PHI 002: Introduction to Philosophy & Logic

Student Activity Sheet

Lesson # 4

Name: ______________________________________ Class #: _______

Section: ____________ Schedule:________________ Date:__________

Lesson title: Term: Nature, Meaning, & Inverse Materials:

Relationship  Activity Sheet, TV, Computer, Cellphone,
Whiteboard Marker, etc.
Lesson Objectives:
References:
- Hinacay, Marionito L. & Hinacay, Ma. Belen S.E.
1. Identify and define terms in logic
U logic: A textbook-workbook for college students.
1. 2. Discuss the nature and relationship of Iligan city: Vitasophia Book Center. 2007
comprehension and extension - Ardales, Venancio B. Logic Made Easy. Iloilo City:
Concerns INC, 1998.

Productivity Tip:
How are you today? Last meeting we knew that concepts are immaterial and intelligible signs of
objective reality whereas terms are material and sensible signs of the same reality. This session, let us
understand the significance and different classification of terms in logic. It is now time to begin.

A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
1) Introduction (2 mins)

2) Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1 (3 mins)

Direction: Analyze the following statements then answer the question found under in each statement.
Write your answers on the “What I Know” column.

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

Some Cocians are Phinma scholars.
(What is the predicate term?

All judges are lawyers.

(What is the subject term?

Some senators are Anti-Duterte .

(What is the predicate term?

B. MAIN LESSON
1) Activity 2: Content Notes (13 mins)

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION 1

 Comprehension—sum total of the attributes/notes by which a term/idea is known.
(this is by definition) Ex. Man is rational animal

Extension --- sum total of individuals, things or beings to which an idea is applied.
(This is by example) Example of man---Peter, John, American, Pinoy
Classification of Terms according to:

a. External Representation
1. Oral term – an articulate sound that serves as a conventional or arbitrary sign of a concept.
2. Written Term – a printed or written word that signifies a concept

b. Ultimate structure of an element of a proposition (as the subject or the predicate of the proposition.)
1. Simple – it has only one single word as subject or predicate.
Ex. A dog is an animal.
2. Complex – a group of words that signifies one thing or kind of thing when they are taken together
as a unit.
Ex. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.

2) Activity 3.1: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)

Direction: Create statements that have simple terms. Underline the simple subject and simple predicate.

Ex. All scholars are students.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Activity 3.2: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)
Direction: Identify the predicate of the following statements either simple or complex term.
_________________ 1. Men are mortal beings.

_________________ 2. Man are rational animal.

_________________ 3. Some men are black.

_________________ 4. Filipinos are not Americans.

_________________ 5. God exists.

3) Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2 (2 mins)

Direction: Identify the predicate terms in each statement below. Write your answers on the “What I Know”
column. Analyze each predicate terms by identifying if it is Simple or Complex term. Write your answers on the
“What I Learned” column.

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

Some Cocians are Phinma scholars.

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 All judges are lawyers.

Some senators are Anti-Duterte .

4) Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)

Direction: Create statements that have complex terms. Underline the complex subject and complex predicate.

Ex. All PHINMA scholars are PHINMA students.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

C. LESSON WRAP-UP

ANSWER KEYS

Activity 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

Some Cocians are Phinma scholars.
Phinma scholar (What is the predicate term?

All judges are lawyers.

judges (What is the subject term?

Some senators are Anti-Duterte .

Anti-Duterte (What is the predicate term?

Activity 3.2: Skill-building Activities

Complex_________________ 1. Men are mortal beings.

Complex_________________ 2. Man are rational animal.

Simple _________________ 3. Some men are black.

Simple _________________ 4. Filipinos are not Americans.

Simple _________________ 5. God exists.

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2
What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)
Some Cocians are Phinma scholars.
Phinma scholars complex

All judges are lawyers.

lawyers simple

Some senators are Anti-Duterte .

