International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)

Volume 178 – No. 22, June 2019

Secured Fingerprint-enabled Keyless Motorcycle

Authentication System using Arduino
Maynard Gel F. Carse Jerome V. Custodio John Vic S. Verzosa
San Carlos College San Carlos College San Carlos College
Abanon, San Carlos City Tarectec, San Carlos City Quezon Blvd., San Carlos
Pangasinan, Philippines Pangasinan, Philippines Pangasinan, Philippines

ABSTRACT enabled keyless motorcycle authentication system using

In the past years, the numbers of motornapping had increased. Arduino. The idea of this project came when there are a lot of
A total of 46,467 motorcycles were reported stolen in 2016 cars today uses a wireless security system and different
compared to 45,555 reported in 2015 (Velasquez, 2014). technologies. But, the security system for motorcycle,
Because of risen numbers of motornapping, the proponents especially outdated bikes were not developed as well as the
proposed secured fingerprint-enabled keyless motorcycle cars.
authentication system using arduino to stop and minimize the
number of motornapping in the Philippines. Upon the
2. RELATED LITERATURE
evaluation, 20 evaluators agreed that the mobile application 3Aside from the Arduino module, other add-ons such as
has a user authentication and 20 evaluators agreed that the fingerprint module and Bluetooth can be used to make the
motorcycle connects via bluetooth. About the ignition of the security reach even greater heights. Based on the study of,
motorcycle, 20 of them agreed that the application can control taking the help of Adafruit library and open source Arduino
the master ignition of the motorcycle. Whereas 20 of the IDE, the proponents can develop source code without the
evaluators agreed that the mobile application can turn on the hassle of the internal architecture of the fingerprint module.
engine as well as the use of the fingerprint scanner. The fingerprint is one of the hardest information to copy
because people have different fingerprint.4Even current
Keywords technologies have no fingerprint copying application.
Authentication system, Arduino, Bluetooth, Perimeter Fingerprints have remarkable permanency and uniqueness
detection alarm, Fingerprint-enabled, Keyless motorcycle throughout the time. Fingerprint ignition is effective because
when someone tries to start the motorcycle, it will not work
1. INTRODUCTION because only the authorized fingerprint can start the
1The Philippines is one of the countries in Southeast Asia motorcycle. The proponents could make it possible with the
with many motorbike users. In almost every street, every help of Arduino fingerprint ignition which will be applied in
corner, every road—big or small, for sure, there is a the motorcycle.
motorcycle rider just speeding his way and avoiding The connection between the motorcycle and the keyless
Philippines ‘fatal’ traffic situation. As a result of its sudden ignition system can be done through the use of Bluetooth
rise in numbers, motorcycles or motorbikes have recently module. The Bluetooth will serve as a monitoring device
been the common target of thieves. The system will help when the connection between the motorcycle and the mobile
many motorcycle users to secure and feel comfortable without application disconnects, a notification will be sent to the
looking back to their motorcycle because of its security owner.5The same idea was done by Vyas, et. al. in their study
features and anti-thieves fingerprint-enabled ignition feature. wherein Android smartphone with Bluetooth functionality
By doing this project, it clearly shows that a variety of was used to a run client-side application to gain access and
security can be added to the motorcycle. control on the ignition system. This feature will prevent any
Imagine the world with the motorcycle locking and starting thief from stealing the motorcycle by pushing it or carrying it
engine by using mobile Bluetooth technology or fingerprint- away. This feature added extra security on the fingerprint-
enabled will be a great advantage in terms of human energy enabled ignition of the project.
and time-consuming. Therefore, this system consists of an 6Study of Shaharuddin reveals that a system can ignite the car
android based mobile application on an Android device that anytime in the distance range between 0-10 meter radius using
connects wirelessly using Bluetooth to the Arduino system the Bluetooth module. In addition, the equipment parts used
that acts as the microcontroller. The system is constructed by are the Rabbit Core Module (RCM3200) with the Prototyping
integrating both hardware and software. Board (RCM3100) which is the heart of the created
In this project, proponents present an advanced security framework, the Embedded Blue (eb506) and Mobile Phone as
system for motorcycles. As there is a tremendous increase in a communication gadget. Combination of these technologies
sales of motorcycles but also the counter of stolen vehicles will enable the proposed project to have perimeter sensing and
rapidly increases. Nowadays usually to prevent theft of monitoring of the motorcycle.
normal locks and wireless key, these are the two options
available in the market. But the proposed system is designed
such that there is no need for any keys. The proposed security
system is totally based on the fingerprint secured fingerprint-

