Scribd
Upload
106 views2 pages

Estimation: Unbiased Estimates of Population Mean and Variance

This document discusses population parameters, sample statistics, and methods for estimating population values from samples. Specifically, it notes that: 1) Population parameters are denoted with Greek letters while sample statistics use Roman letters. 2) Unbiased estimates of a population's mean and variance are those where the expected value of the statistic equals the true population parameter. 3) The variance of a sample estimate of a population's variance is equal to the population variance divided by the sample size.

Uploaded by

Strix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
106 views2 pages

Estimation: Unbiased Estimates of Population Mean and Variance

This document discusses population parameters, sample statistics, and methods for estimating population values from samples. Specifically, it notes that: 1) Population parameters are denoted with Greek letters while sample statistics use Roman letters. 2) Unbiased estimates of a population's mean and variance are those where the expected value of the statistic equals the true population parameter. 3) The variance of a sample estimate of a population's variance is equal to the population variance divided by the sample size.

Uploaded by

Strix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

6.

Estimation
Syllabus A2 Statistic

Be cautious which is population, which is sample

Population's parameters are denoted by Greek letters: μ, σ 2

Population's parameters estimated from a sample are denoted by Roman letters: x, s2

Unbiased estimates of population mean and variance:


Sampling error will cause bias results, bias = ∣s2 − μ2 ∣
Estimates of a population’s mean and variance are called population statistics

Statistic is not bias estimate of a given population parameter only when x =μ


^ is some statistic derived from a random sample taken from a population, then
If U
^ is an unbiased estimate for U if E(U
U ^) = U

The larger the population variance, the data is more spreading so it's less likely the
sample data can be representative to the population
n−1
E(V ) = × σ 2 ; expected variance from all the possible sample of the
n
population

Variance for the population can be estimated as:

⭐ s = 21
n−1
(∑x −
2 (∑ x)2
n
)=
∑(x − x)2
n−1
; where n is the

sample size

We can use X (n) ∼ N(x, s2 /n) to prove hypotheses

Confidence interval for population mean:

6. Estimation 1
When estimated, 95% of sample means x lie
within the 95% confidence interval (CI) ⭐ (x − z.
σ
n
;x +
Note that CI's % is two-tailed, minus 2 sides
)
σ
z.
Higher percentage means more range n
covered
σ
Sample size n increases narrows the interval is standard error
n

Using large sample:

6. Estimation 2

You might also like