Anti-Duterte complex

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 Lesson title: Comprehension of Terms Materials:
 Activity Sheet, TV, Computer,
Lesson Objectives: Cellphone, Whiteboard Marker, etc.

1. Understand the different types of comprehension of terms References:

 Hinacay, Marionito L. & Hinacay, Ma.
2. 2. Apply the three types of comprehension of terms in a Belen S.E. U logic: A textbook-workbook
concrete statement for college students. Iligan city:
Vitasophia Book Center. 2007.

Productivity Tip:
Last meeting we discussed the definition of terms and the inverse relationship of terms. This
session, let us explore the comprehension and extension of terms..

C. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW

3) Introduction (2 mins)

LOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IDEAS

Comprehension Extension

- Is the sum total of the attributes or thought – - Is the sum total of all individuals, things or beings or
elements which constitute the idea group to which the idea can be applied

- It is the meaning, the signification, the thought – - It expresses denotation or the application of the idea
content or connotation of the idea to different individuals or things.

- When one asks for the definition of the term, the - When an examples is asked, the answer falls under
answer falls under comprehension. extension.

2. Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1 (3 mins)

Direction: Complete the pattern by providing the missing term. Write your answers on the “What I Know” column.

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

Give an example of PEN school.
What kingdom (in science) fruits and apple
belong?

D. MAIN LESSON

5) Activity 2: Content Notes (13 mins)

Comprehension—sum total of the attributes/notes by which a term/idea is known.

5

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 Ex. Man is rational animal
Terms according to Comprehension
1. Univocal (one fixed meaning) Ex. Tree
2. Equivocal (two or more unrelated meaning)
-In pronunciation Ex. sweet, suite; son, sun
-In spelling Ex. hard stone, hard lesson)
3. Analogous (partly the same and partly different)
Ex. HEAD of man or of the family.
FOOT of man or of the mountain.
6) Activity 3.1: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)

Direction: Match the terms in column A with their corresponding comprehension in column B.
Write only the letter.

A B
______1. President a. Basic unit of society
______2. Web Site b. Christian Faithful
______3. Allah c. Bunch of files in a server
______4. Family d. One and only one God
______5. Laity e. Head of State
______6. Genocide f. two-dimensional representation of a location
______7. Map g. killing members of the group

Activity 3.2: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)
Direction: Classify the underline terms as either Univocal or Equivocal.
Write your answer on the blank before each number.

____________1. The mouse enters into the piano. He uses a mouse to highlight a word.
____________2. The Bible is a revelation. Qu’ran is also a revelation.
____________3. Cotton is light. Jesus is the light of the world.
____________4. I have the right to marry. I have the right to be merry.
____________5. Magellan kills Lapu-Lapu. Lapu-Lapu is a fish.
____________6. Gravity is a law. RA 9165 is a law.
____________7. The end of studying medicine is to save lives. Death is the end of life.

7) Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2 (2 mins)

Direction: Complete the pattern by providing the missing term. Write your answers on the “What I Learned” column.

Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)

Direction: Indicate whether the underlined term is UNIVOCAL, EQUIVOCAL, or ANALOGOUS.
1. Igorots are Filipinos. Ilocanos are Filipinos. _____________________
2. A dog is an animal. A cat is an animal. _____________________
6

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 3. Gasoline and water are liquid. _____________________
4. President Tan is head of the nation and of his family. _____________________
5. The father is the backbone of the family and of his wife. _____________________
6. The electric plant and the banana plant are both plants. _____________________
7. Christians are the church; the house of prayer is a church. _____________________
8. A nation is a state; Life is a state of being. _____________________
9. I love you, papa; I love you, sweetheart. _____________________
10. There are 2 footsteps; there are 3 steps to success. _____________________

C. LESSON WRAP-UP

ANSWER KEYS
Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

Give an example of PEN school.
Phinma COC
What kingdom (in science) fruits and apple
Plant belong?

