f ch eel Des cad e reuns and Other us ‘Ompression Members 157 Chapter 04 Columns and Other Compression Members ara 41 INTRODUCTION giructural members subjected to axial compressive loads are often called by names identifying their functions. Of these, the best-known are columns, the main vertical compression members in a building frame. Other common compression members include chords in trusses and bracing riiembers in frames. For building columns, W shape having nominal depths of 350 mm or less are commonly used, These sections, being rather square in-shape, are more efficient than others for carrying compressive loads. (Deeper sections are more efficient as beams). Built-up sections are needed in large structures for very heavy loads that cannot be supported by individual rolled shapes. For bracing and compression members in light trusses, single-angle members are suitable. However, equal-leg angles may be more economical than wnequal-leg angles because their least radius of gyration are greater for the same steel area. For top chord members of bolted or welded roof trusses, a pair of angles (usually unequal, with long legs back-to-back) are used with or without gusset plates. Structural tees may also be used as top chord members for welded roof trusses. 4.2 EULER'S COLUMN BUCKLING THEORY Column design and analysis are based on the Euler buckling load theory, (Leonard fle, 1757) “His analysis is based on the differential equation of the elastic curt: owever, specific factors of safety and slenderness ratio limitations are appl "om purely theoretical concepts. , | ill fail by ead 4 column is loaded to the buckling load or Euler load, a column will fail by len buckling. or bending. Scarred with CarScannerFundam | Chapter 04 - Columns and Other Structurat Genta Compression Members 158 Ifthe Eq. 44 And the Euler critical stress is: HE F,» & TE ar, 1/A but JI7A = rand 1/A=?? he Eq.42 sry ‘The modulus of elasticity term, E, implies that Eq. 4.1 and Eq. 4.2 are valid as long as the stress remains in the elastic region. These equations show that the buckling stress is not a function of material strength. Rather, it is a function of the ratio L/rknown as the slenderness ratio, SR. ‘As the slenderness ratio increases, the buckling stress decreases, meaning that as the column becomes longer and more slender, the load that cause buckling becomes smaller. . 4.3 EFFECTIVE LENGTH Real columns do not have pin-connected ends. The restraints placed on a column's ends greatly affect its stability. To counter these effects, an effective length factor, K i nsed ta modify the unbraced length. The product KL is called the effective lengtt of the sok, This length approximates the length over which the columa actually buckles and this may be shorter or longer than the actual unbraced lengt* Re VE peered 3 (KL/P fa 4 Sconved with CaScannerChapter 04 ~ Columns and Other Compression Members 159 Table 4.1 - Effective Length Factors . 