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Mini Project Report on

Gear Less Transmission System

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BY

PRANAY M. NAREDI
T.Y. (Mechanical / Robotics) Engineering
(ERP. No.:1032181137, Div.: A, Roll No. PB38)

Guided by

PROF. Y. M. MANE

School of Mechanical Engineering

Dr. Vishwanath Karad

MIT World Peace University,

Pune
2020-2021
 Dr. Vishwanath Karad

MIT World Peace University, Pune

School of Mechanical Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. PRANAY M. NAREDI, has successfully completed the mini
project “Gear Less Transmission System” under my supervision, in the partial
fulfillment of third year, nine semester - School of Mechanical Engineering of Dr.
Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune for the academic year 2020-
2021.

Date:11/06/2021
Place: Pune

Prof. Y. M. MANE Prof. K . Mali

Mini Project Guide Examiner

Prof. (Dr.) S. T. Chavan

Seal Head of School
 Vision and Mission

Vision of Faculty of Engineering and Technology

To be a globally recognized leader in Engineering Education having a constructive impact
on society.

Mission of Faculty of Engineering and Technology

1. To achieve academic excellence through Continuously Updated Education (CUEd).
2. To create environment of technology research and social innovation by establishing
trans-disciplinary centres of excellence.
3. To establish strong partnerships with reputed industry and research organizations.
4. To promote ethical and universal value based professional education.

Vision of School of Mechanical Engineering

To be a center of academic excellence in Mechanical Engineering for sustainable
development.

Mission of School of Mechanical Engineering

1. To impart comprehensive knowledge in mechanical engineering and foster skills to
enhance economic development of the nation.
2. To facilitate trans-disciplinary research leading to innovative technologies.
3. To collaborate with academia, industry and research organization globally.
4. To nurture students for lifelong learning and ethical professional career.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to present a mini project on “Design and Analysis

of temperature-controlled chamber for UTM’’. In presenting this mini project
work, a number of hands helped me directly and indirectly. Therefore, it becomes
my duty to express my gratitude towards them.

I am very much obliged to subject guide Prof. Y. M MANE., in School of

Mechanical Engineering, for helping and giving proper guidance. His timely
suggestions made it possible to complete this seminar for me. All efforts might have
gone in vain without his valuable guidance.

I will fail in my duty if I won't acknowledge a great sense of gratitude to the

head of School of Mechanical Engineering Prof. (Dr.) S.T. Chavan and the entire
staff members in the School of Mechanical Engineering for their cooperation.

PRANAY M. NAREDI
TY Mechanical
Engg. ERP No:
1032181137
Roll No: PB38
 CONTENTS

Sr. No. Name of Sections Page No.

List of Figures iii

List of Tables iv

Nomenclature v

Abbreviations vi

1. Introduction 1
1.1 Scope & Objective 1
1.2 Problem Statement 1
1.2 Background 2

2. Literature Survey 3

3. Methodology / Approach 5
3.1 Line sketch of mechanism 5
3.2 Driving shaft 5
3.3 Elbow rods 5
3.4 Cylinder 6
3.5 Bearing 6
3.6 Angular chamber 7

4. Development & execution of the solution for problem statement 9

4.1 Flexure equation 9
4.2 Torsional equation 9
4.3 Development 9
4.4 Execution 9

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5. Software Modelling & Analysis
5.1 CAD Model 11
5.2 Deformation and stress analysis Analysis 11

6. Fabrication & Testing 12

6.1 Fabrication 12
6.2 Testing 13

7. Results & Discussion 14

7.1 Results 14
7.2 Discussion 14

8. Conclusion & Future Scope 15

References 16

APPENDIX 17

ii
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Name of Figure Page No.

3.1 Line sketch of mechanism 3

3.2 Driving shaft 5

3.3 Elbow rods 5

3.4 Cylinder 5

3.5 Bearing housing 6

3.6 Angular chamber 6

7.1 Deformation analysis result 13

7.2 Stress analysis result 13

5.1 Gearless transmission using elbow mechanism 11

iii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Name of Table Page No.

