DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ROBOTICS FOR

GREENHOUSE USING IOT

Roshan Zameer Ahmed5

School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, REVA University, Bangalore, India

ABSTRACT

This paper put forward a method to realize the communication between wireless sensors network and the internet.
The IOT (Internet of things) gateway is used as part of the greenhouse monitoring system. The IOT gateway uses
ARM7 (LPC-2148) as the MCU. The application demonstrates the gateway is reliable, compatible and extensible.
It provides the real-time detection, control and also the ability of intelligent greenhouse monitoring.Here we use
robotics which moves towards the plant to do the desired action requested by the user.

Keywords:Internet of things(IOT), ARM7(LPC2148), Robotics, Sensors, Wi-fi Module..

1. INTRODUCTION

We live in a world where everything can be controlled and operated automatically, but there still a few
important sectors in our country where automation has not been adopted or not been put to a full-fledged use,
perhaps because of several reasons one such reason is cost. One such field is that of agriculture. Agriculture has
been one of the primary occupations of man since early civilizations and even today manual interventions in
farming are inevitable. Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture and horticulture sectors in our
country as they can be used to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for optimum produce. This
enables the production of crops which otherwise could not be produced at that specific location. Automating a
greenhouse envisages monitoring and controlling of the climatic parameters which directly or indirectly govern
the plant growth and hence their produce.

The most important factors for the quality and productivity of plant growth are temperature, humidity and light.
Continuous monitoring of these environmental variables provides valuable information to the grower to better
understand, how each factor affects growth and how to maximize crop productiveness. A greenhouse is a
building in which plants are grown for commercial or research purposes. These structures range in size from
small sheds to very large buildings, with different types of covering materials, such as a glass or plastic roof and
frequently glass or plastic walls; it heats up because incoming visible solar radiation (for which the glass is
transparent) from the sun is absorbed by plants, soil, and other things inside the building. Air warmed by the
heat from hot interior surfaces is retained in the building by the roof and wall. In addition, the warmed structures

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and plants inside the greenhouse re-radiate some of their thermal energy in the infrared spectrum, to which glass
is partly opaque, so some of this energy is also trapped inside the glasshouse. The proposed system is an
embedded system which will monitor and control the microclimatic parameters of a greenhouse on a regular
basis round the clock for cultivation of crops or specific plant species which could maximize their production
over the whole crop growth season and to eliminate the difficulties involved in the system by reducing human
intervention to the best possible extent using sensors, Analog to Digital Converter, microcontroller and actuators
.When any of the above mentioned climatic parameters cross a safety threshold which has to be maintained to
protect the crops, the sensors sense the change and the microcontroller reads this from the data at its input ports
after being converted to a digital form by the ADC . Since a microcontroller is used as the heart of the system,
it makes the set-up low-cost and effective nevertheless. As the system also employs an LCD display for
continuously alerting the user about the condition inside the greenhouse, the entire set-up becomes user friendly.
Thus, this system eliminates the drawbacks of the existing set-ups and is designed as an easy to maintain,
Automated, flexible and low cost solution.

1.1 LITERATURE SURVEY

The demand for the food crops is more in the present scenario. Now a day the cultivation of the crops in the
greenhouse under specified conditions which is suitable for the crops is increased.

The authors in [1] discussed an embedded systems approach to monitor green house. They are used an
embedded system approach to monitor and control the greenhouse parameters. They are measuring humidity,
temperature, pH of the water, soil wetness and light intensity by sensors. The message will be sent to the owner
through GSM. The authors in [2] have proposed Wireless sensing and control for precision greenhouse
management they used a CPU for monitoring ZigBee with PIC microcontroller to establish a wireless
communication between two distant locations. The range of the ZigBee is limited. Their main purpose is to
monitor and control only the temperature and humidity. The authors in [3] have discussed green house
monitoring and controlling using android mobile application .The new system developed to test the indoor
humidity. Complete system is designed to monitor and control the humidity inside the greenhouse. The software
used is an android phone, connected using WIFI to a central server which connected via serial communication to
microcontroller and humidity sensor. PC.M.K. The authors in [4] have discussed providing smart agricultural
solutions to farmers for better yielding using IOT. They explained about the IOT concept. The issues related to
the farmers are hampering the cause of our evolution. One of the solutions for these problems is to help farmers
using modernization techniques. This paper explains combining the advantages of the major characteristics of
emerging technologies such as IOT and web service. The authors in [5] have presented IOT based green house
monitoring system the monitoring of the vital parameters of greenhouse namely temperature and soil moisture
through IOT is explained .irrespective of our place where we are, we can control the parameters.