5 of mentals 0! eral steel Design f Jed shape of column is Buthown by dashed line Theoretical K value Recommended design value when ideal conditions are. 10.65 | 0.80] 1.2 | 1.0 | 21 | 20 approximated Rotation fixed and translation fixed End conditions code Rotation fixed and translation free Rotation free and translation free = “Z| Rotation free and transtation fixed el g 4 SLENDERNESS RATIO tel columns are usually subdivided into two groups: long and mtermediate lumns, depending on their slenderness ratio. There are two values of lerness ratios, SR, and SRy SR, = Kb F Eq. 44 ry - sp,- Kut £9.45 mit of elastic buckling tical slender ° the eli mess ratio, Cz, corresponds to the uppe! qual to O5F. BY wre Which is defined by an average column stress bstituting O5Fy for F, in Eq. 4.3, €a. 46 - | Scarred with CarScannerFundame | mi Otner es Chapter 04 - Columns and On structural emg | 160 Compression Members J = = minor ants ty ang with minor axis bracing thout minor axis bracing Use rt gt (Ow) (ery both SR, and SRy) Figure 4.1 - Minor Axis Buckling and Bracing 4.4.1 LIMITING SLENDERNESS RATIO accorsng to Section 5028,, the limiting slenderness ratio KL/r for members whose design 1s based on compressive force preferable shall not exceed 200. For member whose design is based on tensile force, the limiting slenderness ratio L/r preferable should not exceed 300 4.5 NSCP ALLOWABLE COMPRESSIVE STRESS “ The, allowable column stress varies with the-slenderness ratio Inelastic buckling occurs when SR s C,, and elastic buckling occurs when SR >-C; For Intermediate Columns, && «< ¢, os 7 [ee 2 9.47 2c?) FS p= 2 4 SRL Ir) (KL / n> east | act Sconved with CaScannereundamental ign Chapter as = Columns and Othe seeuctural gts ana KL Mbers 161 Tor bong Cots, where = > C, pg= 12 MARL [Yt Eqag ore AE as the larger value of Kets ang Kuty where : y a 4.6 LOCAL BUCKLING al buckling of a plafe element in a rolled shape or ot ember may occur before Euler buckling. The ability of ae sections to cane compressive loads without buckling is determined by the width-thickness ratio wn if shape is selected from NSCP tables, this ratio does not generally need to be evaluated. However, compression members constructed from structural tees structural tubing, and plates must be checked. ” Table 4.2 - H values of Width-thickness Ratios for Non-compact UNSTIFFENED ELEMENTS: Stems of tees S Double angles in contact Compression flanges of beams _ Angles or plates projecting from girders, l columns, or other compression members and | 250k. compression flange of plate girders Stiffeners on plate girders Flanges of tees and I-beams (use by/2) Single-angle struts or separated double-angle struts z Cover plates with multiple access holes Other uniformly compressed members =10 k= 4.05/(hh/ 1)04, if h/t > 70, otherwise ke Scored with CarScanner3 Fundamental Chapter 04 - Columns and Other Structural Stee! Des a 12 Compression Members * ened elem Compression, members are divided fo ‘ed Ex elements. ‘tiffened clements are supported along (WO. Fad Rese peel webs of W shapes and sides of box beams. Unstifenen fmnOer Oe cuphorted ‘long one edge only. Examples are flanges of W shane es | ‘| ts and unst stiffened compressive elements Figure 4.2 - fa : [som 1 | Figure 4.3 - Unstiffened compressive elements | | | 7 ] event local buckling, NSCP specifications (Section 506.2) requires Eq.4.10t0 et if the plate elements to be fully effective Values of H are listed