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SwOS/CSS326
< SwOS
Warning: This manual is moved to https://help.mikrotik.com/docs/display/SWOS/SwOS

Contents
Summary
CSS326 features
Connecting to the Switch
Interface Overview
System
DHCP & PPPoE Snooping
Health
Password and Backup
Link
SFP
Port Isolation
LAG
Forwarding
RSTP
Stats, Errors and Histogram
VLAN and VLANs
VLAN Configuration Examples
Hosts
IGMP Snooping
SNMP Tab
ACL Tab
Conditions part parameters
Action part parameters
Reset and Reinstall

Summary
SwOS is an operating system designed specifically for administration of MikroTik switch products.

SwOS is configurable from your web browser. It gives you all the basic functionality for a managed switch, plus more: allows to manage port-to-port
forwarding, broadcast storm control, apply MAC filter, configure VLANs, mirror traffic, apply bandwidth limitation and even adjust some MAC and IP
header fields.

Warning: Each RouterBOARD switch series device has its own firmware which cannot be installed on other series models! CSS326-24G-
2S+ supports SwOS v2.0 and newer.

CSS326 features
Features Description
Forwarding
Full non-blocking wirespeed switching
Up to 16k MAC entries in Host table
Forwarding Database works based on SVL or IVL
Port Isolation
Jumbo frame support - 10218 bytes

Spanning Tree Protocol

RSTP support

Link Aggregation
Supports 802.3ad LACP groups
Supports static link aggregation groups
Up to 16 link aggregation groups

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Up to 8 member ports per a group
Hardware automatic failover and load balancing

Multicast Forwarding
IGMP Snooping support
Unknown Multicast Filtering

Mirroring
Port based mirroring

VLAN
Fully compatible with IEEE802.1Q
Port based VLAN
Up to 250 VLAN entries (limited by SwOS)
VLAN filtering

Security
Port Lock
Broadcast Storm Control
DHCP & PPPoE Snooping

Quality of Service (QoS)

Ingress traffic limiting

Access Control List

Ingress ACL tables
Up to 32 ACL rules (limited by SwOS)
Classification based on ports, L2, L3, L4 protocol header fields
ACL actions include filtering, forwarding and modifying of the protocol header fields

Connecting to the Switch

Open your web browser and enter IP address of your Switch (192.168.88.1 by default) and login screen will appear.

CSS326-24G-2S+ SwOS Login

SwOS default IP address: 192.168.88.1, user name: admin and there is no password.

Note: MikroTik Neighbor Discovery protocol tools can be used to discover IP address of Mikrotik switch. Manual:IP/Neighbor_discovery.
Currently LLDP is not supported.

Interface Overview
CSS326-24G-2S+ SwOS interface menu consists of multiple tabs: Link, SFP, SFP Status, Port Isolation, LAG, Forwarding, Stats, Errors, Histogram,
VLAN, VLANs, Static Hosts, Hosts, SNMP, ACL, System and Upgrade.

Description of buttons in SwOS configuration tool:

Append - add new item to the end of the list

Apply All - applies current configuration changes

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Cut - removes item from the list
Clear - resets properties of the item
Discard Changes - removes unsaved configuration
Insert - add new item to the list (places it before current item)
Sort - sort VLAN table by VLAN-IDs; sort host table by MAC addresses

Change Password - changes password of the switch

Logout - logout from current Switch
Reboot - reboot the switch
Reset Configuration - reset configuration back to factory defaults
Choose File - browse for upgrade or backup file
Upgrade - upgrade firmware of the Switch
Restore Backup - restore Switch using selected backup file
Save Backup - generate and download backup file from the Switch

System
System Tab performs the following functions:

General information about Switch

Switch management
Configuration reset
Backup and restore configuration

Note: SwOS uses a simple algorithm to ensure TCP/IP communication - it just replies to the same IP and MAC address packet came from.
This way there is no need for Default Gateway on the device itself.

