and the abscissa is positive while the ordinate is
negative in Quadrant IV.
Very good! What else?
Yes, Ms. ____. The abscissa is zero (0) and the ordinate is either
positive or negative in y-axis. The abscissa is
either positive or negative and the ordinate is
zero (0) in x-axis.
Very good observation class!
2. Analysis
For now, let’s have a discussion about our topic.
Be attentive and listen carefully.

The Cartesian plane is a two-dimensional

coordinate plane formed by the intersection of
two perpendicular lines. The horizontal line is
known as X-axis, and the vertical line is known
as Y-axis. The coordinate point (x, y) on the
Cartesian plane says that the horizontal distance
of the point from the origin is x, and the vertical
distance is y. If the sign of x is positive, the point
is on the right of the origin; else it is on the left.
Similarly, if the sign is positive for y, the point is
y points above the origin else it is y points below
it.

 AXES
In the Cartesian plane, there are two axes.
 One is the horizontal axis, called the x-
axis and the other is a vertical axis, which
is called the y-axis.

Example: (1, 2) (x-axis, y-axis)

How about (5, 6)? Who want to plot it on

the board? Yes, Ms. ____.

Very Good. Thank you, Ms. ____.

 ORIGIN
In the Cartesian plane, the point at which
the x-axis and y-axis intersect is called
the origin. In the Cartesian plane, the
origin is represented by an ordered pair
or the Cartesian coordinate (0, 0).

 Cartesian plane Quadrants

The X-axis and Y-axis split the plane into
four parts, and they are called quadrants.
Quadrants are denoted as I, II, III, and IV
in an anticlockwise direction. The axes in
the plane are called Cartesian axes, and
the plane is known as the Cartesian plane.

Thus the quadrants are characterized by

the following signs of abscissa and
ordinate:
Quadrant I, (+,+)
Quadrant II (-,+)
 Quadrant III (-,-)
Quadrant IV (+,-)
Its Quadrant I, ma’am.
Example:
(-4, 5) is Quadrant II. Its Quadrant III, ma’am.
How about for the (2, 3)?

Very Good. How about (-5, -9)?

Very Good! So the points which lie on

the axis, have any one of the coordinates
form, such as (x, 0) or (0, y). If the
coordinate is of the form (x, 0), then the
point is on the x-axis, and if the
coordinate is of the form (0, y), then the
point is on the y-axis. In this case, the
point is not located in any of the
quadrants.

 Cartesian Coordinates
the ordered pair in the Cartesian plane is
called the Cartesian coordinates. The
Cartesian coordinates are of the form (x,
y). The ordered pairs in the two-
dimensional plane are referred to as the
abscissa and ordinate.

 ABSCISSA
The first number in the ordered pair is
called the abscissa. In other words, the
value of x in the ordered pair is called the
abscissa. It is the distance of any point on
the plane from the y-axis.

 ORDINATE
The second number in the ordered pair is
called the ordinate. It takes the value of y.
The ordinate is the distance of any point
on the plane form the x-axis.

For example, if the Cartesian coordinate

is (2, 3), 2 represents the abscissa and 3
represents the ordinate.

 ONE DIMENSIONAL PLANE

For the Cartesian coordinate system in
one dimension, draw a straight line and
 choose a point 0 as the origin in the
middle of the line. The line segment,
which is in the right of the origin 0 is
positive, whereas the line segment in the
left of the origin is negative. So give the
sign as ‘+’ and ‘-‘ to any point as we
locate it on the number line. The line,
which is chosen for determining the
points in one dimension, is called the
number line.

 THREE DIMENSIONAL PLANE Origin:

The 3D Cartesian plane has one more
The centre point from which the distances
axis perpendicular to the normal
are marked is called the origin. In two-
Cartesian plane. For the xy plane, there is dimensional plane, the x-axis, and y-axis
an axis z which is perpendicular to the xy crossed the point is called the origin.
plane. Any point lying on this plane is
defined by the set of three points (x, y, z).
Here, x represents the position along the
x-axis, y defines the position along the y-
axis, and z denotes the position along the
z-axis. The given graph shows the 3D
Cartesian plane with three axes x, y, and
z.

None, ma’am.
So, that’s it for our discussion. Are there any
questions? Clarifications?
3. Abstraction
Since, you don’t have any questions, I will be the
one to ask question. If you have knew the
(Students will answer based on their own
answer, please raise your hands. understanding)
First question: What is a Cartesian Coordinate
(Students will answer based on their own
System? Yes, Mr. ____.
understanding)

Very Good. How about others? Yes, Ms. ___.

Bravo! Okay, for the next question: How do we For my own understanding ma’am. First, identify
plot the points on a Rectangular Coordinate the abscissa (x-value) and ordinate (y-value)
system or Cartesian plane? Let us take a from the given ordered pair. Here, Abscissa is the
cartesian coordinate (2, 3). Yes, Ms. ____. 2 and Ordinate is 3. Next, plot the value of x “2”
on the x-axis. Plot the number, and move 2 unit
form the origin to the right, as its value of x is
positive. Next, plot the value of y, “3” on the y
axis. Plot the number, and move 3 units from the
origin to the up on the y-axis, as it takes the
positive value. Finally, the point (2, 3) is located
on the first quadrant of the cartesian plane.

(Students will answer based on their own

understanding)
Excellent! Next question: Why do you think it is
important to understand the Cartesian coordinate (Students will answer based on their own
system? Yes, Mr. ____. understanding)

Very Good! Anyone else? Yes, Ms. ____.

Very good! Let’s give everyone a round of

applause.
4. Application Coordinart is an art showing figures formed by
Now we will make use of our knowledge about joining points in a plane coordinate.
Cartesian coordinates system. So class, do you
know what Coordinart is? Yes, Mr. ____.
 Alright! Since you’ve got the information and I
think you’re now ready to work on your own,
here’s our final activity. Now I will divide you
into 5 groups and each group please bring out
your graphing paper ad construct a simple
Coordinart of your own. Indicate the coordinates
of the points you used. A minimum of 10 points
should be plotted in your Coordinart. You are
given 10 minutes to do your activity and once
you’re done, please pass immediately and
present in the class what quadrants and ordered
pair of numbers you’ve plotted your Coordinart.
Each group will be given points according to the
following criteria:
Criteria Points
Accuracy of Plot 10
Originality 10
Neatness and Attractiveness 10
Yes, ma’am.
Total 30

Am I clear with the mechanics?

So now, since everybody is present, you will (All groups already pass their graphing paper.)
count from 1-5 starting with Ms. ____.
While forming your groups, may I have a
representative from each group to pick the order
of presentation later on? So if you are ready, you
may now start. (Students present their work in front of the class)
(After 10 minutes)
Now, to measure your individual understanding
of the lesson, we will have an evaluation.
V. EVALUATION
Direction: In a 1/2 graphing paper, answer the following. Avoid erasures in your graphing
paper. You are given 7 minutes to answer.
A. Name the ordered pair of the plotted points.
B. Graph the point whose coordinates are given.
A= (0, 1)
B= (-3, 4)
C= (-6, 4)
D= (-7, 1)
E= (-6, 1)
F= (0, 7)
G= (-1, 6)
H= (7, 1)
I= (6, 4)
J= (3, 4)
VI. ASSIGNMENT
Have a research about coordinate plane, functions, Domain and Range to give you practice
determining whether a group of points is a function, and determining the domain and range of sets of
points.

Prepared by:
Perez, Jhezelane Grace J.