8.2.5.

The storage capacity and stage-outflow relationship of a flood-control reservoir are

given in the following tables. Route the design flood hydrograph given below
through the reservoir up to time 6:00. The initial reservoir level is 3.15 m. Use a
routing interval of ∆t = 15 min.

8.2.5. Kapasitas tampungan dan hubungan tahap-aliran keluar dari waduk pengendali
banjir diberikan dalam tabel berikut. Rutekan hidrograf banjir rencana yang
diberikan di bawah ini melalui reservoir hingga waktu 6:00. Ketinggian reservoir
awal adalah 3,15 m. Gunakan interval perutean ∆t = 15 menit.

Stage(m) 3.15 3.30 3.45 3.60 3.75 3.90 4.05

Storage (m3) 15 49 110 249 569 1180 2180

Discharge (m3/s) 0 0.21 0.72 1.25 1.89 2.61 3.40

Stage (m) 4.08 4.15 4.20 4.27 4.35 4.50  

Storage (m3) 2440 3140 4050 5380 8610 18600

Dischargec (m3/s) 3.57 3.91 4.25 4.62 5.21 6.20  

00:1 00:3 01:3 01:4

Time (h:min) 00:00 00:45 01:00 1: l5 02:00
5 0 0 5
Inflow (m3/s) 0 0.04 0.12 0.25 0.53 1.10 3.00 6.12 8.24
03:4
Time (h:min) 02:15 02:30 02:45 03:00 03:15 03:30 04:00 04:15
5
Inflowc(m3/s) 9.06 9.20 8.75 8.07 7.36 6.66 5.98 5.32 4.67
05:4 06:0
Time (h:min) 04:30 04:45 05:00 05:15 05:30    
5 0
Inflow (m3/s) 4.11 3.65 3.29 3.00 2.73 2.49 2.27    
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RMqLcAV-JE

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQ4r8gZyxCs&t=27s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RjQMpiRAL4&t=21s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7xi4_jm4q4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BODdUwFpR64

8.2.6 Consider a 2-acre detention basin with vertical walls. The triangular inflow hydrograph increases
linearly from zero to a peak of 60 cfs at 60 min and then decreases linearly to a zero discharge at 180
min. Route the inflow hydrograph through the detention basin using the head discharge curve for the 5-
ft pipe spillway in table below. The pipe is located at the bottom of the basin. Assuming the basin is
initially empty, use the level pool routing procedure with 10-min time interval to determine the maximum
depth in the detention basin.
Elevation Discharge
(ft) (cfs)
0.0    0
0.5    3
1.0    8
1.5 17
2.0 30
2.5 43
3.0 60
3.5 78
4.0 97
4.5 117
5.0 137
5.5 156
6.0 173
6.5 190
7.0 205
7.5 218
8.0 231
8.5 242
9.0 253
9.5 264
10.0 275

Inflow values are interpolated and values were obtained for each 10 min interval.
Time (min) Inflow (cfs)

0 0

10 10

20 20

30 30

40 40

50 50

60 60

70 55

80 50

90 45

100 40

110 35

120 30

130 25

140 20

150 15

160 10

170 5

180 0
 H (ft) Discharge Q (cfs) Storage (ft3) 2S/ t 2S/ t+Q

0 0 0 0 0

0.5 3 43560 145.2 148.2

1 8 87120 290.4 298.4

1.5 17 130680 435.6 452.6

2 30 174240 580.8 610.8

2.5 43 217800 726 769

3 60 261360 871.2 931.2

3.5 78 304920 1016.4 1094.4

4 97 348480 1161.6 1258.6

4.5 117 392040 1306.8 1423.8

5 137 435600 1452 1589

5.5 156 479160 1597.2 1753.2

6 173 522720 1742.4 1915.4

6.5 190 566280 1887.6 2077.6

7 205 609840 2032.8 2237.8

7.5 218 653400 2178 2396

8 231 696960 2323.2 2554.2

8.5 242 740520 2468.4 2710.4

9 253 784080 2613.6 2866.6

9.5 264 827640 2758.8 3022.8

10 275 871200 2904 3179

S0 = 0 ft3/s; Q0 = ft3/s

2S1/ t - Q1 = 2x0 -0 =0

2S2/ t + Q2 = (I1+I2) + 2S1/ t - Q1

Find Q1 by interpolating values from above table for corresponding 2S2/ t + Q2 value