ACTIVITY 3.1

A B
___E___1. President a. Basic unit of society
___C___2. Web Site b. Christian Faithful
___D___3. Allah c. Bunch of files in a server
___A___4. Family d. One and only one God
___B___5. Laity e. Head of State
___G___6. Genocide f. two-dimensional representation of a location
___F___7. Map g. killing members of the group

ACTIVITY 3.2

_____E_______1. The mouse enters into the piano. He uses a mouse to highlight a word.
_____U_______2. The Bible is a revelation. Qu’ran is also a revelation.

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 _____E_______3. Cotton is light. Jesus is the light of the world.
_____U_______4. I have the right to marry. I have the right to be merry.
_____E_______5. Magellan kills Lapu-Lapu. Lapu-Lapu is a fish.
_____E_______6. Gravity is a law. RA 9165 is a law.
_____E_______7. The end of studying medicine is to save lives. Death is the end of life.

ACTIVITY 5
1. Igorots are Filipinos. Ilocanos are Filipinos. ____U_________________
2. A dog is an animal. A cat is an animal. ____U_________________
3. Gasoline and water are liquid. ____E_________________
4. President Tan is head of the nation and of his family. ____A_________________
5. The father is the backbone of the family and of his wife. ____A_________________
6. The electric plant and the banana plant are both plants. ____E_________________
7. Christians are the church; the house of prayer is a church. ____U_________________
8. A nation is a state; Life is a state of being. ____U_________________
9. I love you, papa; I love you, sweetheart. ____E_________________
10. There are 2 footsteps; there are 3 steps to success. _____________________

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Lesson title: Extension of Terms Materials:
 Activity Sheet, TV, Computer, Cellphone,
Lesson Objectives: Whiteboard Marker, etc.

1. Understand the different types of extension of terms Reference/s:

 Ardales, Venancio B. Logic Made Easy. Iloilo
2. Perform activities in applying concepts of the extension City: Concerns INC, 1998.
of terms  Gualdo, Rosendo S.Logic: the Basic of Correct
Reasoning. Valenzuela City: MJP Inc. 2000.

Productivity Tip:
Last meeting we discussed the definition of terms and the inverse relationship of terms. This
session, let us explore the comprehension and extension of terms.

E. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
4) Introduction (2 mins)
LOGICAL PROPERTIES OF IDEAS
Comprehension Extension
- Is the sum total of the attributes or - Is the sum total of all individuals, things
thought – elements which or beings or group to which the idea can
constitute the idea be applied
- It is the meaning, the signification, - It expresses denotation or the
the thought – content or application of the idea to different
connotation of the idea individuals or things.
- When one asks for the definition of - When an examples is asked, the
the term, the answer falls under answer falls under extension.
comprehension.
2. Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1 (3 mins)
Direction: Examine and indicate the quantity of terms. Write your answers on the “What I Know” column.

TERMS QUANTITY(singular/particular/universal)
1. The boy Ex. Singular
2. A girl
3. Everyone
4. Each
5. Few students
6. That house

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What quantity it signifies when article
“a” is use?
What quantity it signifies when the
word “everyone” is use?
What quantity it signifies when the
word “each” is use?
What quantity it signifies when the
indefinite pronoun “few” is use?
What quantity it signifies when
demonstrative pronoun “that” is use?
9

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

F. MAIN LESSON
8) Activity 2: Content Notes (13 mins)

Extension --- sum total of individuals, things or beings to which an idea is applied.
Example of man---Peter, John, American, Pinoy
Terms According to Extension
1. Singular- stands for one thing or individual Ex. He is mine.
2. Particular- stands for more than one but not all. Ex. Some men are smart
3. Universal- stands for each/all of the subjects to which it is applied to. Ex. Every flower is a plant.

9) Activity 3.1: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)

Direction: Match the terms in column A with their corresponding extension in column B.
Write only the letter.