General Settings

Property Description
Address Acquisition Specify which address acquisition method to use:
DHCP with fallback - For first 10 seconds switch uses DHCP client. If request is unsuccessful, then
address is set as a Static IP Address value
static - Address is set as a Static IP Address value
DHCP only - Switch uses DHCP client to acquire address
Static IP Address IP address of the switch in case of Address Acquisition is set as DHCP with fallback or static

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Identity Name of the switch (for Mikrotik Neighbor Discovery protocol)
Allow From IP address from which the switch is accessible. Default value is '0.0.0.0/0' - any address
Allow From Ports List of switch ports from which it is accessible
Allow From VLAN VLAN ID from which the switch is accessible (VLAN Mode on ingress port must be other than disabled in
order to connect)
Watchdog Enable or disable system Watchdog. It will reset CPU of the switch in case of fault condition
Independent VLAN Lookup Enable or disable independent VLAN lookup in the Host table for packet forwarding
IGMP Snooping Enable or disable IGMP Snooping
IGMP Fast Leave Enables or disables IGMP fast leave feature on the switch port. This property only has an effect when IGMP
Snooping is enabled
Mikrotik Discovery Protocol Enable or disable Mikrotik Neighbor Discovery protocol
MAC Address MAC address of the switch (Read-only)
Serial Number Serial number of the switch (Read-only)
Board Name MikroTik model name of the switch (Read-only)
Uptime Current switch uptime (Read-only)

DHCP & PPPoE Snooping

CSS326-24G-2S+ DHCP & PPPoE snooping settings

Property Description
Trusted Ports Group of ports, which allows DHCP or PPPoE servers to provide a requested information. Mainly used to limit
unauthorized servers to provide malicious information for users, access ports usually do not configure as
trusted
Add Information Option Enables or disables DHCP Option-82 information. When enabled, the Option-82 information (Agent Remote ID
and Circuit ID) is added for DHCP packets received from untrusted ports. Can be used together with Option-82
capable DHCP server to assign IP addresses and implement policies

Health

CSS326-24G-2S+ Health

Property Description
Temperature Shows PCB temperature in celsius temperature scale (Read-only)

Password and Backup

CSS326-24G-2S+ System Management Settings

Link

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Link Tab allows you to:

Configure Ethernet and SFP+ ports

Monitor link status of Ethernet and SFP+ ports

CSS326-24G-2S+ Link Settings

Property Description
Enabled Enable or disable port
Name Editable port name
Link Status Current link status (Read-only)
Auto Negotiation Enable or disable auto negotiation
Speed Specify speed setting of the port (requires auto negotiation to be disabled)
Full Duplex Specify duplex mode of the port (requires auto negotiation to be disabled)
Flow control Tx/Rx Enable or disable 802.3x Flow control

SFP
SFP tab allows you to monitor status of SFP modules.

SFP Tab

Port Isolation
Port Isolation table allows or restricts traffic forwarding between specific ports. By default, all available switch chip ports can communicate with any
other port, there is no isolation used. When the checkbox is enabled/ticked you allow to forward traffic from this port towards the ticked port. Below are
some port isolation examples.

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In some scenarios you might need to isolate a group of In some scenarios you might need to forward all traffic Individual isolated Port1 (e.g. for management
devices from other groups. In this example devices on to an uplink port while all other ports are isolated from purpose), it cannot send or receive traffic from any
Port1-Port5 are not able to communicate with Port6- each other. This kind of setup is called Private VLAN other port
Port10 devices, and vice versa. configuration. The switch will forward all Ethernet
frames only to the uplink Port1, while uplink can reach
all other ports

Note: It is possible to check/uncheck multiple checkboxes by checking one of them and then dragging horizontally (Click & Drag).

Note: (R)STP will only work properly in Private VLAN setups. In setups with multiple isolated switch groups (R)STP might not properly
receive BPDUs and therefore fail to detect network loops.

LAG
CSS326-24G-2S+ supports 802.3ad (LACP) compatible link aggregation as well as static link aggregation to ensure failover and load balancing based on
Layer2, Layer3 and Layer4 hashing.