in Table 42 Fk Eg. 410 + circular tubular sections whose ratios of out : tside d all thickness tisfy Eq. 4.11 are considered to be fully effective peice u 1S ‘Scanned with CanScannerChapter 04 _ Columns and ‘Other Compression Members UNSTIFFENED COMPRESSION ELEMENTS to Section 50: Aecori te whose width-thi 0 le Fa -b10 shall be subject to a red er jentals of pn ‘stee! Design struct 4 the allowable stress of ura Ness ratio exceeds the applica ed compression luction factor Q, ‘or-compact limit gor single angles: 200 on = $ When Vi hg 407 nia Qs= 1.340 ~ 0.001702(b/ 1) Vi Eq4.12 b , 407 When = > 2 ty 106,870 ? Eu AD . Eq. 4.1; Fes, 4.13 For angles or plates projecting from columns’ or other “compression members, and for projecting elements of compression flanges of beams and girders: When 249 b 512 Wilke! Fe 7k Q.= 1.293 - 0,001177(b/) [Fy Tke Eq4.t4 b.512 When 2 > 512 _ t fF Tke 180,640k, Eats Fy (b/4 Scored with CarScanner; Fundamentay Chapter 04 - Columns and other siraceural Steel bas 164 compression Members n For stems of tees: Wh pps hen 4 Fy Qx= 1.908 - .00272(6/0) Fv ; fa 416 462 When — > —= ote = 137,900 “Eq. 4.17 oF O/ 0? where Fy 1s in MPa 4.6.2 STIFFENED COMPRESSION ELEMENTS According to Section 502.622, when the width-thickness ratio of uniformly compressed stiffened elements (except perforated cover plates) exceeds the nor- compact limit given in Eq. 410, a reduced. effective -width b, shall be used in computing the design properties of the section containing the element, except that h/t heed not be taken as less than the applicable value given in the section. cor flanges of square and rectangular sections of uniform thickness: Wl C/T 664t L: . . Sls 1321 Js ean ‘or other uniformly compressed elements: "p= SOt ( 1163 re WF err) where b= actual wi adth of stiffened += element thickness compression element Scarred vith CanScarnerChapter 04 — Columns and Othe, Compression Members 165 uted compressive stress, MPa, T= cored the total cross sec! such that the maximum compre: element Tees not exceed FQ, oF FQ, erttals OF sig pide” creel De: fend lem , ‘ened element Ssive stress in the fened 28 applicapie * URsttfened ALLOWABLE STRESS He cite, stnss for" asially lowe alow od or stiffened elements shall not exc ‘OMPression me, ile bers, eed the following: C™aining khegee When == aC aot Eq. 4.21 2n2 Cee fa Eq. 4.22 y Q=20, i Eq. 4.23 4. Cross sections composed entirely of unstiffened elements, Q=Q,. b. Cross ge oss sections composed entirely of stiffened elements, Q = Qs © Cross sections composed of both stiffened and unstiffened elements, Q = QQ. % When HE cy r 12n2E Eq. 4.24 *” D(KL I Problem 43, Problem 4-4, Problem 4-8 and Problem 49. Scored with CarScannerChapter 04 - Columns and Other Fundamentals structural Steel Design n ‘ 166 Compression Members 4.7 COLUMN BASE PLATE Column loads transmitted to masonry 4 same bearing pressure limitations as beam’ loads. Column load Column lone Eq. 4.25, Aplate = Fr nd concrete foundations must meet ‘The required base plate area is; te. According to Section 510,102 tress of concrel d 1e following stresses apply: where F, is the allowable bearing 5 cde regulation th of NSCP, in.the In the absence of co On