3.1 Driving shaft dimension 5

3.2 Elbow rods dimension 5

3.3 Cylinder dimension 6

3.4 Bearing dimension 6

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NOMENCLATURE
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 ABBREVIATIONS

No. - Number

CAD - Computer Aided Design

FEA - Finite Element Analysis

vi
 Gear Less Transmission System

1. Introduction

1.1 Objective and Scope

• To design a system that attain high efficiency in transmitting power

• To design a system that Transmit power at different angles
The aim of the analysis is to find the best material for the system using Ansys
Workbench. The material should have least power loss .
The scope of mini project is given as,
 .

1.2 Background of Invention

In today’s world energy is the prime requirement in each andevery field. As the world is progressing towards the 22nd
century every bit of energy becomes crucial because the resources that we have for producing energy is very limited and
soon will be getting finished. To transmit motion and power from one shaft to another which are not paralleland co-
planar bevel gearing are generally employed. Thus, there are some little disadvantages associated with bevel gearing
stated as complexity in manufacturing, high cost of replacement. To overcome all these heavy work, we have a
mechanism which transmits motion between the 2 non-parallel (intersecting) and co-planar shafts. The mechanism
comes to known as Gearless elbow mechanism. It consists of elbow rods, hub and shaft. Gearless elbow mechanism
works on the principle of slider and kinematic chain principle.

School of Mechanical 1
Engg.
1.3 Problem Statement

The problem statement for mini project is given as below,

 To test the feasibility of transmitting power through elbow mechanism and
developing a gearless transmission system to address the problem of
transmitting power in two non intersecting shaft at higher efficiency

 To understanding of gearless transmission slide chain mechanism

 Give specification of elbow rods
 2. Literature Survey

Pranay: Analyzed the Design and Fabrication of Gearless Transmission For Skew
Shafts. 3 Nos. of L-pin rods were used. Overall mechanism is considered to be running It
Was Concluded that
given arrangement can be used for any set of diameters with any profile of shafts for
skew shafts of any angle but the shaft’s must be having the rotational motion about his
own axis, transmission of motion is very smooth and desirable and used only for the
equal R.P.M. of driving shaft and driven shaft by employing links or given type of links
for appropriate joints for revolute pair. It was also found that usefull mechanical devices
function smoothly however poor fly they are made while other does this only by virtue
of an accurate construction & fitting of their moving parts.

Researched on Gearless Transmission Mechanism and its Applications. link of C-45 was
used. Links bent at required angle slide inside the holes in the hub Mechanism can
transmit at any angle 0 to 180.The mechanism is studied and a possible go-kart
transmission layout is fabricated and few future applications are suggeste: After study of
the mechanism it was concluded that this mechanism is mainly applicable to low cost
applications where torque is low to
medium. With future development in low friction materials (graphene coating) and
stronger composite materials, the efficiency and capacity of this mechanism can be
increased. Also if instead of bent links, bolted links or links held by
universal joints are used then transmission is possible even when angle changes on the
go. Parts of mechanism were modeled on Solid Works and The analysis of the
mechanism was carried out on ANSYS.

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 3. Methodology

3.1 Line Sketch of mechanism

Fig 3.1 line sketch of mechanism

The line sketch replicates the view of mechanism and its isograpic and orthographic
projections.