Up to 16 link aggregation groups with up to 8 ports per a group are supported.

CSS326-24G-2S+ LAG Tab

Each individual port can be configured as Passive LACP, Active LACP or a Static LAG port.

Property Description
Mode (default: passive) Specify LACP packet exchange mode or Static LAG mode on ports:
Passive: Place port in listening state, use LACP only when it's contrary port uses active LACP mode

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Active: Prefer to start LACP regardless contrary port mode
Static: Set port in a Static LAG mode
Property Description
Group Specify a Static LAG group
Trunk (read only) Represents group number port belongs to.
Partner (read only) Represents partner mac-address.

Forwarding
Forwarding Tab provides advanced forwarding options among switch ports, port locking, port mirroring, bandwidth limit and broadcast storm control
features.

CSS326-24G-2S+ Forwarding Settings

Property Description
Port Lock
Port Lock - Enables or disables MAC address learning on this port. When option is enabled, it will restrict
MAC address learning and static MAC addresses should be configured. Any received frames with unknown
source MAC address will be dropped
Lock On First - Allows to learn source MAC address from the first received frame, this property should be
used together with Port Lock. Learning of the first MAC address will reset every time an interface status
changes

Port Mirroring
Mirror Ingress - Whether traffic entering this port must be copied and forwarded to mirroring target port
Mirror Egress - Whether traffic leaving this port must be copied and forwarded to mirroring target port
Mirror To - Mirroring target port
Broadcast Storm Control
Storm Rate (%) - Limit the number of broadcast packets transmitted by an interface. The rate is
measured in percents of the link speed.

Include Unknown Unicast - Include unicast packets without an entry in host table in Storm Rate
limitation

Multicast Flood Control

Flood Unknown Multicast - Changes the multicast flood option on switch port, only controls the egress
traffic. When enabled, the bridge allows flooding multicast packets to the specified switch port, but when
disabled, it restricts multicast traffic from being flooded. The setting affects all multicast traffic, this includes
non-IP, IPv4, IPv6 and the link-local multicast ranges (e.g. 224.0.0.0/24 and ff02::1).

Bandwidth Limit
Ingress Rate - Limit traffic entering this port (bps)

Note: It is possible to limit ingress traffic per port basis with traffic policer. The ingress policer controls the received traffic with packet
drops. Everything that exceeds the defined limit will get dropped. This can affect the TCP congestion control mechanism on end hosts and
achieved bandwidth can be actually less than defined.

RSTP

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Per port and global RSTP configuration and monitoring is available in the RSTP menu.

CSS326-24G-2S+ RSTP Settings

Property Description
Bridge Priority (hex) RSTP bridge priority for Root Bridge selection
Port Cost Mode There are two methods for automatically detecting RSTP port cost depending on link speed.
short: 10G - 2; 1G - 4; 100M - 10; 10M - 100
long: 10G - 2000; 1G - 20000; 100M - 200000; 10M - 2000000

Root Bridge The priority and MAC address of the selected Root Bridge in the network (Read-only)
Property Description
RSTP Enable or disable STP/RSTP functionality on this port
Mode Shows STP/RSTP functionality mode on specific port (Read-only):
RSTP
STP

Role Shows specific port role (Read-only):

root - port that is facing towards the root bridge and will be used to forward traffic from/to the root bridge
alternate - port that is facing towards root bridge, but is not going to forward traffic (a backup for root port)
backup - port that is facing away from the root bridge, but is not going to forward traffic (a backup for non-
root port)
designated - port that is facing away from the root bridge and is going to forward traffic
disabled - port that is not strictly part of STP (RSTP functionality is disabled)

Root Path Cost Shows root path cost for ports that are facing root bridge (Read-only)
Type
edge - ports that are not supposed to receive any BPDUs, should be connected to end station (Read-only)
point-to-point - ports that operates in full-duplex links, can be part of STP and operate in forwarding
state (Read-only)

State Shows each port state (Read-only):

forwarding - port participates in traffic forwarding and is learning MAC addresses, is receiving BPDUs
discarding - port does not participate in traffic forwarding and is not learning MAC addresses, is receiving
BPDU
learning - port does not participate in traffic forwarding, but is learning MAC addresses

Stats, Errors and Histogram

These menus provide detailed information about received and transmitted packets.