2S1/ t - Q1 =  2S2/ t + Q2 - 2Q1

Repeat this process

Time I Ii+Ii+1 2Si/ t- 2Si+1/ t+
(min) (ft3/s) (ft3/s) Qi Qi+1 Q (ft3/s)
 0 0 0

10 10 10 0 10 0.2024

20 20 30 9.5952 39.5952 0.8015

30 30 50 37.9922 87.9922 1.7812

40 40 70 84.4298 154.4298 0.7074

50 50 90 153.015 243.015 3.6563

60 60 110 235.7024 345.7024 3.7608

70 55 115 338.1807 453.1807 1.5477

80 50 105 450.0853 555.0853 9.9217

90 45 95 535.2419 630.2419 3.5976

100 40 85 623.0466 708.0466 9.9912

110 35 75 688.0642 763.0642 14.5122

120 30 65 734.0397 799.0397 5.6484

130 25 55 787.7428 842.7428 10.2289

140 20 45 827.2849 872.2849 13.3252

150 15 35 845.6345 880.6345 14.2003

160 10 25 852.2339 877.2339 13.8439

170 5 15 849.5461 864.5461 12.5141

180 0 5 839.5179 844.5179 10.4149

190 0 823.6880 823.6880 8.2318

200 0 807.2244 807.2244 6.5063

210 0 794.2118 794.2118 5.1424

220 0 783.927 783.927 4.0645

230 0 775.7980 775.7980 3.2125

Maximum discharge = 14.5122 ft3/s. So depth of detention basin required = 1.5ft (corresponding to 17
ft3/s discharge from elevation discharge table). If exact value is required interpolation can be used.

So depth of basin = 1.33ft ~1.35 ft

8.2.2 USe the level pool routing method to route the hydrograph given below
through the reServoir whoSe Storage-outflow characteriSticS are given in Prob.
8.2.1. What iS the maximum reServoir diSCharge and Storage? ASSume that the
reServoir initially containS 75 × 106 m3 of Storage.

Storage vs. outflow characteristics for a proposed reservoir are given below.
Calculate the storage-outflow function 2S/At + Q vs. Q for each of the tabulated
Time (h) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Inflow 60 100 232 300 520 1,310 1,930 1,460 930 650
(m3/S)

Storage (106 m3) 75 81 87.5 100 110.2

Outflow (m3/S) 57 227 519 1330 2270

Δt = 2ℎ = 7,200s

Discharge
Storage (m3) 2S/Δt + Q
(m3/s)
57 75,000,000 20,890
227 81,000,000 22,727
519 87,500,000 24,825
1,330 100,000,000 29,108
2,270 110,200,000 32,881

Initial Storage = 75x106m3

(Initial Outflow = 57m3/s)

Time Time Inflow Ij+Ij+1 2Sj/Δt -Qj 2Sj+1/Δt +Qj+1 Outflow

Index j (h) (m3/s) (m3/s) Qj(m3/s)
1 0 60 20,776 57.0
2 2 100 160 20,814 20,936 61.3
3 4 232 332 20,985 21,146 80.6
4 6 300 532 21,287 21,517 115.0
5 8 520 820 21,767 22,107 169.6
6 10 1310 1830 22,901 23,597 348.2
7 12 1930 3240 24,604 26,141 768.3
8 14 1460 3390 25,756 27,994 1,119.2
9 16 930 2390 25,850 28,146 1,147.9
10 18 650 1580 25,406 27,430 1,012.3
11 20 650 24,551 26,056 752.1
12 22 23,589 24,551 481.0
13 24 22,895 23,589 347.0
14 26 22,395 22,895 250.4
15 28 22,002 22,395 196.2
16 30 21,682 22,002 159.9
17 32 21,422 21,682 130.3
18 34 21,209 21,422 106.2
19 36 21,036 21,209 86.5
Maximum Discharge: 1,148m3/s

