IEStat2 - Laboratory 4 - de Jesus

Laboratory 4: Design and Analysis of Single-Factor Experiments
I. OBJECTIVES
1. To solve the design and analysis of Single-Factor Experiments hypothesis

tests in Minitab 17 software and Microsoft Excel.
2. To learn how to analyze problems and how to interpret the results.
II. DISCUSSION
The analysis of variance is certainly not a new technique to the reader who has
followed the material on regression theory. We used the analysis-of-variance
approach to partition the total sum of squares into a portion due to regression
and a portion due to error.
Random samples of size n are selected from each of k populations.
The k different populations are classified on the basis of a single criterion such as
different treatments or groups. Today the term treatment is used generally to
refer to the various classifications, whether they be different aggregates, different
analysts, different fertilizers, or different regions of the country.
Bartlett’s test, is based on a statistic whose sampling distribution provides exact
critical values when the sample sizes are equal. These critical values for equal
sample sizes can also be used to yield highly accurate approximations to the
critical values for unequal sample sizes.
A method due to Cochran provides a computationally simple procedure, but it is
restricted to situations in which the sample sizes are equal.
III. SOFTWARE NEEDED
DESCRIPTION QUANTITY
Minitab 17 1
Microsoft Excel 1
IV. PROCEDURE
1. Run the Microsoft and Minitab 17 software.

2. Input the data in the worksheet.
3. Click Stat and choose the formula that corresponds to the test to be used
4. Put all your answers after every each problems
V. PROBLEMS
1. Six different machines are being considered for use in manufacturing rubber seals. The
machines are being compared with respect to tensile strength of the product. A random
sample of four seals from each machine is used to determine whether the mean tensile
strength varies from machine to machine. The following are the tensile-strength
measurements in kilograms per square centimeter × 10−1
Perform the analysis of variance at the 0.05 level of significance and indicate whether or
not the mean tensile strengths differ significantly for the six machines.
Interval Plot of 1, 2, ...

95% CI for the Mean
21
20
19
Data
18
17
16
15
1 2 3 4 5 6
The pooled standard deviation is used to calculate the intervals.
As you can see from the graph, there are 2 machines that have a similar mean of
tensile strength.
Solution 1 (If P value):
1. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = μ4 = μ5= μ6
H1: At least one of the regressor is not equal
2. α= 0.05
3. ANOVA
4. Reject Ho if P value < 0.05 - level of significance
(Note: If P-value is > 0.05 , do not reject Ho)
5. Computation using Minitab:
6. Since p value > 0.05, do not reject Ho

7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that at least one of the regressor is equal.
Solution 2 (If F value):
1. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3 = μ4 = μ5= μ6
2. α= 0.05
3. ANOVA
4. Reject Ho if F value > 2.77 (v1 = k-1 -> 5 = 6-1 ; v2 = n=k -> 18 = 24-6)
6. Since f value > 2.77, reject Ho

7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that at least one of the regressor is not
equal.
2. Immobilization of free-ranging white-tailed deer by drugs allows researchers the

opportunity to closely examine the deer and gather valuable physiological information. In
the study Influence of Physical Restraint and Restraint Facilitating Drugs on Blood
Measurements of White-Tailed Deer and Other Selected Mammals, conducted at Virginia
Tech, wildlife biologists tested the “knockdown” time (time from injection to immobilization)
of three different immobilizing drugs. Immobilization, in this case, is defined as the point
where the animal no longer has enough muscle control to remain standing. Thirty male
white-tailed deer were randomly assigned to each of three treatments. Group A received
5 milligrams of liquid succinylcholine chloride (SCC); group B received 8 milligrams of
powdered SCC; and group C received 200 milligrams of phencyclidine hydrochloride.
Knockdown times, in minutes, were recorded
A. Perform an analysis of variance at the 0.01 level of significance and

determine whether or not the average knockdown time for the three drugs is
the same.
Interval Plot of A, B, ...
1% CI for the Mean
11
10
8
Data
A B C
As you can see from the graph, they show different amount of data.
1. H0: μA = μB = μC
2. α= 0.01
3. ANOVA
6. Since p value = 0.01, reject Ho

equal.
B. Use Cochran’s test at the 0.01 level of significance to test for homogeneity of
variances
1. H0: μA = μB = μC
2. α= 0.01
3. Cochran's Test
4. Reject Ho if g > gα
5. Computation using Excel:
6. Since g value is greater than gα , reject Ho
7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that the regressors are not equal.
3. A study measured the sorption (either absorption or adsorption) rates of three different
types of organic chemical solvents. These solvents are used to clean industrial fabricated-
metal parts and are potential hazardous waste. Independent samples from each type of
solvent were tested, and their sorption rates were recorded as a mole percentage. (See
McClave, Dietrich, and Sincich, 1997.)
A. Is there a significant difference in the mean sorption rates for the three
solvents? Use a P-value for your conclusions.
Interval Plot of Aromatics, Chloroalkane, ...