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 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 178 – No. 22, June 2019

3. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Fig 1. Operational Framework for the Proposed Project

Fingerprint-enabled keyless Motorcycle eliminates the the dupont wires to the breadboard, pins of Arduino and relay
motorcycles ignition key switch and all the hassles associated module. The proponents also start to program the system of
with using a key. It provides convenience and security. the Arduino, and also the proponents start to make a mobile
Fingerprint requires the physical presence of the person to be application for the Secured Fingerprint-enabled Keyless
identified. This emphasizes its preference over the traditional Motorcycle Authentication System Using Arduino.
method of having such as keys, smartcard, and passwords, etc.
Also, it prevents unauthorized authentication to access control
4.3 Design
The mobile application aim is to give the user the ability to
system.
turn on and off their motorcycle. It features password security,
The keyless ignition module is consisting of an Arduino, motorcycle control, and an alarm monitor. At the start of the
Bluetooth module, Fingerprint sensor, and a relay module. mobile application, the user needs to log in with the right
Arduino is the core or the main processor of the system where credentials. In the next screen, the user can control the toggle
it can be programmed using the Arduino(IDE). The Bluetooth switch of the ignition key and the start button. In addition, the
Module will act as wireless communication between the user can customize the desired notification tone through the
mobile application and the Arduino. And also with the mobile application.
fingerprint sensor connected to the Arduino, they can enroll
and verify the user, and when the user is authorized the
fingerprint scanner will trigger the Relay Module where Relay
Module will act as the switch that is connected to the
motorcycle ignition mechanism. Smartphone basically act as
the remote of the keyless ignition module where a mobile
application installed specifically designed to remotely controls
the keyless ignition module.

4. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF

DATA
4.1 Description of the Project
This project aims to reduce or avoid motornapping in the
country. This project could help motorist to secure their Fig 2 - Microcontroller to module diagram
motorcycle against motornapping. The project includes
Figure 2 shows the diagram on the possible wirings of the
features like keyless fingerprint ignition system. The project
microcontroller and modules. Existing motorcycle
has a fingerprint module that allows the user to start the
mechanism, motorist tends to say that the ignition key is easy
motorcycle without using a key. Another, a Bluetooth module to use but it can be easily tampered key can be duplicated
that allows the user to connect to the motorcycle via mobile using standard keys, unlike cars that even the key is
phone that contains a mobile application that can start the duplicated it will not work because of the additional features
motorcycle. It also has Bluetooth perimeter feature that when such as a transponder chip. In addition, mechanical keys tend
the motorcycle is being pushed away or being carried; to rust after a while
disconnection will be notified to the user and will
automatically alarm so that the owner will feel secured and 4.4 Snapshot / Wireframe
can prevent motornapping. A wireframe is a visual guide that represents the skeletal
framework of a website, indicating where visual and UI
4.2 Development components are located (technopedia).
After gathered and analyze the requirements it is time to build
and develop the project. The proponents start to connect all

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 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 178 – No. 22, June 2019

Motorcycle User, Hobbyist, Dealers Evaluation Result

Questions YES NO

Does the mobile application authenticate 20 0

user before using it?

Does the mobile application connects to 20 0

the motorcycle via Bluetooth?

Does the application controls the master 20 0

ignition of the motorcycle?
Fig 3 – Log in and Control Screen
In the login control screen, the proponents make the user Does the motorcycle starts using the 20 0
interface simple so that the user can use the application with mobile application?
ease. On top of that, the proponents added a screen terminal
so that when the user tries to enroll another user, the user can Does the motorcycle recognizes 20 0
read the instructions for enrolling or deleting a user ID. authorized user using fingerprint module?
4.5 Implementation
After the proponents removed the case of the motorcycle the Does the motorcycle starts through 20 0
proponents ready the system to be installed inside the bikes U- fingerprint module?
box after the installation of the system. The proponents
conduct a series of drive tests and the proponents were able to
find out the errors in the design of circuitry. Does the motorcycle stops when 19 1
unrecognized fingerprint was used?
The proponents were able to find an enclosure for the system
for the safety of the circuitry and to make the system compact.
The hardware and arrangement of the sensors were assembled Does the application able to stop the 20 0
inside the bike's utility box Putting them inside the utility box motorcycle?
will lessen the probability of the circuitry being exposed to
water because of rain or other water sources. Does the mobile application notify the 20 0
owner when motorcycle is beyond
monitoring radius?