Maximum Storage: 97,193,000m3

(Interpolating values in the first table for Maximum discharge)

2,500

2,000
Flow Rate (cfs)

1,500

1,000

500

0
0 3 6 9 12151821 24 27 30 33 36
Time (h)

Inflow Series2

1. Problem # 8.4.4
A 4400-foot reach of channel haS a MuSkingum K = 0. 24 and X = 0. 25. Route the
following inflow hydrograph through thiS reach. ASSume the initial outflow =739cfS.
Time (h) 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Inflow (cfS) 819 1,012 1,244 1,537 1,948 2,600 5,769
Time 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5
Inflow 12,866 17,929 20,841 21,035 20,557 19,485 14,577
Time 7.0 7.5 8.0
Inflow 9,810 6,448 4,558

K= 0.24
X= 0.25
Initial Outflow= 739 cfs

Δt − 2KX 0.5 − 2(0.24)(0.25)

C1 = = = 0.44
2K(1 − X) + Δt 2(0.24)(1 − 0.25) + 0.5
Δt + 2KX 0.5 + 2(0.24)(0.25)
C2 = = = 0.72
2K(1 − X) + Δt 2(0.24)(1 − 0.25) + 0.5

C3 2K(1 − X) − Δt 2(0.24)(1 − 0.25) − 0.5

=
= 2K(1 − X) + Δt 2(0.24)(1 − 0.25) + 0.5 = −0.16
 Routing Time (h) Inflow Ij C1*Ij+1 C2*Ij C3*Qj Outflow Q
Period j (cfs) (cfs)
1 0.0 819 739
2 0.5 1012 447 590 - 120 917
3 1.0 1244 550 730 - 149 1,130
4 1.5 1537 679 897 - 184 1,392
5 2.0 1948 861 1,108 - 227 1,742
6 2.5 2600 1,149 1,404 - 284 2,270
7 3.0 5769 2,549 1,874 - 369 4,054
8 3.5 12866 5,685 4,159 - 660 9,184
9 4.0 17929 7,922 9,275 - 1,495 15,703
10 4.5 20841 9,209 12,926 - 2,556 19,578
11 5.0 21035 9,295 15,025 - 3,187 21,132
12 5.5 20557 9,083 15,165 - 3,440 20,808
13 6.0 19485 8,610 14,820 - 3,387 20,042
14 6.5 14577 6,441 14,047 - 3,263 17,226
15 7.0 9810 4,335 10,509 - 2,804 12,039
16 7.5 6448 2,849 7,072 - 1,960 7,962
17 8.0 4558 2,014 4,649 - 1,296 5,366

25,000

20,000
Flow Rate (cfs)

15,000

10,000

5,000

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time
(h)
Inflow Outflo
w

2. “TexaS Megadrought” Summary

3. a During Tropical Storm Hermine, what waS the peak diSCharge (cfS) that occurred at
WalSh Dr? What proportion of the runoff came from the North Branch and the South
Branch of BruShy Creek? Were the peak flowS Coincident from both branche S? (Show a
graph to diSCuSS thiS).

Peak Discharge at Walsh Dr. = 18,744.5 cfS

The peak occurred at 9/8/2010 3:50:00 AM. The discharges are summarized in the
following table:

Element Discharge
Walsh Drive (Junction 337) 18,744.5
North Branch (Reach 520) 16,048.6
South Branch (Reach 550) 2,425.1

Proportion from North Branch (Reach 520) = 16,299.8/18,744.5 = 87%

Proportion from South Branch (Reach 550) = 2,425.1/18,744.5 = 13%

20,000
Walsh Drive (Junction 337)
18,000

16,000
North Branch of Bushy
Discharge (cfs)

14,000 Creek (Reach 520)

12,000 South Branch - Dam 7

(Reach 550)
10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0
9/7/20109/8/20109/9/2010
ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

3.b If the flood control reServoirS did not exiSt, what would have been the peak
diSCharge at WalSh Dr?