sandstone and limestone « Be iB wee On brick in cement mortar. i = 0a5: a oncrete support concrete On the full area of a ¢' ‘On less than the full area ofa support. F,=0.35fc Ax / Ar $079, concrete, MPa g on concrete support, mm? supporting surface that is ith the loaded area, mm? pressive strength of centrically bearin; f the portion of the ar to and concentric wi where: [<7 specified com ‘Ai = area of steel con ‘Ay = maximum area o! geometrically simi Fi iS Figure 4.4 - Base plate less than full area of concrete support. In deter ing the r plate thickness und of the baseplate outh under a W-shape column it i that patt utboard from 0.951 * O.8d rectangle acts as & “Story loaded cantilever, The all i (Section $06 319.1) * Pending stress, Fi, in the cantilever portion #8 oh Scored with CarScannerChapter 04 ~ Columns and O4 Compression me $ Figure 4.5 ~ W-shape column on sieel base plate sd. . x fg — im ATS RSE, Bye fp j Figure 4.6 - Cantilever portion outboard from rectangle R= Me. 6M a 1 bd b=1mm d= plate thickness M= moment at critical section M= f(x) (xf 2) = fy x2/2 fe Spx? 124 = nx 7 1?) e 3 fp Eq. 4.26 Scarred with CarScanner —Chapter 04 - Columns and Other Fundamentajs. 168 Compression Members Structural Stee! Design Eq. 4.27 where x is the larger value of m and n, and Fs= 0.75 Fy. The actual bearing pressure under the plate is: Column load an Jr” Sceaal plate area eee In most cases, it is desirable to have m = 1. ‘This will minimize the required plate thickness. In the case where the column base plate is just large enough the accommodate the column profile which makes m and 1 small, the column load is assumed to be Gistributed to an area much smaller than the base plate. The required thickness is determined as the larger of Eq. 4.28 or Eq. 4.29. _ Boe A : f Eq. 4.29 wre L is solved from Eq. 4.30. If L is imaginary, Eq. 4.29 is disregarded. Eq. 4.30 ‘Scarred with CanScannerChapt antals of ter 04 ~ coy Me Design Comoumns ana her ral ste MPFession KM) aot 1 Ce ~ 3 ‘ 12n7E 42n? (200,000) ae Be ie 2(KL/r)? 1 723(142.02) F,= 51.06 MPa | | Problem 43 used with a 10-mm gusset plate to create a op Two A36 L150 90 x 10 angles are Troed of a truss. The long legs are back-to-back making the short legs -Glements. Determine the axial loa are cd capacity for a length of 2 meters. J Scarred vith CanScarnerChapter 04 tals of = Coy and sree} DCSIIN lumns ang Compression Other x sorties of one L150 © 90 * 16. Members 171 Prot 2315 mm? p= 10mm 1.434 mmt ihe 1,460,745 mm* 7 = 20.6 7 - 49.9% Properties of 2L 150 * 90 x 10 with long legs back-to-back 7 2A = 4,630 mm? 2, = 10,662,868 mm* r= {T,7A =4799 2* [ly + Ax] ‘y= 2 (1,460,745 + 2.315(20.36 + 5)2] P, = 5,899,180 mmé [Py TA = 35.69 = rann Check local buckling: The 90-mm le unstiffened compression elements 6=90,t=10 mm ; b/t=9 gs of this double angle member are H= 200 from Table 4.2 H__ 200 = = 12.70 JF, Vas Since b/t < H/F, . the combination can fully develop compressive stress, 2 cs (Ege) ee) = 126.17 KL _ (2,000) r 3569 56.04 H/ [Fy the combination ‘cannot fully compressive stfess. Local buckling will reduce the section efficien = 10.77 develop cy 200 b “< | 402. _ 407 e077] < (2-167) < | = La (ze ! JF. Vea5 From Eq. 4:12: Q.