Sta104 Tutorial 1

TUTORIAL 1: INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS & SAMPLING THEORY
1. Using your own words, what do you understand by ‘statistics’?
= statistic is the method of collecting, organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, and

interpreting data in convenient and will help in obtaining results more accurately
2. A Diploma in Banking student carried out a survey concerning computer literacy among 15,000
students in primary school in Dungun. In the survey, 30% of the 2000 students interviewed said
they know how to use the computer.
a. What is the population of interest?
= among 15000 students in primary school in dungun
b. What is the sample?
= 2000 students
c. What is the sampling frame?
= the students
3. Determine the following whether descriptive or inferential statistics is being used:

a. A salesman plotted his daily sales data and observed that the sales are increasing.
(descriptive)
b. An engineer detects 2% defective parts after inspecting a sample of 50 parts from one
production run. From these finding, he would then decide if the production should
continue or not. (inferential)
4. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of primary and secondary data
PRIMARY DATA
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
satisfy the research objectives very costly and time consuming
more up to date sensitive data is difficult to collect

directly from the respondent
SECONDARY DATA
easy to obtain data might not satisfy the research

objective
less cost There might be errors committed by the

original researchers
can obtained in a large quantity
5. List any three organizations in Malaysia that can supply secondary data. Give the details of the
information obtained.
 Sinar Harian = they wrote an information of the current issue

 Football Association Malaysia = They give the data about sort issue in Malaysia
 Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia = they made a statistic about covid-19 status
6. State if the following variables are qualitative or quantitative data:

a. Education level (qualitative)
b. Qualifications of candidates for a particular job (qualitative)
c. Annual profit of company ABC Sdn. Bhd.(quantitative)
d. Number of workers at Firm XYZ (quantitative)
7. State if the following quantitative variables are discrete or continuous:

a. Waiting time at a clinic (continuos)
b. Number of UiTM graduates (discrete)
c. Litters of bottled syrup (continuos)
d. Distance traveled (continuos)
8. Explain briefly the following methods of data collection:

a. Face to face interview
= Face-to-face interview is a data collection method when the interviewer directly

communicates with the respondent in accordance with the prepared questionnaire
b. Postal questionnaire
= Most social surveys use a postal questionnaire. These can be closed, meaning that
respondents are normally given a fixed number of responses to tick
c. Telephone interview
= Telephone interview is a data collection method when the interviewer communicates

with the respondent on the telephone
9. Give some example of studies that can be conducted in Malaysia which requires the used of
telephone to gather information.
= the research about covid-19 status in malaysia
10. List advantages and disadvantages of ‘face to face’ interview.
Allow for more in-depth data collection and Interviews are more time consuming to recruit
comprehensive understanding and conduct
Body language and facial expressions are As a result of timing and travel, F2F interviews
more clearly identified and understood can be expensive
11. State the incentives that you think might attract the respondents to answer mail questionnaire.
12. MARA wishes to conduct a survey on their sponsored students who are currently in overseas.
The objective of the study is to obtain information regarding the social problems faced by their
students.
a. State the most suitable method of data collection for the above survey.
b. State clearly the reasons for choosing the method.
c. What is the variable of interest (VOS)?
d. Design suitable question for the variable and then state the type of the variable and its scale
of measurement.
13. Distinguish between census and sample survey (sampling).
14. Why sampling is preferred compare to census?
15. State if the following is TRUE or FALSE:

a. A sample is a collection of individuals about which we wish to make inference.
b. Sampling units are overlapping elements in the population.
c. A sample is a group of sampling units chosen from the sampling frame.
d. A sampling frame is a list of sampling units.

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TUTORIAL 1: INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS & SAMPLING THEORY

1. Using your own words, what do you understand by ‘statistics’?

= statistic is the method of collecting, organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, and

= among 15000 students in primary school in dungun

b. What is the sample?

c. What is the sampling frame?

3. Determine the following whether descriptive or inferential statistics is being used:

4. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of primary and secondary data

more up to date sensitive data is difficult to collect

easy to obtain data might not satisfy the research

less cost There might be errors committed by the

 Sinar Harian = they wrote an information of the current issue

6. State if the following variables are qualitative or quantitative data:

7. State if the following quantitative variables are discrete or continuous:

8. Explain briefly the following methods of data collection:

= Face-to-face interview is a data collection method when the interviewer directly

= Telephone interview is a data collection method when the interviewer communicates

= the research about covid-19 status in malaysia

10. List advantages and disadvantages of ‘face to face’ interview.

13. Distinguish between census and sample survey (sampling).

14. Why sampling is preferred compare to census?

15. State if the following is TRUE or FALSE:

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