Peak Discharge at Walsh Dr. = 44,757.6 cfS (without reservoir)

3.c During a 100-year flood, what iS the peak diSCharge (cfS) at WalSh Dr?

Peak Discharge = 25,207.7 cfs (without reservoir)

3.d PleaSe fill in the valueS in the following table:

BruShy Creek Peak DiSCharge (cfS)

Hermine Hermine with Dams 100-year 100-year with dams
J337 44,757.6 18,744.5 71,508.6 25,207.7
R520 30,637.6 16,299.8 48,258.5 21,739.8
R550 15,354.8 4,587.5 23,586.9 4,298.8

Storm Precipitation and

W1300 LoSSeS (in)
Hermine 100-year
Total Precip 12.25 10.20
Loss 2.35 2.27
Excess Precip 9.90 7.93

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

3.e CommentS
4. Problem 7.7.11
5. A triangular synthetic unit hydrograph developed by the Soil Conservation Service
method has qp = 2,900 cfs/in, TP = 50 min, and tr = 10 min. Compute the direct runoff
hydrograph for a 20-minute storm, having 0.66 in rainfall in the first 10 minutes and 1.70
in. in the second 10 minutes. The rainfall loss rate is Φ = 0.6 in/h throughout the storm.
6.

10 Minute SCS Unit Hydrograph

3500

3000

2500

2000
cfs/in

1500

1000

500

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
Time, (hours)

7. Figure 10.1 10 Minute SCS Unit Hydrograph, Problem (7.7.11)

8. The SCS Unit Hydrograph was obtained with the given data. Excess rainfall runoff was
determined by subtracting the rainfall loss rate per rainfall duration. The unit hydrograph
ordinates were taken from Figure 10.1 provided above. The direct runoff for the 20-minute
storm was calculated per equation (7.4.1) in the text and shown in Table 10.1 below:
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

Direct
Time runoff
(X10-min) Excess Unit hydrograph ordinates (cfs/in)               (cfs)
n=9 Precipitation 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130
(in) 580 1160 1740 2320 2900 2552 2205 1858 1510 1163 816 468 121
1 0.56 325 325
2 1.60 928 650 1578
3 1856 974 2830
4 2784 1299 4083
5 3712 1624 5336
6 4640 1429 6069
7 4083 1235 5318
8 3528 1040 4568
845.
9 2973 6 3818
10 2416 651.28 3067
11 1860.8 456.96 2318
12 1305.6 262.08 1568
67.7
13 748.8 6 817
14

Total
Total: 2.2                         : 41,695
16.
17. Table 10.1 Direct Runoff Calculations (Problem 7.7.11)

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

18. Problem 8.2.3

19. Solve for problem 8.2.2 assuming the initial reservoir storage is 87.5 X 106 m3.
20. Use the level pool routing method to route the hydrograph below through the
reservoir whose storage-outflow characteristics are given in Prob. 8.2.1. What is the
maximum reservoir discharge and storage?
21. Design Hydrograph Data
Time (h) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
30 1,31 1,9 1,46
Inflow (m3/sec) 60 100 232 0 520 0 30 0 930 650
22.
23. Reservoir Storage Characteristics:
Storage (106 m3) 75 81 87.5 100 110.2
Outflow (m3) 57 227 519 1330 2270
24.
25. Δt = 2 hr or 7200 s.
26. This problem is solved by first determining the Storage-outflow function, this function is
described below:
27.
2S
28. Δt
+Q