= 1.340 - 0.001702(6/1) JF, » Qe= 1.340 - 0.001702(16:67) /345 Q=0813 ‘ Q=10° , 7 Q= Q,Q,= 1(0.813) Q=0813 y= [2m2E _ [2n?(200,000) QF, 1 0.813(345) C= 118.64 KL FT 57942<¢, Scored with CarScanner1 Chapter 04 - Columns and Other 74 Compression Members Since KL/r < Ci, 3 5. 3(KL/s) | (KL/ry Fs 3 + ae, “eco! 5, 37942) C242) 9g FS" 3° RIR64) 8(118.64) ; A2)?_) 345 Fe 0813119 18.64)" F,= 115.77 MPa [P=F.A] P= 115:77(6,942) P= 803,675.34 N = 803.67 KN Problem +S ‘A structural steel column with Fy = 250 MPa having an unbraced length of3 carry a total axial load of 1,800 KN. Which of the following section economical (lightest) for the given loads. The column is hinged at both ends. Section A: Area = 13,800 mmz; |, = 293.63 x 106 mm; I, = 67.59x10 mm Section B: Area = 11,550 mm?; I, = 177.04x10¢ mm; Iy = 39.14x105 mm* Section C: Area = 16,050 mm?; Ix = 452.60x10* mm¢; Iy = 107.29x10 mm ion D: Area = 15,675 mm?; I, = 391.73x10® mm; ly = 107.28*10* mm iON 2n’E _ |2n?(200000) 7 [2x coon) - y a 125.66 Kel Try the lightest section: Section B: eo Ven? fh rane [32-1410 11550 Twin = 58.21 KL _ 1(3,000) Seay” S154 ‘Scanned with CanScanner‘Chapter 04 ~ > Columns a; id Or Compression n Member, 1 75 3(KL/1) | (KL /7)? 8c, ac? ~ 5, 36154) 61.54) ~ 3° 8125.66) Bas 66 ~ 181 2 (Kis?) By Be (-! 2C,2 } FS 2 fe (1 S154" )= 2(125.66)? ) 1.81 F,= 126.5 MPa P= Fax A =126,5(11,550) P= 1,461,075 N P=1,461kKN <1,800kN Not Adequate Try Section A: = & ] Fran = -|6259%10° Fran = I mV 13800 — Trin = 69.98 mm. KL _ 1(3,000) = 4287 r 69.98 Since KL/r < C, 5, 342.87) (42877 | 5 3 8(125.66) 8125.66) + 2 re (- 257) 2(125.66) P= F,x A = 131.54(13800) P=1815,252N P=1815kN>1,800KN Adequate FS= Scored with CarScanner—- Chapter 04 - Columns and Other Fundamentals o, 176 Compression Members Structural Stee! Desig, Problem 4-6 (CE November 1998) : ; A’column 3 m long and pinned at both ends is carries an as joad fot 190 kN. column is made up of 2 angles of unequal legs with lone iegs ack to back a separated by a gusset plate whose thickness is 11 mm. Use 006 steel with Fy = MPa and E = 200,000 MPa, Three sections are being cols! Nits are in meng? their respective properties relevant of this problem (length uni meters); Section - Aim) ry (m) : 0 .0160 2L125 x 75% 12 oosss 0.0890 o.nieo 2L 150 x 90x 10 o.o04ss 0.0880 00185 2L.150 x 90x 12 0.00550 x . i ions gi ble compressive stress? . Which of the sections gives the largest allowal re 3 Which of the sections gives the smallest allowable compressive stress? ) Which of the sections gives the most economical (lightest) section for the ‘given load? Be [2 200000) c es 248 Se C= 126.16 For 2L 125 x 75 x 12' KL_ 1 + aats palin k [n= 12n7E ee 12n?(200,000) : 2AKL/1)2 ~~ "93(187.5)2 | “ee F,= 29.29 MPa For 21,150 x90 x 10 : a ee — 7 00195 Fax 27) | 122200000 Kye) aa ee F.= 43.54 MPa For 21 150 x 90 x 12 KL 3) 7” Gonsy “11982<¢, Scored with CarScannerChapter 04 > Colu Compresys 24 Other antals OF unde Steel Design nt Cn Members 177 5 FS= 5 , 3011952) trigsa)3 = 2 + SUNS2) | .52) Be 8(126.16) (126.16) * 1916 2) F, pee [1 | 2¢.2 | Fs F,= [7-—219.52?