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Encoders and Decoders

This document discusses encoders and decoders. It describes how encoders convert between numerical systems, like converting decimal numbers to binary. It provides examples of the 74147 priority encoder and 74HC148 encoder chips. It also describes decoders and how they work, providing examples of the 74HC42 BCD to decimal decoder and 74HC138 decoder chips. Application circuits are shown for encoding and decoding numbers with these common integrated circuits.

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Parveen Thakur
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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665 views

Encoders and Decoders

This document discusses encoders and decoders. It describes how encoders convert between numerical systems, like converting decimal numbers to binary. It provides examples of the 74147 priority encoder and 74HC148 encoder chips. It also describes decoders and how they work, providing examples of the 74HC42 BCD to decimal decoder and 74HC138 decoder chips. Application circuits are shown for encoding and decoding numbers with these common integrated circuits.

Uploaded by

Parveen Thakur
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

2.

Encoders and Decoders

Active high/Active low inputs


• Active high inputs • Active low inputs
need a +5V for the need to be tied to the
pin to be considered 0V for a logic high to
as logic high be applied.

+5V

0V

1
Encoders
• Used to convert from one numerical system to
another
• Decimal numbers are encoded to a binary
number
• Application

Keypad Encoder Display

Encoder
• 74147 is a priority encoder
• Accepts a decimal input and gives the equivalent binary output
• The higher order input presented to the chip will be selected if two inputs
are pressed at the same time
• E.g. 8 has priority over 7 etc

2
Truth table

74147 example application block


diagram

74147
Keypad (Decimal to
BCD output
(Decimal) BCD
(inverted)
Converter)

3
Typical circuit
Active Low outputs

Active Low
inputs

Limitations of the 74147


• Limited to 10 decimal inputs only
• Does not indicate when a switch has been
pressed
• The limitations are overcome by the
74HC148 encoder

4
74HC148
• The 74HC148 provides the option to
cascade encoders
• They are
– Inputs can be enabled/disabled
– Signals when any input is pressed
– Cascadable to encode more than 8 inputs

74HC148

5
74HC148

Application block diagram

74148
(Decimal to
Keypad
BCD
Converter)

16 bit output

74148
(Decimal to
BCD
Converter)

6
Application circuit – Two 74HC148 cascaded together

Decoder
• Decoding is the process of translating data from
a form to another
• Most common
– Binary to Digital outputs
– Binary to 7 Segment displays to indicate a numerical
value
• Applications
– Decode and address from the PC Address bus to
select a particular device
– To select different devices one at a time
• Example 74HC42,74HC138

7
Use of decoders

Input
Process Decode Display
(Encode)

74HC42 – BCD to decimal decoder


• Mutually exclusive outputs
• 1-of-8 de-multiplexing capability
• Outputs disabled for input codes above
nine
• Output capability: standard
• Integrated circuit category: MSI

8
74HC42 – BCD to decimal decoder

Pin layout Function diagram

74HC42 – BCD to decimal decoder


Truth Table

9
74HC42 – BCD to decimal decoder
Internal logic diagram

74HC42 – BCD to decimal decoder


Application circuit

10
74HC138
• Decoders come in many different forms!
• Sometimes a single IC needs to be
selected from a group of IC’s
• 74HC138 features
• Demultiplexing capability
• Multiple input enable for easy expansion
• Ideal for memory chip select decoding
• Active LOW mutually exclusive outputs
• Integrated circuit category: MSI

74HC138

11
74HC138

74HC138 – Application circuit

12
74HC138 – Alternative application
circuit
Driven from 5V

Application using am encoder to


display the number of days in a month

13

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