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CSS326-24G-2S+ Port Statistics

CSS326-24G-2S+ Port Statistics

CSS326-24G-2S+ Port Statistics

Note: Statistics for SFP+ interface are cleared whenever an active SFP+ link is established.

Note: Button "Reset Counters" will clear stats for all menus.

VLAN and VLANs

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VLAN configuration for switch ports.

CSS326-24G-2S+ Port VLAN Settings

Property Description
VLAN Mode (disabled | optional | enabled | strict; Default: VLAN filtering mode, these options are relevant to egress ports (except for strict mode).
optional)
disabled - VLAN table is not used. Switch discards packets with a VLAN tag on
egress ports. If the packet has a VLAN tag and the VLAN ID matches Default VLAN
ID on egress ports, then with VLAN Receive=any the switch will remove the VLAN
tag and forward the packet.
optional - Disabled VLAN filtering. Handle packets with VLAN tag ID that is not
present in VLAN table just like packets without VLAN tag.
enabled - Enabled VLAN filtering. Drop packets with VLAN tag ID that is not present
in VLAN table. Default VLAN ID must be specified for access ports since it will be
used to tag ingress traffic and untag egress traffic for the certain port.
strict - Enabled VLAN filtering with additional ingress filtering, which checks if the
ingress port is a member of the received VLAN ID in the VLAN table. Received
packets on the ingress port with a VLAN ID that does not match with VLAN table will
be dropped. Default VLAN ID must be specified for access ports since it will be used
to tag ingress traffic and untag egress traffic for the certain port.
VLAN Receive (any | only tagged | only untagged; Default: Ingress traffic filtering based on VLAN tag presence.
optional)
any - Allows tagged and untagged packets on a certain port
only tagged - Allows only packets with a VLAN tag
only untagged - Allows only packets without a VLAN tag

Default VLAN ID (integer: 1..4095; Default: 1) VLAN ID which will be assigned on ingress traffic. Only has effect on untagged traffic, it
will be ignored for tagged traffic. This parameter is usually used to allocate access ports
with specific VLAN. It is also used to untag egress traffic if packet's VLAN ID matches
Default VLAN ID.
Force VLAN ID (integer: yes | no; Default: no) Assigns the Default VLAN ID value to all ingress traffic (tagged and untagged). Has
effect in all VLAN Modes. If port receives tagged traffic and Default VLAN ID is set to
1, then with this parameter the egress traffic will be untagged.

VLAN membership configuration for switch ports.

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CSS326-24G-2S+ VLAN Table Settings

Property Description
VLAN ID (integer: 1..4095; Default: 0) VLAN ID to which assign ports.
Name (text; Default: ) Short description of the VLAN.
Port Isolation (yes | no; Default: yes) Use settings from Port Isolation menu to isolate the defined VLAN to only certain
ports. When disabled, the switch will ignore port isolation configuration and forward
traffic with the defined VLAN ID only to ports that are checked as members.
Learning (yes | no; Default: yes) Enables or disables MAC address learning on the defined VLAN. If disabled, then all
learned MAC addresses will appear as they have had been learned from VLAN 1.
Mirror (yes | no; Default: no) Enables or disables VLAN based mirroring. When enabled and Mirror To is set in the
Forwarding menu, then all traffic from the defined VLAN will be mirrored to the selected
port.
IGMP Snooping (yes | no; Default: no) Enables or disables IGMP Snooping on the defined VLAN. When enabled, the switch will
listen to IGMP Join and Leave requests from the defined VLAN and only forward traffic
to ports, which have sent IGMP membership requests from the defined VLAN. When
disabled, the switch will flood all VLAN member ports with Multicast traffic.
Members (ports; Default: none) Group of ports, which are allowed to forward traffic on the defined VLAN.