2. PROPOSED WORK

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Basing on the development of society, maintaining traditional way of agriculture can’t satisfy people’s
requirements. To overcome this problem traditional way greenhouse is monitored and maintained to great extent
using a technology called IOT. Most physical variables relevant in a greenhouse can be measured by automatic
sensors. This holds for temperature, light, soil moisture, and relative humidity. Precipitation can also be
detected, although it is somewhat less common. All the mentioned physical variables are sampled and stored
electronically at regular intervals when something is changing. Overall, the measurements provide quite a good
input-output picture of the physical part of the greenhouse crop system. .We propose a contribution to the
development of greenhouse monitoring. This paper presents the design and development of an electronic system
based on a microcontroller that integrates remote sensing functions rooted to cloud computing using Internet of
Things (IOT). The system allows the acquisition of different climatic parameters in an agricultural greenhouse
and in addition, this electronic system achieves the remote monitoring of greenhouse solutions, by cloud
computing solutions (Internet of Things) and robotics.

2.1 METHODOLOGY

The main purpose of this paper is to monitor the conditioning of the plants in any circumstances. As we consider
the parameters of the plants as the input , the information of the plant will be in the form of analog ,to convert
this the ARM7 board consists of in-build analog to digital converter (ADC) here the data will be converted and
it will be displayed on the LCD screen at any instant of time . And if the sensing value crosses the threshold
level then the driver circuit will automatically switches the related automation control. This complete process
will be done in the plant premises. We can check and monitor plant condition from any place at any instant of
time.

2.1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig1: Block diagram of greenhouse Monitoring system.

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As shown in fig1: the hardware design of the proposed method consists of 4 input sensor (i.e. temperature, soil
moisture, humidity, color sensor) and ARM7 (LPC-2148) acts as the heart controller of the design and WiFi for
the internet purpose. The final results will be display and checked in IOT app.

Sl.no Components Features and Description

5. Sensors Soil and Moisture Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Color Sensor, Temperature
Sensor(LM35)

4. RESULTS

We are monitoring the weather condition in the green house and make the information visible anywhere in the
world. The technology behind this is Internet of Things (IOT ), which is an advanced and efficient solution for
connecting the things to the internet and to connect entire world of things in a network. The operation of the
designed network platform, in terms application data about the conditions in the greenhouse (soil moisture and
temperature) as a function and time and date presented in the graphs.

Fig 1a. Shows the output of greenhouse temperature variance.

Fig 1b. shows the greenhouse moisture variance.

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5. CONCLUSION

This paper gives a step-by-step approach in designing the microcontroller based system for measurement and
control of the four essential parameters for plant growth, i.e. temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and color has
shown that the system performance is quite reliable and accurate. This will reduce the time of using the manual
way of watering. Fewer workers are needed to maintain the plants or crops. The sensors such as temperature
sensor (Thermistor) and soil moisture probe are used to control the temperature and watering in the greenhouse.
The system has successfully overcome quite a few shortcomings of the existing systems by reducing the power
consumption, maintenance and complexity, at a reduced cost and at the same time providing a flexible and
precise form of maintaining the environment. . Here we use robotics which provides the comfort of automation.

REFERENCES

[1] K. Rangan, T. Vigneswaran, “An Embedded Systems Approach to Monitor Green House”, IEEE
2010 .
[2] Akshay C., NitinKarnwal, Abhfeeth K.A., Rohan Khandelwal, Tapas Govindraju, Ezhilarasi D, Sujan Y.,
“Wireless sensing and control for precision Greenhouse management”, IEEE 2012.
[3] AjiHanggoro, Mahesa Adhitya Putra, Rizki Reynaldo, RiriFitri Sari, “Green House
Monitoring and Controlling Using Android Mobile Application”, IEEE 2013.
[4] M.K.Gayatri, J.Jayasakthi and Dr.G.S. Anandha Mala, “ Providing Smart Agricultural Solutions to
Farmers for better yielding using IoT”, IEEE International Conference on Technological Innovations in ICT
for Agriculture and Rural Development 2015.
[5] Viswanath Naik.S1, S.Pushpa Bai1, Rajesh.P2, Mallikarjuna Naik.B2, “IOT based green house monitoring
system”, Volume 6, Issue 6, pp. 45-47, 2015.
[6]Sensors- the journal of applied sensing technology, “Advanstar Communicationic”.
.

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