_) 248 : 2(126.16)? } 1.916 F,=71.35 MPa Part a: Thus, the section with the largest allowable con MPa. iano: is 2L 150 x 90 x 12 with F, = 71.35 Pressive stress Parts b & c: The section that has the smallest allowable compressive stress is 2L 125 x 75 x 12 with F, = 29.29 MPa, For 21 125 x 75 x 12 (F,= 29.29 MPa) F * [P= Fx A] P = 29.29 (0.00454 x 10002) P=133kN For 2L 150 x 90 x 10 (F, = 43.54 MPa) [P=F,x A] P = 43.54 (0.00463 x 10002) P= 201.6 kN For 2L 150 x 90 x 12 (F, = 71.35 MPa) [P=F.x A] P = 71.35 (0.0055 x 10002) P = 392.4 kN Thus, the most economical section is 2L 150 x 90 x 10. Problem 4.7 . its ends and is 46 steel W 6 x 20 column in Figure 4.7 is pin connected at i ‘ibicted to the axiel load P, The column is lateral * Determine the maximum value of P. Scarred with CarScanner ly supported about its weak :Compression Members Sacral Steeibe Desig! ‘The properties of W 6 x 20 relevant to this problem are as follows: A= 3,790 mm? I, = 17,231,980 mm r= 674mm r= 38mm | d=157mm 4 Chapter 04 - Columns and Other Funday 178 com | | | 4o0 Figure 4.7 =) sa. oo = 66.77 | p= Kly | Zl he se =59.21 Maximum slendemess ratio = Klas. 6607 te Scored with CaScannertals of Chapter 04 — pun ste! Design Columns tru - and Oth Comy er s OMPreSsIOn Members 7A) 48 MPa, E:= 200,009 M4 CC, 126.2>kL/r 2) pb jan (1 ELE) Be : 2c,’ FS 5, 3(KL/r) (KL/1) sete Sh), ee ot ac naet 5, 3(66.77) (66.77) Foe +) « 3 8(126.2) “gqa26.ays ~ 1847 2 fax (1-87) 208 2(126.2)?.) 1.847 F,= 115.48 MPa [P=F,A] P= 115.48(3,790) P = 437,669N P = 437,669 kN Problem 4-8 : Determine the allowable axial load P for the nonstandard shape of Figure 48 for an effective length of 3.5 m. Use Fy = 248 MPa. 300 mm Kg SQ GW NO 20mm t 400 mm Scarred with CarScannerChapter 04 - Columns an Fundamental P haan sag ee Structural Steel Design 180 Compression Members SOLUTION Section properties: Ay 300(20) = 6,000 mm? Are = [400 ~ 2(20)](20) Ave = 7,200 mm? A= Ag+ 2Ay= 19,200 mm? 3 3 pve 3001400)? yy 1401860) 2 12 1, = 511,360,000 mm* pp = 521380.000 163.2 mm <= ¥19,200 * 3 a 20(300)? _, 360(20) haan PO - Ty = 90,240,000 mm : p=, | 90:2401000 66,56 mm = Tous ‘ a 19,200 Since the section is not a standard section (built-up), we have to check for local buckling: . Flange (unstiffened element) b= 300 mm, f= 20 mm b/t=15 - H=250fk From Table 4.2 h/t = 360/20 = 18 <70,ke=1 From Table 4.2" H=250¥1 = 250 . H/ iy = 250/ /248 = 15.88 Since b/t H/ fy the Mange not uly fg tive, 249 7k” ler 15.81 512 512 * === = 32: JF 7k. Jaas yy 9251 : 249 512 Since —— < (b/1y < __512_ VF 7k, , Fy [ke = 1.293 -o.001177(6/1) JE, 7k Qs = 1.293 - 9.001177(20.83) 24877 Q.= 0,907 | ena Design | porte 183 From Table 43 (From Eq. 4.14) Web (stiffened element): b= 276 mm, f=8 mm b/t=345 - H=664 From Table 4.2 H/ Fy = 664/ (248 = 4216 since < Ho the webis fully effective ° t 1 Fy Q= Aofectve “Aactual Since the web is fully effective, there is no adjustment in the area, thus Acttective = Aactuat, and Qy = 1.0 [Q=Q.