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    Motivation Theories You Should Know For The PMP Certification Exam

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    Ian Secretaria
    The document discusses several motivation theories that are important for the PMP certification exam, including: 1) Theory X and Theory Y which describe two types of workers and how they should be managed - Theory X believes workers avoid work while Theory Y believes workers want to perform well. 2) Motivation-Hygiene Theory which states hygiene factors like policies and salary do not motivate but can cause dissatisfaction, while motivation factors like achievement and growth lead to better performance. 3) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs which proposes people must meet lower level needs before higher ones - shown as a pyramid from basic to self-fulfillment needs. 4) ERG Theory which focuses on existence, relatedness

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    Motivation Theories You Should Know For The PMP Certification Exam

    Uploaded by

    Ian Secretaria
    34 views5 pages
    The document discusses several motivation theories that are important for the PMP certification exam, including: 1) Theory X and Theory Y which describe two types of workers and how they should be managed - Theory X believes workers avoid work while Theory Y believes workers want to perform well. 2) Motivation-Hygiene Theory which states hygiene factors like policies and salary do not motivate but can cause dissatisfaction, while motivation factors like achievement and growth lead to better performance. 3) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs which proposes people must meet lower level needs before higher ones - shown as a pyramid from basic to self-fulfillment needs. 4) ERG Theory which focuses on existence, relatedness

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    1. Motivation Theories You Should Know for the PMP Certification Exam

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    The document discusses several motivation theories that are important for the PMP certification exam, including: 1) Theory X and Theory Y which describe two types of workers and how they should be managed - Theory X believes workers avoid work while Theory Y believes workers want to perform well. 2) Motivation-Hygiene Theory which states hygiene factors like policies and salary do not motivate but can cause dissatisfaction, while motivation factors like achievement and growth lead to better performance. 3) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs which proposes people must meet lower level needs before higher ones - shown as a pyramid from basic to self-fulfillment needs. 4) ERG Theory which focuses on existence, relatedness

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views5 pages

    Motivation Theories You Should Know For The PMP Certification Exam

    Uploaded by

    Ian Secretaria
    The document discusses several motivation theories that are important for the PMP certification exam, including: 1) Theory X and Theory Y which describe two types of workers and how they should be managed - Theory X believes workers avoid work while Theory Y believes workers want to perform well. 2) Motivation-Hygiene Theory which states hygiene factors like policies and salary do not motivate but can cause dissatisfaction, while motivation factors like achievement and growth lead to better performance. 3) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs which proposes people must meet lower level needs before higher ones - shown as a pyramid from basic to self-fulfillment needs. 4) ERG Theory which focuses on existence, relatedness

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Motivation Theories You Should

    Know for the PMP Certification Exam

    By Cynthia Snyder Stackpole

    Motivating people is a large part of the project manager’s job. You should know the motivation
    theories for the PMP Certification Exam. Motivation can be difficult because not everyone is
    motivated by the same type of reward.

    Theory X and Theory Y

    As proposed by Douglas McGregor, Theory X and Theory Y describe two different types of
    workers and how they should be managed. Theory X states that management believes that
    workers will do as little as possible to get by, and thus need a great deal of direction. Theory Y
    states that management believes that workers are interested in doing their best and, given the
    freedom, will perform well.

    Theory X Theory Y

    The average worker has an inherent dislike of work The average worker wants to be active and finds the
    and will physical
    avoid it if possible. and mental effort on the job to be satisfying.

    Because of their dislike for work, most people must be The greatest results come from willing participation,
    controlled before they will work hard enough. which
    will tend to produce self-direction toward goals without
    coercion
    or control.

    The average worker prefers to be directed and dislikes The average worker seeks the opportunity for personal
    responsibility. improvement and self-respect.

    The average worker is not ambitious, and desires Imagination, creativity, and ingenuity can be used to
    security above solve
    everything else. work problems by a large number of employees.

    Motivation-Hygiene Theory
    Frederick Herzberg believed that the two aspects to the work environment are hygiene and
    motivation. He stated that hygiene factors don’t motivate a worker to perform. However, the way
    they are implemented — or not implemented — can lead to employee dissatisfaction. On the
    other hand, motivation factors lead to higher individual performance.

    Hygiene Factors Motivation Factors

    Policies Achievement

    Administration Recognition

    Working conditions Growth

    Salary Advancement

    Status Interest in the job

    Supervision Job challenge

    Security

    Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

    One of the most well-known of all motivation theories is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This
    theory states that human beings have basic needs and that people need to meet lower-level
    needs before they can move onto the next level of needs. This theory is shown as a pyramid.
    ERG Theory

    ERG Theory is similar to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, but it focuses on existence, relatedness,
    and growth needs.

    • Existence includes the needs for food, drink, shelter, and safety.

    • Relatedness needs include the need to feel connected to other individuals or a group.
    Relatedness needs are fulfilled by establishing and maintaining relationships.

    • Growth needs are fulfilled by personal achievement and self-actualization.


    McClelland’s Theory of Needs

    David McClelland posited that people are motivated by power, achievement, or affiliation, and
    that how you manage a person is different based on what motivates that individual.

    Need Behavior

    Power These people like to organize, motivate, and lead others.


    Rewards should be focused on giving them more responsibility.

    Achievement These people are result oriented. They like to reach a goal and
    be recognized for it. They like challenges that are
    reasonable.

    Affiliation These people seek acceptance and belonging. They like being
    part of a team.

    Vroom’s Expectancy Theory

    Victor Vroom states that “intensity of work effort depends on the perception that an individual’s
    effort will result in a desired outcome.” Employees are motivated when they believe the following:

    • Putting in more effort will yield better job performance.


    • Better job performance will lead to organizational rewards, such as an increase in salary
    or benefits.

    • These predicted organizational rewards are valued by the employee.

    The theory supports the concept of the reward being tied to performance, and ensuring that the
    reward is what the employee wants. It emphasizes the links between behavior, rewards, and the
    organization’s goals.

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