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Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling (BIM) is a process that generates and manages digital representations of physical buildings and infrastructure. BIM files contain data on the functional and physical characteristics of a building that can be shared, extracted and used for decision making across the project lifecycle. Current BIM software is used by construction professionals, businesses and governments to design, build, operate and maintain infrastructure like buildings, bridges and tunnels. BIM allows for virtual construction of a project beforehand to reduce risks and costs by enabling clash detection and pre-fabrication of components. It also facilitates extracting quantities and properties of materials as well as defining scopes of work.

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Mario Marrugat Rodríguez
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25 views

Building Information Modeling

Building information modeling (BIM) is a process that generates and manages digital representations of physical buildings and infrastructure. BIM files contain data on the functional and physical characteristics of a building that can be shared, extracted and used for decision making across the project lifecycle. Current BIM software is used by construction professionals, businesses and governments to design, build, operate and maintain infrastructure like buildings, bridges and tunnels. BIM allows for virtual construction of a project beforehand to reduce risks and costs by enabling clash detection and pre-fabrication of components. It also facilitates extracting quantities and properties of materials as well as defining scopes of work.

Uploaded by

Mario Marrugat Rodríguez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Building information modeling (BIM) is a process involving the generation and management of

digital representations of physical and functional characteristics of places. Building information


models (BIMs) are files (often but not always in proprietary formats and containing proprietary
data) which can be extracted, exchanged or networked to support decision-making regarding a
building or other built asset. Current BIM software is used by individuals, businesses and
government agencies who plan, design, construct, operate and maintain diverse physical
infrastructures, such as water, refuse, electricity, gas, communication utilities, roads, railways,
bridges, ports, and tunnels.

Although new technologies are constantly being developed to complement current practices in
creating greener structures, the common objective of green buildings is to reduce the overall
impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:

Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources

Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity (see healthy building)

Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation[3]

A similar concept is natural building, which is usually on a smaller scale and tends to focus on
the use of natural materials that are available locally.[6] Other related topics include
sustainable design and green architecture. Sustainability may be defined as meeting the needs
of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
needs.[7] Although some green building programs don't address the issue of retrofitting
existing homes, others do, especially through public schemes for energy efficient
refurbishment. Green construction principles can easily be applied to retrofit work as well as
new construction.

BIM in construction management

Participants in the building process are constantly challenged to deliver successful projects
despite tight budgets, limited manpower, accelerated schedules, and limited or conflicting
information. The significant disciplines such as architectural, structural and MEP designs should
be well-coordinated, as two things can’t take place at the same place and time. BIM
additionally is able to aid in collision detection, identifying the exact location of discrepancies.

The BIM concept envisages virtual construction of a facility prior to its actual physical
construction, in order to reduce uncertainty, improve safety, work out problems, and simulate
and analyze potential impacts. Sub-contractors from every trade can input critical information
into the model before beginning construction, with opportunities to pre-fabricate or pre-
assemble some systems off-site. Waste can be minimised on-site and products delivered on a
just-in-time basis rather than being stock-piled on-site.
Quantities and shared properties of materials can be extracted easily. Scopes of work can be
isolated and defined. Systems, assemblies and sequences can be shown in a relative scale with
the entire facility or group of facilities. BIM also prevents errors by enabling conflict or 'clash
detection' whereby the computer model visually highlights to the team where parts of the
building (e.g.:structural frame and building services pipes or ducts) may wrongly intersect.

What can BIM provide to improve the environment?

 Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources


 Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity (healthy building:
Supports the physical, psychological, and social health and well-being of people in
buildings and the built environment.)
 Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation.
 Natural building, which is usually on a smaller scale and tends to focus on the use of
natural materials that are available
 Life cycle assessment: assessing a full range of impacts, from extraction of raw
materials through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and
maintenance, and disposal or recycling. Although LCA is widely recognized as the
best way to evaluate the environmental impacts of buildings it is not yet a
consistent requirement of green building rating systems and codes, despite the fact
that embodied energy and other life cycle impacts are critical to the design of
environmentally responsible buildings.

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