29.
30. Example illustrating Storage-outflow function with storage, S = 87.5 x 10 6 m3 and Q =
519 m3/s
31.
2∗87.5 x 10 6 m 3 m3
32. + 519 =24,824 m3 /s
7,200 s s
33.
34. See Table 10.2 for a complete list of Storage-outflow function calculations
35. Table 10.2 Storage-outflow function, Problem (8.2.3)
Discharge Storage (2S/Δt) +Q
Q S
(m3/s) (X106 m3) m3/s
0 0 -
57 75 20,890.33
227 81 22,727.00
519 87.5 24,824.56
1330 100 29,107.78
2270 110.2 32,881.11
36. In this problem the initial reservoir storage was 87.5 X 106 m3 resulting in an initial
discharge of 519 m3/2. The corresponding storage-outflow function value provided an

17
ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

2 S j+1
initial + Q j+ 1 as shown in Table 10.3. With the outflow value then known we can
Δt
calculate the next unknown variable and use the Storage-outflow function to determine
the subsequent outflow value. These steps are outlined below.
2 S2 2 S2
37.
Δt
−Q2= ( Δt )
+Q 2 −2Q2
2 S2
38. −Q 2= (24,984−2∗549 )=23,886 cms
Δt
39. This is the value in column 5. This value is then added to the value in column 4
(j+1), to determine the value for column 6 (j+1). The value generated in column 6 is then
referenced to the storage outflow function to determine an Outflow value, column 7. This
is repeated until all inflow data is analyzed. See Table 10.3 below:
40. Table 10.3 Routing of a flow through a detention reservoir by the level pool
method. Problem (8.2.3)
Column:            
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Time Time Inflow Ij + Ij+1 (2Sj/Δt)- Q (2Sj+1/Δt) + Qj+1 Outflow

index j (hr) (cms) (cms) (cms) (cms) (cms)

6
1 0 0 60 24,824.00   519
10
2 2 0 160 23,886.00 24,984 549
23
3 4 2 332 23,350.00 24,218 434
30
4 6 0 532 23,108.00 23,882 387
52
5 8 0 820 23,140.00 23,928 394
1,31
6 10 0 1,830 23,878.00 24,970 546
1,93
7 12 0 3,240 25,212.00 27,118 953
1,46
8 14 0 3,390 26,134.00 28,602 1,234
93
9 16 0 2,390 26,086.00 28,524 1,219
65
10 18 0 1,580 25,552.00 27,666 1,057
41.
42. The maximum Outflow from the data is given in Table 10.3 as 1,234 m3/s. This
relates to a total storage of 98.5 X 106 m3 determined interpolating the reservoir storage
characteristics given.
43. Problem 8.2.4

18
ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

44. Solve Example 8.2.1 in the text if the initial depth in the reservoir is 2 ft. How
much higher does this make the maximum water level in the reservoir compared with the
level found in Example 8.2.1?
45. Problem 8.2.4 was solved with the same procedure as the previous problem
(8.2.3) with the data given in Example 8.2.1. The initial reservoir depth of 2 ft was used
resulting in a t=0 outflow rate of 30 cfs and column 5 equal to 320 cfs as calculated in
Table 10.4. See Tables below for calculated data.
46. Table 10.4 Storage-outflow function for determined detention reservoir
(Problem 8.2.4)
1 2 3 4
Elevation Discharge Storage (2S/Δt) +Q
H Q S
ft cfs ft3 cfs
- - - -
0.5 3 21,780 76
1.0 8 43,560 153
1.5 17 65,340 235
2.0 30 87,120 320
2.5 43 108,900 406
3.0 60 130,680 496
3.5 78 152,460 586
4.0 97 174,240 678
4.5 117 196,020 770
5.0 137 217,800 863
5.5 156 239,580 955
6.0 173 261,360 1,044
6.5 190 283,140 1,134
7.0 205 304,920 1,221
7.5 218 326,700 1,307
8.0 231 348,480 1,393
8.5 242 370,260 1,476
9.0 253 392,040 1,560
9.5 264 413,820 1,643
10.0 275 435,600 1,727
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53. Table 10.5 Routing of flow through a detention reservoir by the level pool
method (Problem 8.2.4)
Column:            
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