Does the application able to add new user 20 0

to the motorcycle’s fingerprint module?

Is the mobile application easy to use and 20 0

understand ?

Does the keyless ignition feature hassle- 20 0

Fig 4- Installation in the Utility Box free to motorcycle users ?

4. RESULTS, CONCLUSION, AND Does the system secure the motorcycle? 20 0

RECOMMENDATION
4.1 Testing Can the mobile application be use 20 0
In this area, the proponents analyze the results from the
anytime?
survey form. Survey is conducted from different types of
users such as motorist, hobbyist and motor dealers. Results for
the functionality and usability of the project from the users. Is the mobile application free from 20 0
The proponents prove that their project is successful because runtime error or unwanted behavior?
of the answers of respondent in the survey questionnaire.
Does the mobile application work on any 20 0
android phones?

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 International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 178 – No. 22, June 2019

To fix the problem in question number 7 the proponents found 5. REFERENCES

out that the fingerprint scanner is sensitive to lights that can [1.] Reyes., 2017. Cases of Motornapping / Bikenapping in
trigger fingerprint scanning feature even the motorcycle is the Philippines. https://ichoose.ph/blogs/cases-
running when the lights reach the fingerprint scanner the motornapping-bikenapping-philippines/
motorcycle will turned off in that case it is dangerous it will
cause accident so that the proponents change it to only [2.] Velasquez, 2014. https://www5.topgear.com.ph/moto-
registered fingerprint can turn off the motorcycle. sapiens/motorcycle-news/pnp-report-carnapping-
motorcycle-theft-a00188-20170815?ref=article_tag
4.2 Conclusion
The implementation of the project will not only reduce the [3.] Ronak M/ Vithlani., 2016. Biometric automobile ignition
risk of the motorcycle being stolen, but this can also help the locking system.
motorist free of carrying a key that can be lost or tend to https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318283894_BI
break. With the use of the keyless ignition, the motorist was OMETRIC_AUTOMOBILE_IGNITION_LOCKING_S
able to start the engine with ease. The results of the testing YSTEM
show that the proponents were able to successfully implement [4.] Amit Saxena, Sarthak Sharma, Shivam Gaur, Shubham
the system without any runtime errors. This system may Chauhan, Shantanu Varshney., 1985. Ignition Based on
reduce the risk of fraudulent activities on the motorcycle such Fingerprint
that only registered fingerprint user can use the motorcycle. Recognition.http://www.ijsrms.com/media/8I13-
During the development of the project, the proponents found IJSRMS0201663-v2-i1-66-71.pdf.
out that several motorcycle brands use similar types of the
ignition key. [5.] Haider A, Anwer A, Khan H, Denai M,. 2017. A smart
wireless car ignition adv automob.
Overall, the project earned a high percentage of “yes” in the https://www.longdom.org/open-access/a-smart-wireless-
conducted evaluation. All 16 question has an average of car-ignition-system-for-vehicle-security-2167-7670-
99.69% or 319 out of the 320 of the answers is “yes”. While 1000169.pdf
0.31% of the evaluators disagreed at one of the evaluation
questions. [6.] Muhamad Zulhaziq Bin Mohd Shaharuddin.,1995.
Wireless security for bike ignition using android via
4.3 Recommendation Bluetooth.http://eprints.utem.edu.my/18427/1/Wireless%
The project is designed and implemented on a motorcycle 20Security%20For%20Bike%20Ignition%20Using%20A
with a utility box. In the future, the proponents should ndroid%20Via%20Bluetooth.pdfC. J. Kaufman, Rocky
consider adding a design and enclosure specifically for a Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private
motorcycle that has no utility box. communication, May 1995.

Since implementing the proposed system to the motorcycle is [7.] Simon., et al. 1997. Keyless motor vehicle entry and
a bit complicated and some motorists are not happy ignition system.
dismantling motorcycle covers, the proponents recommend https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/aa/5a/37/a0
that a convenient connector is placed on a conspicuous area 5daee4fbc48b/US5937065.pdf
for easy implementation. [8.] Vyas et al,. 2016. Access control application using
The proponents recommend that the fingerprint module is android smartphone, arduino Bluetooth. DOI:
mounted on a place where it will not be vulnerable to rain and 10.5120/ijca2016909902
sunlight because it can trigger the scanning function of the
module.

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