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Module 11 - Shear and Moment in Beams

Here are the shear and moment equations for the cantilever beam: V = 0 (at x = 0) V = 1000 - 1000x (for 0 < x ≤ 5 ft) M = 0 (at x = 0) M = 1000x - 500x^2 (for 0 < x ≤ 5 ft)

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Kd Caisedo
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152 views53 pages

Module 11 - Shear and Moment in Beams

Here are the shear and moment equations for the cantilever beam: V = 0 (at x = 0) V = 1000 - 1000x (for 0 < x ≤ 5 ft) M = 0 (at x = 0) M = 1000x - 500x^2 (for 0 < x ≤ 5 ft)

Uploaded by

Kd Caisedo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 11

SHEAR AND MOMENT


IN BEAMS
Objectives:
You should be able to…
• Illustrate the reactions of different types of
supports
• Compute the equivalent concentrated load
of any type of distributed load
• Derive shear and moment equations.
Beams are usually long (compared with their
cross-sectional dimensions), straight,
prismatic members that support loads, which
act perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of
the member. They resist transverse applied
loads by a combination of internal shear force
and bending moment.
Types of Support:
A pin support prevents translation in two orthogonal directions. For
beams, this means that displacements parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the beam and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis are restrained
at the supported joint. While translation is restrained by a pin
support, rotation of the joint is permitted. In Figure 7.1a, the beam is
free to rotate about the axis, and reaction forces act on the beam in
the x and y directions.
Types of Support:
A roller support prevents translation perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
of the beam; however, the joint is free to translate in the direction and to
rotate about the axis. Unless specifically stated otherwise, a roller support
should be assumed to prevent joint displacement both in the +y and -y
directions. The roller support provides a reaction force to the beam in the y
direction only.
Types of Support:
A fixed support prevents both translation and rotation at the supported
joint. The fixed support provides reaction forces to the beam in the x and y
directions as well as a reaction moment in the z direction. This type of
support is sometimes called a moment connection.
Types of Statically Determinate Beams:

1. Simply supported Beam. A simply supported beam has a


pin support at one end and a roller support at the opposite
end.
Types of Statically Determinate Beams:

2. Simple Beam with Overhang. The beam continues


across the support in what is termed an overhang.
Types of Statically Determinate Beams:

3. Cantilever Beam. A cantilever beam has a fixed support at


one end only. The fixed support provides three reactions to the
beam: horizontal and vertical reaction forces and a reaction
moment.
Types of Loads:
Loads focused on a small length of the beam are called concentrated loads.
Distributed loads that are constant in magnitude are termed uniformly
distributed loads. In some instances, the load may be linearly distributed,
which means that the distributed load, as the term implies, changes linearly
in magnitude over the span of the loading. A beam may also be subjected to
concentrated moments, which tend to bend and rotate the beam.
Shear and Moments in Beam:
To determine the stresses created by applied loads, it is first
necessary to determine the internal shear force V and the
internal bending moment M acting in the beam at any point
of interest.
Because of the applied loads, beams develop internal shear
forces V and bending moments M that vary along the
length of the beam. For us to properly analyze the stresses
produced in a beam, we must determine V and M at all
locations along the beam span. These results are typically
plotted as a function of x in what is known as a shear-force
and bending-moment diagram. These diagrams summarize
all shear forces V and bending moments M along the beam,
making it straightforward to identify the maximum and
minimum values for both V and M. These extreme values
are required to calculate the largest stresses.
Sign Conventions for Shear Force and Bending Moment:
Sign Conventions for Shear Force and Bending Moment:
Example:
Derive the shear-force and bending-moment equations
for the simple beam shown.
Example:

Write the shear and moment equations for the beam


loaded as shown
1600 𝑙𝑏
Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴
𝑅𝐶
1600 𝑙𝑏
Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴
𝑅𝐶

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐶 = 1600

𝑀𝐴 = 0 𝑅𝐶 8 − 1600(6) = 0
1600 𝑙𝑏
Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴
𝑅𝐶

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 + 𝑅𝐶 = 1600

𝑀𝐴 = 0 𝑅𝐶 8 − 1600(6) = 0

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐶 = 1200 𝑙𝑏
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 4 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 4 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑉 = 0 ; 𝑉 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 0 ≤ 𝑥 < 4 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 − 𝑉 = 0 ; 𝑉 = 400 𝑙𝑏

𝑀𝑎−𝑎 = 0 𝑀 − 𝑅𝐴 𝑥 = 0 ; 𝑀 = 400 𝑥 𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 − 400 𝑥 − 4 − 𝑉 = 0
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 − 400 𝑥 − 4 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 400 − 400 𝑥 − 4
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝐹𝑦 = 0 𝑅𝐴 − 400 𝑥 − 4 − 𝑉 = 0
𝑉 = 400 − 400 𝑥 − 4
𝑉 = −1200 − 400𝑥
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 𝑥−4
𝑀 + 400 𝑥 − 4 − 400(𝑥) = 0
2
𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 𝑥−4
𝑀 + 400 𝑥 − 4 − 400(𝑥) = 0
2

𝑀 = 400𝑥 − 200(𝑥 − 4)2


𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 𝑥−4
𝑀 + 400 𝑥 − 4 − 400(𝑥) = 0
2

𝑀 = 400𝑥 − 200(𝑥 − 4)2

𝑀 = 400𝑥 − 200(𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16))


𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 4 ≤ 𝑥 < 8 𝑓𝑡 Type equation here.
400 𝑥 − 4 𝑙𝑏

𝑅𝐴 = 400 𝑙𝑏
𝑥−4
𝑥

𝑀𝑏−𝑏 = 0 𝑥−4
𝑀 + 400 𝑥 − 4 − 400(𝑥) = 0
2

𝑀 = 400𝑥 − 200(𝑥 − 4)2

𝑀 = 400𝑥 − 200(𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16))

𝑀 = 2000𝑥 − 200𝑥 2 − 3200 𝑙𝑏 − 𝑓𝑡)


Example:
Derive the shear-force and bending-moment equations
for the cantilever beam shown.
Try this:
Write the shear and moment equations for the beam loaded
as shown
Try this:

Write the shear and moment equations for the beam loaded
as shown

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