95% CI for the Mean
1.2
1.0
0.8
Data
0.6
0.4
0.2
Aromatics Chloroalkanes Esters

1. H0: μAromatics = μChloroalkanes = μEsters
2. α= 0.05
3. ANOVA
6. Since p value < 0.05, reject Ho

equal.
B. Use Bartlett’s test at the 0.05 level of significance to test for homogeneity of
variances
Solution:
1. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3
2. α= 0.05
3. Bartlett's Test
4. Reject Ho if b value < 0.8054
6. Since b is not less than the b value , do not reject Ho
7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that the regressors are equal.
4. It has been shown that the fertilizer magnesium ammonium phosphate, MgNH4PO4,
is an effective supplier of the nutrients necessary for plant growth. The compounds
supplied by this fertilizer are highly soluble in water, allowing the fertilizer to be applied
directly on the soil surface or mixed with the growth substrate during the potting process.
A study on the Effect of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate on Height of
Chrysanthemums was conducted at George Mason University to determine a possible
optimum level of fertilization, based on the enhanced vertical growth response of the
chrysanthemums. Forty chrysanthemum seedlings were divided into four groups, each
containing 10 plants. Each was planted in a similar pot containing a uniform growth
medium. To each group of plants an increasing concentration of MgNH4PO4, measured
in grams per bushel, was added. The four groups of plants were grown under uniform
conditions in a greenhouse for a period of four weeks. The treatments and the respective
changes in heights, measured in centimeters, are shown next.
A. Can we conclude at the 0.05 level of significance that different concentrations

of MgNH4PO4 affect the average attained height of chrysanthemums? How much
MgNH4PO4 appears to be best?
Interval Plot of 50g/bu, 100g/bu, ...

95% CI for the Mean
24
22
20
Data
18
16
14
12
50g/bu 100g/bu 200g/bu 400g/bu
The 400g/bu appears to be the best.since it shows the highest number in the data above.
1.H0: μ50g/bu = μ100g/bu = μ200g/bu = μ400g/bu
2. α= 0.05
3. ANOVA
6. Since p value > 0.05, do not reject Ho

7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that at least one of the regressor is equal.
B. Use Bartlett’s test to check whether the variances are equal. Use α = 0.05.
Solution:
1. H0: μ1 = μ2 = μ3
2. α= 0.05
3. Bartlett's Test
4. Reject Ho if b value < 0.797
6. Since b is not less than the b value , do not reject Ho
7. Therefore, there is a significant evidence that the regressors are equal.
Submitted by:
Christienne Simone F. De Jesus
D2A
Submitted to:
Engr. Clara Franchesca R. Llanes, CIE, AAE
Course Instructor

IEStat2 - Laboratory 4 - de Jesus

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Laboratory 4: Design and Analysis of Single-Factor Experiments

1. To solve the design and analysis of Single-Factor Experiments hypothesis

2. To learn how to analyze problems and how to interpret the results.

III. SOFTWARE NEEDED

1. Run the Microsoft and Minitab 17 software.

Interval Plot of 1, 2, ...

The pooled standard deviation is used to calculate the intervals.

6. Since p value > 0.05, do not reject Ho

6. Since f value > 2.77, reject Ho

2. Immobilization of free-ranging white-tailed deer by drugs allows researchers the

A. Perform an analysis of variance at the 0.01 level of significance and

The pooled standard deviation is used to calculate the intervals.

6. Since p value = 0.01, reject Ho

Interval Plot of Aromatics, Chloroalkane, ...

Aromatics Chloroalkanes Esters

The pooled standard deviation is used to calculate the intervals.

Solution 1 (If P value):

6. Since p value < 0.05, reject Ho

A. Can we conclude at the 0.05 level of significance that different concentrations

Interval Plot of 50g/bu, 100g/bu, ...

The pooled standard deviation is used to calculate the intervals.

6. Since p value > 0.05, do not reject Ho

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