A B
______1. Party-List a. Ethics, Logic, Metaphysics

______2. Church Leaders b. Bayan Muna, Akbayan, Gabriela

______3. Senatoriables c. Creed, Prayer, Fasting

______4. Pillars of Islamic Faith d. Deacons, Priests, Bishops

______5. Branches of Philosophy e. Marcos, Ramos, Aquino

______6. Presidents f. UPang, AU, SWU, COC

______7. Schools g. Hilbay, Diokno, Gutoc

Activity 3.2: Skill-building Activities (with answer key) (18 mins + 2 mins checking)

Direction: Examine and indicate the quantity of terms.l.

Write your answer on the blank before each number.

TERMS QUANTITY
Ex. These people Ex. Particular

1. Ellen Adarna

2. Many animals

3. 1000 students

4. A dog

5. All teachers

6. Peter and Paul

7. Few students

8. This book

9. The most beautiful

10) Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2 (2 mins)

Direction: Indicate the quantity or extension of the following terms as Singular, Particular, Universal.
Provide reasons for your answer.
10

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 STATEMENT QUANTITY REASON
Ex. Some dogs Ans. Particular Ans. Because of the word “some”
1. The governor
2. A few mangoes
4. Each student
5. No biologist
6. Three teachers
7. The shortest man
8. Every person

Activity 5: Check for Understanding (5 mins)

Direction: Give the quantity of the following statements as either Universal, Particular, or
Singular. Write your answer on the blank before each number.

____________1. All CBCP members are signatories to the Pastoral Letter for clean election.
____________2. Four Justices voted “NO” in the Quo Warranto Case of CJ Sereno.
____________3. President Duterte campaigns for the PDP Laban senatorial candidates.
____________4. Few politicians are honest people.
____________5. No dogs are cats.
____________6. Some saints are martyrs.
____________7. Not all politicians are corrupt public servants.
____________8. The family is the basic unit of society.
____________9. Mt. Apo is the tallest peak in the Phils.
____________10. All HK scholars are Phinma students.

G. C. LESSON WRAP-UP

ANSWER KEYS

ACTIVITY 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

11

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 What quantity it signifies when article “a” is
Particular use?
What quantity it signifies when the word
Universal “everyone” is use?
What quantity it signifies when the word
Universal “each” is use?
What quantity it signifies when the indefinite
Particular pronoun “few” is use?
What quantity it signifies when
Singular demonstrative pronoun “that” is use?

Activity 3.1: Skill-building Activities (with answer key)

A B
B______1. Party-List a. Ethics, Logic, Metaphysics
D______2. Church Leaders b. Bayan Muna, Akbayan, Gabriela
G______3. Senatoriables c. Creed, Prayer, Fasting
C______4. Pillars of Islamic Faith d. Deacons, Priests, Bishops
A______5. Branches of Philosophy e. Marcos, Ramos, Aquino
E______6. Presidents f. UPang, AU, SWU, COC
F______7. Schools g. Hilbay, Diokno, Gutoc

Activity 3.2: Skill-building Activities (with answer key)

TERMS QUANTITY
Ex. These people Ex. Particular
1. Ellen Adarna SINGULAR
2. Many animals PARTICULAR
3. 1000 students PARTICULAR
4. A dog PARTICULAR
5. All teachers UNIVERSAL
6. Peter and Paul PARTICULAR
7. Few students PARTICULAR
8. This book SINGULAR
9. The most beautiful SINGULAR

ACTIVITY 5

U____________1. All CBCP members are signatories to the Pastoral Letter for clean election.

P____________2. Four Justices voted “NO” in the Quo Warranto Case of CJ Sereno.

S____________3. President Duterte campaigns for the PDP Laban senatorial candidates.

P____________4. Few politicians are honest people.

U____________5. No dogs are cats.

P____________6. Some saints are martyrs.

U____________7. Not all politicians are corrupt public servants.

12

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

 S____________8. The family is the basic unit of society.

S____________9. Mt. Apo is the tallest peak in the Phils.

U____________10. All HK scholars are Phinma students

13

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION