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History and Evolution of Communist Party of China: 1. The First Republic and May Fourth Movement

The Communist Party of China was established in 1921, taking inspiration from Lenin's Bolshevik revolution. It began as a small intellectual group but grew in membership. In the 1920s, the CCP formed an alliance with the nationalist Kuomintang party, but tensions grew and the alliance collapsed. Mao Zedong emerged as a CCP leader during its rural organizing campaigns in the 1920s-1930s. During the Sino-Japanese War in the 1930s-40s, the CCP expanded significantly by fighting the Japanese. This gained them popular support that allowed them to eventually defeat the Kuomintang in China's civil war, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 with Mao

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Reena Hooda Dahiya
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491 views3 pages

History and Evolution of Communist Party of China: 1. The First Republic and May Fourth Movement

The Communist Party of China was established in 1921, taking inspiration from Lenin's Bolshevik revolution. It began as a small intellectual group but grew in membership. In the 1920s, the CCP formed an alliance with the nationalist Kuomintang party, but tensions grew and the alliance collapsed. Mao Zedong emerged as a CCP leader during its rural organizing campaigns in the 1920s-1930s. During the Sino-Japanese War in the 1930s-40s, the CCP expanded significantly by fighting the Japanese. This gained them popular support that allowed them to eventually defeat the Kuomintang in China's civil war, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949 with Mao

Uploaded by

Reena Hooda Dahiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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History and evolution of Communist party of

China
1. The First Republic and May Fourth Movement
the Qing Dynasty was overthrown in 1912, ending imperial rule in
China. A new national republic, headed by , Dr. Sun Yat- Sen.
In truth, power was decentralised and fought over between
Warlord era 1915-1928
a) regional warlords and
b) militias,
On May 4, 1919, thousands of students rallied against the national
government inability to unify the nations. In what is now called the May
Fourth Movement.

Communist Party
China Got inspiration from Lenin’s Bolshevik revolution1917.
The Chinese Communist Party was established by intellectuals rose
from may 4th movment in Shanghai on July 1, 1921 under the
supervision of agents sent by Russia’s Communist International
(Comintern).

• As membership grew, the CCP began to draw the attention of the


Sun Yat-Sen. Party Kuomintang (KMT),although the CCP’s socialist
views differed greatly from the KMT’s nationalist focus, In 1924, The
CCP was forced into a fragile alliance with the KMT by the
Comintern to unify china.

In 1925, the May 30th Movement took place in Shanghai, marking


the beginning of a nationwide revolutionary upsurge against the
Northern warlords to oppose imperialism and warlords .
• After Sun Yat-Sen’s death in 1925 Chiang Kai-Shek, the leader of the
KMT at this time, especially mistrusted the Communists. Chiang
ended the alliance by ordering a purge of the CCP leadership.
1. Emerging Mao leadership in CCP-
After the failure of the 1927 revolution, the new KMT warlords
began their atrocious rule in China.the CCP cadres, such as Mao,
went to the countryside, where they were successful in winning peasant
support that in 1931, with a population of some 10 million, was set up in
southern China. It was during this period that Mao achieved the
leadership position in the CCP .

1. Expanding CCP(1937-1945)
• in 1936 KMT entered into a United Front  against increasing
Japanese military aggression in China. CCP tremendously expanded
its strength by fighting the Japanese invaders during Second Sino
Japanese war.
• By the end of the war (1945),CCP controlled base areas of some
100 million people and had an experienced army and gained popular
support from workers.

4. Founding People’s Republic Of China(1949)


• CCP and KMT attempted to broker a peace between each other but
after failing to make any compromises, they resumed a full-scale civil
war in 1946.the civil war lasted for three years, and while the
Communist forces grew in size and support, the KMT forces were
beaten and retreated to the island of Taiwan at the end of 1949.

With the CCP victorious, Mao formed the People’s Republic of


China on October 1, 1949, and established the national capital at
Beijing.
Once in power, Mao Mao abolished private ownership, and persecuted
any land owners who refused to cooperate.

5. The Cultural Revolution (1966)


• Upon seeing Nikita Khrushchev’s fall from power in 1964, Mao
saw this as the Russians having failed to live up to their socialist
ideologies. Mao declared the beginning of a social
revolution in China. He warned the public that capitalist elements
were threatening the development of the country, and urged his red
guards a large paramilitary group to punish anyone they saw as
being bourgeois or related to capital culture. The Cultural
Revolution thus began in 1966.

• The Cultural Revolution lasted for at least 10 years up until Mao’s


death in 1976.

• After Mao’s death, Deng Xiaoping and his supporters took power, and
eventually denounced Mao’s actions in the coming years.

6.After Mao
• Deng Xiaoping leader from more pragmatic wing reappeared and
‘announced open door policy’ in 1978.
After the 1980s free market policies were adopted with Chinese socialism
The Communist Party authorities carries out the market reforms and on the
path of capitalism and globalisation if not necessarily to democracy with
changing world.
Even after 99 years, Modern Chinese history well indicates that
without the Communist Party, there would have been no New
China. Neither would there be China's socialism.

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