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1c 2 Solving Linear and Quadratic Simultaneous Equations

The document discusses solving linear and quadratic simultaneous equations. It provides examples of solving simultaneous equations where one equation is linear and the other is quadratic. The key steps are to substitute the linear equation into the quadratic equation to obtain a single quadratic equation in one variable, then solve the quadratic equation to find the possible values for that variable and back substitute to find the values of the other variable. Solutions are checked by substituting the pairs of values into the original simultaneous equations.

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Fatuhu Abba dandago
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359 views3 pages

1c 2 Solving Linear and Quadratic Simultaneous Equations

The document discusses solving linear and quadratic simultaneous equations. It provides examples of solving simultaneous equations where one equation is linear and the other is quadratic. The key steps are to substitute the linear equation into the quadratic equation to obtain a single quadratic equation in one variable, then solve the quadratic equation to find the possible values for that variable and back substitute to find the values of the other variable. Solutions are checked by substituting the pairs of values into the original simultaneous equations.

Uploaded by

Fatuhu Abba dandago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving linear and quadratic simultaneous

equations
A LEVEL LINKS
Scheme of work: 1c. Equations – quadratic/linear simultaneous

Key points
 Make one of the unknowns the subject of the linear equation (rearranging where necessary).
 Use the linear equation to substitute into the quadratic equation.
 There are usually two pairs of solutions.

Examples
Example 1 Solve the simultaneous equations y = x + 1 and x2 + y2 = 13

x2 + (x + 1)2 = 13 1 Substitute x + 1 for y into the second


equation.
x2 + x2 + x + x + 1 = 13 2 Expand the brackets and simplify.
2x2 + 2x + 1 = 13

2x2 + 2x − 12 = 0 3 Factorise the quadratic equation.


(2x − 4)(x + 3) = 0
So x = 2 or x = −3 4 Work out the values of x.

Using y = x + 1 5 To find the value of y, substitute


When x = 2, y = 2 + 1 = 3 both values of x into one of the
When x = −3, y = −3 + 1 = −2 original equations.

So the solutions are


x = 2, y = 3 and x = −3, y = −2

Check: 6 Substitute both pairs of values of x


equation 1: 3 = 2 + 1 YES and y into both equations to check
and −2 = −3 + 1 YES your answers.
equation 2: 22 + 32 = 13 YES
and (−3)2 + (−2)2 = 13 YES
Example 2 Solve 2x + 3y = 5 and 2y2 + xy = 12 simultaneously.
5  3y
x 1 Rearrange the first equation.
2
 5  3y  5  3y
2 y2    y  12 2 Substitute for x into the
 2  2
second equation. Notice how it is
5 y  3y2 easier to substitute for x than for y.
2 y2   12
2 3 Expand the brackets and simplify.
4 y 2  5 y  3 y 2  24
y 2  5 y  24  0
(y + 8)(y − 3) = 0 4 Factorise the quadratic equation.
So y = −8 or y = 3 5 Work out the values of y.

Using 2x + 3y = 5 6 To find the value of x, substitute


When y = −8, 2x + 3 × (−8) = 5, x = 14.5 both values of y into one of the
When y = 3, 2x + 3 × 3 = 5, x = −2 original equations.

So the solutions are


x = 14.5, y = −8 and x = −2, y = 3

Check: 7 Substitute both pairs of values of x


equation 1: 2 × 14.5 + 3 × (−8) = 5 YES and y into both equations to check
and 2 × (−2) + 3 × 3 = 5 YES your answers.
equation 2: 2×(−8)2 + 14.5×(−8) = 12 YES
and 2 × (3)2 + (−2) × 3 = 12 YES

Practice
Solve these simultaneous equations.
1 y = 2x + 1 2 y=6−x
x2 + y2 = 10 x2 + y2 = 20

3 y=x–3 4 y = 9 − 2x
x2 + y2 = 5 x2 + y2 = 17

5 y = 3x – 5 6 y=x−5
y = x2 − 2x + 1 y = x2 − 5x − 12

7 y=x+5 8 y = 2x – 1
x2 + y2 = 25 x2 + xy = 24

9 y = 2x 10 2x + y = 11
y2 – xy = 8 xy = 15

Extend
11 x – y = 1 12 y – x = 2
x2 + y2 = 3 x2 + xy = 3
Answers
1 x = 1, y = 3
9 13
x , y
5 5

2 x = 2, y = 4
x = 4, y = 2

3 x = 1, y = −2
x = 2, y = –1

4 x = 4, y = 1
16 13
x , y
5 5

5 x = 3, y = 4
x = 2, y = 1

6 x = 7, y = 2
x = −1, y = −6

7 x = 0, y = 5
x = –5, y = 0

8 19
8 x =  , y = 
3 3
x = 3, y = 5

9 x = –2, y = –4
x = 2, y = 4

5
10 x = ,y=6
2
x = 3, y = 5

1 5 1  5
11 x = ,y=
2 2
1 5 1  5
x= , y =
2 2

1  7 3 7
12 x = ,y=
2 2
1  7 3 7
x= ,y=
2 2

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