Time Time Inflow Ij + Ij+1 (2Sj/Δt)- Q (2Sj+1/Δt) + Qj+1 Outflow

index j (min) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs)

1 0 - - 320.00   30.0
60
2 10 60 302.00 380.0 39.0
3 20 120 180 367.20 482.0 57.4
4 30 180 300 479.00 667.2 94.1
5 40 240 420 610.00 899.0 144.5
6 50 300 540 764.40 1,150.0 192.8
7 60 360 660 954.20 1,424.4 235.1
8 70 320 680 1,108.80 1,634.2 262.7
9 80 280 600 1,163.80 1,708.8 272.5
10 90 240 520 1,145.40 1,683.8 269.2
11 100 200 440 1,072.80 1,585.4 256.3
12 110 160 360 960.40 1,432.8 236.2
13 120 120 280 824.80 1,240.4 207.8
14 130 80 200 686.40 1,024.8 169.2
15 140 40 120 556.80 806.4 124.8
-
16 150 40 436.40 596.8 80.2
17 160 - - 339.00 436.4 48.7
18 170 - - 273.36 339.0 32.8
19 180 - - 227.76 273.4 22.8
20 190 - - 196.16 227.8 15.8
21 200 - - 170.76 196.2 12.7
22 210 - - 151.06 170.8 9.9
54.
55. The maximum water level is calculated with by interpolating the values calculated
in Table 10.4 at the maximum outflow value of 272.5 cfs resulting in a maximum stage or
water level of 9.89 ft. an increase of 0.12 ft or 1.44 inches. The max water level
calculated in the example is 9.77 ft.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

61. Problem 8.2.6

62. Consider a 2-acre detention basin with vertical walls. The triangular inflow
hydrograph increases linearly from zero to a peak of 540 cfs at 60 min and then
decreases linearly to a zero discharge at 180 min. Route the inflow hydrograph through
the detention basin using the head-discharge curve for the 5-ft pipe spillway in Table
8.2.2. The pipe is located at the bottom of the basin. Assuming the basin is initially
empty, use the level pool routing procedure with a 10-minute time interval to determine
the maximum depth in the detention basin.
63. The routing is set up using the specifications given in the problem. The storage
outflow function data for a 5 ft RCP was taken from Table 8.2.2. A Discharge-Elevation
Relationship was developed for values that were outside of the given table. A trendline
was set to this relationship and provided an equation for which additional storage outflow
relationship was analyzed.

Discharge Elevation Relationship

300

f(x) = 0.04 x⁴ − 1.27 x³ + 11.46 x² − 3.67 x

250

200
Discharge, Q (cfs)

150

100

50

0
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
Elevation, H (ft)
64.
65. Figure 10.2 Dishcarge-Elevation Relationship for 5ft Diameter RCP
66. Problem 8.2.6 was solved with the same procedure as the previous problem
(8.2.3). See Table 10.6 and 10.7 for the Storage-outflow function for a given reservoir and
routing of flow through a detention reservoir by the level pool method.
67.

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

68. Table 10.6 Storage-outflow function (problem 8.2.6)

1 2 3 4
Elevation Discharge Storage (2S/Δt) +Q
H Q S
ft cfs ft3 cfs
- - - -
0.5 3 43,560 148
1.0 8 87,120 298
1.5 17 130,680 453
2.0 30 174,240 611
2.5 43 217,800 769
3.0 60 261,360 931
3.5 78 304,920 1,094
4.0 97 348,480 1,259
4.5 117 392,040 1,424
5.0 137 435,600 1,589
5.5 156 479,160 1,753
6.0 173 522,720 1,915
6.5 190 566,280 2,078
7.0 205 609,840 2,238
7.5 218 653,400 2,396
8.0 231 696,960 2,554
8.5 242 740,520 2,710
9.0 253 784,080 2,867
9.5 264 827,640 3,023
10.0 275 871,200 3,179
10.5 284 914,760 3,333
11.0 293 958,320 3,488
11.5 304 1,001,880 3,643
12.0 315 1,045,440 3,800
12.5 328 1,089,000 3,958
13.0 344 1,132,560 4,119
13.5 363 1,176,120 4,283
14.0 385 1,219,680 4,451
14.5 413 1,263,240 4,624
69.
70.