VLAN Configuration Examples

Simple trunk and access port configuration, as well as trunk and hybrid port configuration examples can be found in this article - SWOS/CSS326-VLAN-
Example.

Hosts
This table represents dynamically learnt MAC address to port mapping entries. It can contain two kinds of entries: dynamic and static. Dynamic entries
get added automatically, this is also called a learning process: when switch receives a packet from certain port, it adds the packet's source MAC address
and port it received the packet from to host table, so when a packet comes in with certain destination MAC address it knows to which port it should
forward the packet. If the destination MAC address is not present in host table then it forwards the packet to all ports in the group. Dynamic entries take
about 5 minutes to time out. CSS326-24G-2S+ supports 16383 host table entries.

Static entries will take over dynamic if dynamic entry with same mac-address already exists. Also by adding a static entry you get access to some more
functionality.

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CSS326-24G-2S+ Host Table

Property Description
Ports Ports the packet should be forwarded to
MAC MAC address
VLAN ID VLAN ID
Drop Packet with certain MAC address coming from certain ports can be dropped
Mirror Packet can be cloned and sent to mirror-target port
Property Description
Port Ports the packet should be forwarded to (Read-only)
MAC Learned MAC address (Read-only)
VLAN ID Learned VLAN ID (Read-only)

IGMP Snooping
IGMP Snooping which controls multicast streams and prevents multicast flooding is implemented in SwOS starting from version 2.5. The feature allows
a switch to listen in the IGMP conversation between hosts and routers.

Enable option under System tab.

IGMP Snooping under System tab

Available IGMP snooping data can be found under IGMP tab:

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CRS/CSS3XX series IGMP Snooping

Possibility to enable IGMP Snooping for specific VLAN ID.

Note: IGMP Snooping for VLANs requires enabled "Independent VLAN Lookup" in the System menu.

CRS/CSS3XX series IGMP Snooping

SNMP Tab
SwOS supports SNMP v1 and uses IF-MIB, SNMPv2-MIB, BRIDGE-MIB and MIKROTIK-MIB (only for health and SFP diagnostics) for SNMP
reporting.

Available SNMP data:

System information
System uptime
Port status
Interface statistics
Host table information

SNMP settings

Property Description
Enabled Enable or disable SNMP service
Community SNMP community name
Contact Info Contact information for the NMS
Location Location information for the NMS

ACL Tab
An access control list (ACL) rule table is very powerful tool allowing wire speed packet filtering, forwarding and VLAN tagging based on L2,L3 protocol
header field conditions. Each rule contains a conditions part and an action part.

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Conditions part parameters

Property Description
From Port that packet came in from
MAC Src Source MAC address and mask
MAC Dst Destination MAC address and mask
Ethertype Protocol encapsulated in the payload of an Ethernet Frame
VLAN
VLAN header presence:

any
present
not present

VLAN ID VLAN tag ID

Priority Priority in VLAN tag
IP Src (IP/netmask:port) Source IPv4 address, netmask and L4 port number
IP Dst (IP/netmask:port) Destination IPv4 address, netmask and L4 port number
Protocol (integer) IP protocol
DSCP IP DSCP field

Action part parameters

Property Description
Redirect To Force new packets destination port
Mirror Clones packet and sends it to mirror-target port
Rate Limits bandwidth (bps)
Drop Drop packet
Set VLAN ID Changes the VLAN tag ID, if VLAN tag is present
Priority Changes the VLAN tag priority bits, if VLAN tag is present

Reset and Reinstall

CSS326-24G-2S+RM has built-in backup SwOS firmware which can be loaded in case standard firmware breaks or upgrade fails:

Holding Reset button for few seconds while CSS326-24G-2S+RM is booting resets configuration and loads backup firmware SwOS 2.0p.

After loading backup firmware SwOS 2.0p it is possible to connect to 192.168.88.1 using web browser and install new SwOS firmware.

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