*@) . Q=0,907(1)= 0.907 y= [2mE _ {2n7 (200,000) orn QF, ~ 0.907(248) C= 132.48 Scarred with CarScannerChapt 184 compress Funda | = Columns and Other | ma ie in Members Struictural Steel po® | since E < 2) F, (KL/ ry | F,2Q (: -Sc2. ) FS 56.72)> pice 3(56.72) __( YT =1817 3° (13248) 8(132.48) 4 56.72? _|_248 Fa= 0.907| 1-7 0759.48)? ) 1.817 F,= 112.45 MPa [P=FeA] P= 112.45(8,208) E P = 922,989.6 N P=923kN Problem 4-10 A W14 = 550 is used as a column to carry an axial load of 3600 KN. Designa square base plate to support.the column. The base plate rests on full area of a square concrete compression block with f-= 21 MPa. Use A36 steel base plate. SOLUTION ‘2 Relevant properties of W14 550 P| b=514mm Wy d= 437 mm “N i N Sconred with CawScannerta” 5 = COlume nda tec! Design C Other and 7 ompress ots Toad, P= 3600 kN on tente 185 a Colum blo bearing stress on concrote: f= 0.35f; = 0.38(21) 7.7.35 MPa Allowable bending stress on steel: F, = 0.75Fy = 0.75(248) i= 186 MPa Area of base plate, A= - = 3,600,000 >» 735 Area of base plate, A = 489,796 mm? Nt= A= 489,796 y= 700 mm m= (700 - 415.15)/2 = 142.425 mm n= (700 - 411.2)/2 = 144.4 mm = x Actual bearing pressure, f, = PEs actual Actual bearing pressure, j,= 3:600,000 7347 4p, ~ 700 Bf px? A, 2 Plate thickness, = acai" Plate thickness, t = 49.71 mm say 50 mm Plate thickness, t = Therefore, use 700 mm 700 mm * 50 mm thick base plate. Scored with CarScannerChapter 04 - Columns and Other Fundamenta 186 Compression Members Structural Stee pei?! | Problem 4-11 on AWI6 x 100 is used as a column to carry 2 axial ea 00 oe Design a plate to support the column with m =n. The base Ln saci bane on full area oe Concrete compression block with fr * 21 MPa. Use A508 plate. SOLUTION Relevant properties of W14 x 550 by= 265mm d= 431 mm Fy = 50 ksi Fy, =345 MPa manez Be212+2 N=409.45+ 2 ‘Column load, P = 3000 kN Allowable bearing stress on concrete: F, = 035f. = 0:35(21) F, = 7.35 MPa Allowable bending stress on steel: F, = 0.75F, = 0.75(345) F, = 258.75 MPa P_ _ 3,000,000 Plate Area, A = — = ——— = F 735 408,163 mm? A= NB = (40945 + 22)(212 + 22) F 408,163 = 86,803.4 + 1242.92 + 42? 22+ 310,72 ~ 80,340 = 0 pu 231074 y(310. ? — 4(1)(-80,340) 21) z= 1679 mm Scarred vith ConScarnerChapter 04 — Colum INS and clothe: so oan Compressigs Members el 17.8 mm say 550 mm 1242 22 = 745.25 mm say 750 mm Be 22 neal = (750 ~ 409.45)/2 = 1203 mm = x me G50 - 212)/2= 169 mm 3,000,000 7.073 MPa fr "550(750) rPer 3¢7. ZI se@a7aya703ye t= 49.45 mm say 50 mm Use 550 mm * 750 mm * 50 mm thick ASO steel base ple problem 4-12 petermine the capacity of the 38-mm thick A36 ste! | base plate shown i n bea 410. The base plate rests on a 600 mm x 600 mm concrete column. ‘Use fem MPa. ad Scored with CarScannerFundamentals Chapter 04 - Columns and other Structural Stee! Design 188 compression Members Compression Members ee Properties of W14 * 82: b= 258mm d= 364mm m= ¥A(540 - 345.8) m=971=x n= ¥4(400 - 206.4) n= %8 Fy = 36 ksi = 248 MPa Fe 075F, F,= 186 MPa Capacity of plate of plate bendit be _ [fx? z 3 f, (97-1) a Ne erg) 8" tee ‘ f= 95 MPa. 3 ope Ps 400(540) P= 2,052,000 N = 2,052 kN Nn concrete stren; Since os Plate does not cover the full a1 rea of concrete: 7" 035f, JA7A, SO7f, _ (ection 510.10.2) From Figure 4.11; = . 40 600 540 "444.4 mm Ar 4000540) = 2 “7 444.4609 0) 2 2 ‘Scanned with CanScannerFigure 4.11 F,=0:35(27) [266,664 216,000 F,=105<(0.7f-=189) OK P P =} 105- ” Antae 400(540) P = 2,268,000 N= 2,268 kN The capacity of the plate is 2,052 kN, governed by plate bending, Scored with CarScanner