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71. Table 10.7 Routing of flow through a detention reservoir by the level pool
method, Problem (8.2.6)
Column:            
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Time Time Inflow Ij + Ij+1 (2Sj/Δt)- Q (2Sj+1/Δt) + Qj+1 Outflow

index j (min) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs)

1 0 - - -   -
90
2 10 90 86.36 90.0 1.8
3 20 180 270 333.56 356.4 11.4
4 30 270 450 694.56 783.6 44.5
5 40 360 630 1,114.76 1,324.6 104.9
6 50 450 810 1,576.96 1,924.8 173.9
7 60 540 990 2,103.16 2,567.0 231.9
8 70 495 1,035 2,593.94 3,138.2 272.1
9 80 450 945 2,945.74 3,538.9 296.6
10 90 405 855 3,170.74 3,800.7 315.0
11 100 360 765 3,283.14 3,935.7 326.3
12 110 315 675 3,302.14 3,958.1 328.0
13 120 270 585 3,242.54 3,887.1 322.3
14 130 225 495 3,116.74 3,737.5 310.4
15 140 180 405 2,930.74 3,521.7 295.5
16 150 135 315 2,688.34 3,245.7 278.7
17 160 90 225 2,400.74 2,913.3 256.3
18 170 45 135 2,076.94 2,535.7 229.4
-
19 180 45 1,733.94 2,121.9 194.0
20 190 - - 1,427.94 1,733.9 153.0
21 200 - - 1,193.14 1,427.9 117.4
22 210 - - 1,014.32 1,193.1 89.4
72.
73. The maximum depth was determined by interpolating the storage-outflow
function relationship relating to Elevation. The maximum outflow of 328 cfs results in a
maximum depth of 12.5 ft
74.

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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

75. Problem 8.3.8

76. In this problem, you are to determine the runoff from a particular watershed and
route the runoff hydrograph through a reservoir at the downstream end of the watershed.
The reservoir has the following storage-outflow characteristics:
Storage (ac*ft) 0 200 300 400 500 600 700 1100
Outflow (cfs) 0 2 20 200 300 350 450 1200
77.
78. The rainfall is:
Time (h)   0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Accumulated rainfall depth
(in) 0.0 1.0 3.0 4.0 4.5
79.
80. The half hour unit hydrograph is:
Time (h) 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
Discharge
(cfs/in) 0 200 500 800 700 600 500 400
Time (h) 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00      
Discharge
(cfs/in) 300 200 100 50 0      
81.
82. The phi-index is 0.8 in/hr is to be used to account for losses. Determine the peak
discharge from the reservoir assuming zero baseflow. What is the area in square miles of
the watershed?
83. The unit hydrograph data was used to determine the direct runoff for the
watershed. To account for abstractions the Phi-Index was subtracted from accumulated
rainfall depth data before plugging it into the spreadsheet for calculation. See Table 10.8

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84. Table 10.8 Calculation for Direct Runoff Hydrograph, (Problem 8.3.8)
85.
Direct
runoff
Time (0.5
Excess Unit hydrograph ordinates (cfs/in)           (cfs)
hours) n=9
Precipitation 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
(in) 200 500 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 50
1 0.60 120 120
2 2.60 520 300 820
3 3.60 720 1300 480 2500
4 4.10 820 1800 2080 420 5120
5 2050 2880 1820 360 7110
6 3280 2520 1560 300 7660
7 2870 2160 1300 240 6570
8 2460 1800 1040 180 5480
9 2050 1440 780 120 4390
10 1640 1080 520 60 3300
11 1230 720 260 30 2240
12 820 360 130 1310
13 410 180 590
14 205 205

Total: 10.9                     Total : 47,415

86.
87.
88. The storage-outflow function was determined and extrapolated for use in this problem. See Table 10.9 and Figure
10.3

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89.