 We have fabricated 4 pins gearless elbow mechanism. Gearless elbow

mechanism is portable and compact equipment. Mechanism consists of 2 hubs, 4
elbow rods, 2 shafts, motor (A.C. motor 1hp), Belt drive.
 The motor and belt drive is coupled to the end of any one shaft.
 As the power is supplied to the shaft from the motor through belt drive the shaft
rotates along with hub, the elbow rods placed in the holes of the hub slides in
and out of both hubs due to this power is transmitted
3.2 Driving shaft

Fig3.2 driving shaft

Body part Diameter length
Shaft 30 mm 240mm

3.3Elbow rods

Fig3.3 elbow rods

Body part Diameter length
Elbow rod 10mm 120mm
3.4cylider

Fig3.4 cylinder hub

Body part Diameter length

Hub cylinder 96mm 35mm

3.5 bearing

Fig 3.5bearing

Body part Diameter length

bearing 30/40 115mm
3.6 angular chamber

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 1. Development & Execution

1.1 Flexural formula

M = Bending moment (N-mm)

I = Area moment of inertia for the beam (mm4)

σ= Bending stress (N/mm2)

y= Distance of layer of the beam from the neutral axis of the beam which is subjected to pure
bending

E = Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of the beam (N/mm2)

R = Radius of curvature of the beam (m)
Above formula will be used in the calculation of various parameters when a beam will be
subjected to pure bending.
Compressive yield strength MPa 250
Tensile yield strength 250
Tensile ultimate strength 460
hardness 229

pin is subjected bending.

Hence it is been design Using flexural equation.
Bending
= ( 32x M)/( π xd^3 )
Shaft and hub is subjected torsion
. Hence it is been design using torsion equation
.τ = (16 x T) / (π xd^3 )
Allowable bending stress: = 0.46 X 460 = 211.6 N/m
Allowable torsion stress:τ = 0.22 X 460 = 101.2 N/m

Power of motor

1 H.P = 746 x 1 = 746 N- m /s

P = 746 watt.

P = 2 πN T /60
Where, N = Rpm of motor = 1440 r.p.m

Torque transmitted: 746 = 2π×1440×T/60

T = 4.94 N-m T = 4947.066 N-mm

Bending Moment for bent links: =( 32x M)/( π x 10^3) = 32 x 2010.65 / π = 202.13 N/m

Shear stress for hub:

τ = (16 x T) / (π x 96^3 ) = 16 x 4947.066=0.02N/mm^2

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2. Software Modelling & Analysis

2.1 CAD models:

Software used for CAD modelling: catia is a solid modeling computer-aided design
(CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) computer program that runs primarily
on Microsoft Windows. catia is published by Dassault Systems.

Fig 5.1 gearless transmission using elbow mechanism

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3. Fabrication & Testing
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 4. Results and Discussion
4.1 Stainless steel

SIMULATION

Simulation of mechanism is carried out on ansys 16.Static structural analysis is to be

performed on the mechanism to watch the response of the elbow rods, hub and shaft. In

static structural analysis total deformation and von - mises stress analysis is carried out.

Simulation is performed by importing motion loads to the component. Motion loads acts on

component as dynamic loads. Hence simulation performs dynamic analysis of mechanism.

Simulation is performed for 4,6 and 8 pins ,for two different material (mild steel and

stainless steel) driven at 50,100,150 and 200 rpm.

Fig 7.2 deformation result Fig 7.3 stress Analysis Resu

 5. Conclusion

5.1 Conclusion
Gearless elbow mechanism has been analysed on ansys software. The response of the
elbow rods and hub was analysed for different material, different no of elbow rods and
for different r.p.m. as the no of elbows get increased systems works smoothly
 References

Reference Books:
• [1] R.S. Khurmi and J.K Gupta, “Theory of machines”, S. Chand publications, Hyderabad,
2nd edition, 2008, Page.no: 569

• PSG Design data book by Dr. P. Mahadevan.

Papers from Journal or Transactions:

• R. M. Jadeja, D. M. Chauhan, and A Review on Design, “Analysis and Manufacturing of Spiral Bevel
Gear”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, Vol: 02 Issue 4 April 2013.

Papers from Conference Proceedings:

• Gearless transmission for speed reduction through rolling motion induced by wobbing motion, US
patent no. 6,113,511, September 5, 2000.

• Gadhia Utsav D., Quarter Model of WagonSuspension, analysised by using ADAMS,

International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, Vol.1 Issue July 5, 2012.