Basic Sentence Patterns Subject – Linking Verb – Subject Complement

Sentence Patterns Teachers are our second parents.

ELEMENTS OF A SENTENCE S LV PN
• Subject – doer of the action/ topic of the sentence
What is a PN?
• Predicate – states something about the subject
• A predicate nominative or a predicate noun completes
• Direct Object – receives the action done by the
a linking verb and renames the subject.
subject
• Indirect Object - precedes the direct object and tells to
Examples of S-LV-PN sentences
whom or for whom the action of the verb is done and
Anne is the boss.
who is receiving the direct object
Whales and sharks are mammals.
The girl should be the captain.
HOW TO FIND THE SENTENCE PARTS
My mother is a teacher.
START with the VERB!
Philippines is the “Pearl of the Orient Seas.
To find the predicate: locate an action verb, linking verb,
or verb phrase NEXT… look for the SUBJECT.
Subject – Linking Verb – Subject Complement
To find the subject: Ask who/what [verb]? A sentence
Her pies are very sweet.
may have a DIRECT OBJECT, INDIRECT OBJECT, or BOTH!
S LV PA
To find the direct object: Ask [verb] what?
To find the indirect object: Ask [verb] to/for
What is a P.A.?
whom/what? EXAMPLE: I gave Mom a bouquet of
• A predicate adjective follows a linking verb and
weeds.
describes the subject.
PREDICATE: action/linking/verb phrase gave
SUBJECT: Who/What [gave]? I
Examples of s-lv-pa sentences
Direct Object: [gave] what? a bouquet of weeds
His behavior has been outrageous.
Indirect Object: [gave] to whom? Mom
Niña is so beautiful.
That garbage on the street smells bad.
Subject – Intransitive Verb
He is dead.
Maria cooperated voluntarily.
The man was very accommodating.
S IV
Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object
What is an intransitive verb?
Object Complement
•An intransitive verb is a verb without a direct object.
He called the cashier beautiful.
S TV DO OC
Examples of S-IV sentences
I wrote legibly.
What is an O.C.?
Michael and Gabriel woke and yawned.
• An object complement is a noun, pronoun, or
He prays every day.
adjective which follows a direct object and renames it
Students should study every night. She reads silently.
or tells what the direct object has become.
Subject-Transitive Verb-Direct Object
Examples of S-TV-DO-OC sentences
The students helped the barangay.
The class elected Nadine president.
S TV DO
Cathy cut her hair short.
The child made her mother happy.
What is a transitive verb?
Many people find martial arts challenging.
•A transitive verb is a verb that requires both a subject
Some pet owners consider their dogs their children.
and a direct object.
Subject-Transitive Verb-Indirect Object-Direct Object
Examples of s-tv-do sentences
Liza gave the children gifts.
Someone ate my sandwich.
S TV IO DO
Mikko reads the dictionary for pleasure.
The campers fear the bears. The board showed their
approval. I played the piano.
Examples of S-TV-io-do sentences pitch of a used-car dealer or the campaign speech of a
Mom will paint Gabriel a picture. political candidate.
He will give Mrs. Perez the message. Focuses on evaluating whether a message is logical and
Yvann surprised his sister with a reward. reasonable asks you to make judgements based on your
I teach the students English. evaluation of the speaker’s arguments.
Pearl sent Tom a book. Challenges the speaker’s message by evaluating its
accuracy and meaningfulness, and utility.
LISTENING Uses critical thinking skills.
LISTENING is the process of receiving, constructing
meaning from, and responding to a spoken and/ or STEPS IN ACTIVE LISTENING
nonverbal message (International Reading Association). Listening carefully by using all available senses.
Paraphrasing what is heard both mentally and verbally.
TYPES OF LISTENING Checking your understanding to ensure accuracy.
Providing feedback.
Appreciative Listening
Emphatic Listening 20 Rules of Subject Verb Agreement
Comprehensive/Active Listening Critical/ Analytical The Rules
Listening Subjects and verbs must agree in number.

Appreciative Listening
It is listening for pleasure and enjoyment, as when we
listen to music, to a comedy routine, or to an
entertaining speech.
It also describes how well speakers choose and use
words, use humor, ask questions. tell stories, and argue
persuasively.

Emphatic Listening
It is listening to provide emotional support for the
speaker, as when a psychiatrist listens to a patient or
when we lend a sympathetic ear to a friend.
Focuses on understanding and identifying with a
person’s situation, feelings, or motives.
The listener does not necessarily agree or feel the same
way with the speaker instead understand the type and
intensity of feelings the speaker is experiencing without
judgement.

Comprehensive/ Active Listening

It is listening to understand the message of a speaker,
as when we attend a classroom lecture or listen to
directions for finding a friend’s house.
It focuses on accurately understanding the meaning of
the speaker’s words while simultaneously interpreting
non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, gestures,
posture, and vocal quality.
During a question-and-answer sessions, speakers use
comprehensive listening skills to accurately interpret
the audience’s questions.

Critical/ Analytical Listening

It is listening to evaluate a message for purposes of
accepting or rejecting it, as when we listen to the sales