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Problems On Centrifugal Compressor

The document contains 3 problems related to centrifugal compressors. The first problem provides inlet conditions and asks to calculate the impeller diameter. The second problem provides additional parameters and asks to calculate the slip factor. The third problem gives various operating parameters and asks to determine the impeller exit diameter, width, and power required. All three problems show the calculations to arrive at the requested values.

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Sridhar Krish
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2K views3 pages

Problems On Centrifugal Compressor

The document contains 3 problems related to centrifugal compressors. The first problem provides inlet conditions and asks to calculate the impeller diameter. The second problem provides additional parameters and asks to calculate the slip factor. The third problem gives various operating parameters and asks to determine the impeller exit diameter, width, and power required. All three problems show the calculations to arrive at the requested values.

Uploaded by

Sridhar Krish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problems on Centrifugal Compressor

1. A centrifugal compressor is to deliver a 14 kg/s of air in operating pressure


ratio of 4:1 at a speed of 200 rev/s. Inlet stagnation conditions are 288 K
and 1 bar. Assume slip factor as 0.9, power input factor as 1.04 and overall
isentropic efficiency as 0.8. Estimate overall diameter of impeller.

Solution:

ɣair = 1.4; Cpair = 1.005 kJ/kgK (Assumed)


𝜸
𝑻𝟎𝟑𝒔 −𝑻𝟎𝟏 𝒑𝟎𝟑 𝑻𝟎𝟏 +𝜼𝒄 (𝑻𝟎𝟑 −𝑻𝟎𝟏 ) ⁄𝜸−𝟏
𝜼𝒄 = ➔𝒑 = [ 𝑻𝟎𝟏
]
𝑻𝟎𝟑 −𝑻𝟎𝟏 𝟎𝟏

➔ unknown, T03 = 462.9 K


𝝍 𝝈 𝑼𝟐
We also know that, (𝑻𝟎𝟑 − 𝑻𝟎𝟏 ) = 𝑪𝒑

➔ unknown, U = 433.3 m/s


 𝐼𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑖𝑝 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑, 𝑈 = 𝜋 𝐷 𝑁 ➔ D = 68.9 cm

Ans: T03 = 462.957 K; U = 433.42 m/s D = 68.9 cm


2. A centrifugal compressor has a pressure ratio of 4:1 with an isentropic
efficiency of 80% when running at 15000 rpm and inducing air at 293K.
Curved vanes at the inlet give the air a pre-whirl of 250 to the axial
direction at all radii. The tip dia of the eye of the impeller is 250 mm.
The absolute velocity at inlet is 150 m/s and the impeller dia is 600 mm.
Calculate the slip factor.
Solution:

∆𝑻𝟎𝒔 𝑻𝟎𝟐𝒔 − 𝑻𝟎𝟏


𝜼𝒄 = =
∆𝑻𝟎 𝑻𝟎𝟐 − 𝑻𝟎𝟏
𝜸
⁄𝜸−𝟏
𝒑𝟎𝟐 𝑻𝟎𝟏 + 𝜼𝒄 (𝑻𝟎𝟐 − 𝑻𝟎𝟏 )
= [ ]
𝒑𝟎𝟏 𝑻𝟎𝟏

𝜸−𝟏
𝑻𝟎𝟐𝒔 𝒑𝟎𝟐 ⁄𝜸
T02s = 435.5 K ➔ = (𝒑 )
𝑻𝟎𝟏 𝟎𝟏

T02 = 471 K
∆𝑻𝟎𝒔
∆T02s = T02s – T01 = ………. K and ∆𝑻𝟎 = (𝑻𝟎𝟐 − 𝑻𝟎𝟏 ) =
𝜼𝒄
= 170 .2K

Work done per unit mass, W = Cp (∆T0) ➔ W = 179 kJ/kg

Peripheral Vel. at the tip of the eye, U1 = 𝝅 D1N ➔ U1 = 196.2


m/s

Peripheral Vel. at the tip of the Impeller, U2 = 𝝅 D2 N ➔ U2 = 471.2


m/s

We know that, Work done, W = U2Cw2 – U1Cw1 ➔ Cw2 = 406.2 m/s

𝑪𝒘𝟐
Slip factor, 𝝈 =
𝑼𝟐
➔ 𝝈 = 0.862
Ans: T02s = 435.56 K; ∆T02s = 142.56 K; ∆T0 = 170.2 K; W = 179 kJ/kg
U1 = 196.25 m/s; U2 = 471.2 m/s; Cw2 = 406.27 m/s; σ = 0.862
3. Determine the impeller eye diameter and width at the impeller exit and the
power required to drive the compressor from the following given data:

Speed, N =12500 rev/min; mass flow rate = 15 kg/s; pressure ratio = 4:1;
Isentropic efficiency of compressor = 0.9; slip factor = 0.9; Impeller tip
speed = 500 m/s; hub dia of the eye, D0= 15 cm; Axial velocity of air at
entry and exit from the impeller = 150 m/s; Stagnation temperature at inlet
= 295 K; stagnation pressure at inlet = 1.0 bar. Assume equal pressure ratio
in the impeller and diffuser.

Solution:

Power Input = 𝑚̇ 𝜎 𝑈22 ➔ P = 3375 kW

𝑈2 = 𝜋 𝐷2 𝑁 where N in rps ➔ D2 = 76.4 cm


𝑝1
Mass flow rate, 𝑚̇ = 𝜌1 𝐴1 𝐶𝑎1 where 𝜌1 =
𝑅 𝑇1

𝑪𝟐𝒂𝟏
To get T1 & p1: ➔ 𝑻𝟎𝟏 = 𝑻𝟏 + ➔ T1= 283 K
𝟐𝑪𝒑

𝜸
𝒑𝟏 𝑻𝟏 ⁄𝜸−𝟏
= [ ] ➔ p1 = 0.87 bar
𝒑𝟎𝟏 𝑻𝟎𝟏

Subs, p1 and T1 ➔ 𝜌1 = 1.06. kg/m3 ➔ A1 = 0.0934 m2


𝜋
𝐴1 = (𝐷𝑖2 − 𝐷02 ) ➔ Di = …….. cm
4

Pressure ratio, p3/p1 = 4


𝑝2 𝑝3
Given condition = ➔ 𝑝22 = 4 𝑝12 ➔ p2 = …… N/m2
𝑝1 𝑝2

𝑇2𝑠 −𝑇1 𝑝2
𝜂𝑐 = ➔ T2 = …… K ➔ 𝜌2 = ➔ 𝜌2 = ……. kg/m3
𝑇2 −𝑇1 𝑅 𝑇2

𝑚̇
𝐴2 = 𝜋𝐷2 𝑤2 = ➔ Width, w2 = ……… cm
𝜌2 𝐶𝑎2

Ans: P = 3375 kW; D2= 76.39 cm; T1 = 283.8 K; p1 = 0.87 bar; Ai = 0.0934 m2
Di= 37.6 cm; p2 = 1.746 bar; T2 = 366.73 K; w2 = 2.5 cm

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