Discharge-Storage Relationship
1,400

1,200

1,000
Discharge, Q (cfs)

800

600

400

200

-
- 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Storage (ac-ft)

90. Figure 10.3 Discharge-Storage Relationship, Problem 8.3.8

91. Table 10.9 Storage-outflow function, Problem 8.3.8
1 2 3
Discharge Storage (2S/Δt) +Q
Q S
cfs (ac-ft) cfs
- - -
2 200 9,682
20 300 14,540
200 400 19,560
300 500 24,500
350 600 29,390
450 700 34,330
1200 1,100 54,440
1950 1,500 74,550
92.
93. Problem 8.3.8 was solved with the same procedure as the previous
problem and provided examples as illustrated in Problem (8.2.3).
94.

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95. Table 10.10 Routing of a flow through a detention reservoir by the

level pool method, Problem 8.3.8
Column:            
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Time Time Inflow Ij + Ij+1 (2Sj/Δt)- Q (2Sj+1/Δt) + Qj+1 Outflow

index j (hr) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs) (cfs)

1 0.0 - - -  
2 0.5 120 120 119.96 120.0 0
3 1.0 820 940 1,059.52 1,060.0 0
2,500
4 1.5 3,320 4,377.72 4,379.5 0
5,120
5 2.0 7,620 11,976.56 11,997.7 10.
6 2.5 7,110 12,230 23,612.56 24,206.6 297.
7 3.0 7,660 14,770 37,180.56 38,382.6 601.
8 3.5 6,570 14,230 49,236.56 51,410.6 1,087.
9 4.0 5,480 12,050 58,376.56 61,286.6 1,455.
4,390
10 4.5 9,870 64,818.56 68,246.6 1,714.
3,300
11 5.0 7,690 68,762.56 72,508.6 1,873.
2,240
12 5.5 5,540 70,422.56 74,302.6 1,94
1,310
13 6.0 3,550 70,116.56 73,972.6 1,928.
590
14 6.5 1,900 68,306.56 72,016.6 1,855.
15 7.0 205 795 65,609.56 69,101.6 1,746.
16 7.5 - 205 62,566.56 65,814.6 1,624.
17 8.0 - - 59,560.56 62,566.6 1,503.
18 8.5 - - 56,780.56 59,560.6 1,390.
19 9.0 - - 54,206.56 56,780.6 1,287.
20 9.5 - - 51,824.56 54,206.6 1,191.
21 10.0 - - 49,620.56 51,824.6 1,102.
22 10.5 - - 47,580.56 49,620.6 1,020.
96.
97. The peak discharge from the reservoir was calculated as 1,940 cfs as
shown in Table 10.10.
98. What is the area of the watershed in problem 8.3.8?
99. The summation of the direct runoff = 47,415 cfs (Table 10.8)
N
100. V d =∑ Qn Δt
n=1
ft 3 s
101. V d =47,415 ∗1 hr∗3600
s hr
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ENV 6932 Advanced Env Hydrology Homework # 10 11/04/09 Ryan Locicero #50779799

102. V d =1.71 X 10 8 ft 3
103. Depth of direct runoff, rd = 10.9 in = 0.91 ft (Table 10.8)
Vd
104. A=
rd
1.71 X 108 ft 3
105. A=
.91 ft
106. A=1.87 X 108 ft 2
1.87 X 108 ft 2
107. A=
5,2802 ft 2 /mi 2
108. A=6.74 mi2
109.
110. 8.2.6
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.

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140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
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181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.

189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
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217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.

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