St. Antony’s Matric. Hr. Sec. School, Sakkottai.

Unit 10 - Matter Around Us Textbook Exercises

Class: 9 Subject: Science

I. Choose the correct answer.

Question1.
The separation of denser particles from lighter particles done by rotation at high speed is
called _______
(a) Filtration
(b) sedimentation
(c) decantation
(d) centrifugation
Answer:
(d) centrifugation

Question 2.
Among the following_________ is a mixture.
(a) Common salt
(b) Juice
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) Pure silver
Answer:
(b) Juice

Question 3.
When we mix a drop of ink in water, we get a ________
(a) Heterogeneous Mixture
(b) Homogeneous Mixture
(c) Compound
(d) Suspension
Answer:
(b) Homogeneous Mixture

Question 4.
_________ is essential to perform separation by solvent extraction method.
(a) Separating funnel
(b) Centrifuge machine
(c) Filter paper
(d) Sieves
Answer:
(a) Separating funnel

Question 5
_________ has the same properties throughout the sample.
(a) Pure substance
(b) Mixture
(c) Colloid
(d) Suspension
Answer:
(a) Pure substance
II. State whether the following statements are true or false. If false give the correct
statement.

1. Oil and water immiscible in each other – True

2. A compound cannot be broken, into simpler substances chemically – False.
Correct Statement: A compound can be broken into simpler substances chemically.
3. Liquid – liquid colloids are called gels – False
Correct Statement: Liquid – solid colloids are called gels.
4. Buttermilk is an example of heterogeneous mixture – True
5. Aspirin is composed of 60% Carbon, 4.5% Hydrogen and 35.5% Oxygen by mass.
Aspirin is a mixture – False.
Correct Statement: The constituents of Aspirin are present in a fixed ratio by mass. So
it is a Compound.

III. Match the following.

No.  A B
1. Element (a) Settles down on standing
2. Compound (b) Impure substance
3. Colloid (c) Made up of molecules
4. Suspension (d) Pure substances
5. Mixture (e) Made up of atoms

Answer:

1.e) Made up of atoms

2.(c) Made up of molecules

3.(b) Impure substance

4.(a) Settles down on standing

5.(d) Pure substances

IV. Fill in the blanks.

1. A______ mixture has no distinguishable boundary between its components.

2. An example of a substance that sublimes is______
3. Alcohol can be separated from water by ______
4. In petroleum refining, the method of separation used is______
5. Chromatography is based on the principle of_________

Answer:

1. homogeneous
2. Naphthalene
3. distillation
4. fractional distillation
5. absorptions
V. Very short answers.

Question 1.
Differentiate between absorption and adsorption.

Absorption Adsorption
It is the process by which atoms, It is the adhesion of atoms, ions or
molecules, or ions enter a bulk phase molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved
(liquid, gas, solid) solid to a surface

Answer:
Absorption Adsorption
It is the process by which atoms, molecules, or ions enter a bulk phase (liquid, gas, solid) It is
the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface

Question 2.
Define sublimation.

Answer:
Certain solids change directly to a gas without passing through the liquid is called
sublimation.

Question 3.
A few drops of ‘Dettol’ when added to water the mixture turns turbid. Why?

Answer:
The mixture turns turbid, because of emulsion,
(Disperse phase and Dispersion medium are liquid).

Question 4.
Name the apparatus that you will use of separate the components of mixtures containing two,

1. Miscible liquids,
2. Immiscible liquids

Answer:

1. Miscible liquids – Fractional distillation (Fractionating column and Liebig)

Condenser
2. Immiscible liquids – Separating funnel

Question 5.
Name the components in each of the following mixtures.

1. Ice cream
2. Lemonade
3. Air
4. Soil

Answer:

1. The main constituents of ice cream are fat, milk solids (skim-milk powder), sugar,
gelatin, egg and flavouring.
 2. Lemonade is a mixture of lemon juice, sugar and water.
3. Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour and other gases.
4. Soil is a mixture of clay, sand and various salts.

VI. Short answers.

Question 1.
Which of the following are pure substances? Ice, Milk, Iron, Hydrochloric acid, Mercury,
Brick and Water.

Answer:
Ice, Iron, Hydrochloric acid, Mercury and water are pure substances.

Question 2.
Oxygen is very essential for us to live. It forms 21% of air by volume. Is it an element or
compound?

Answer:
Oxygen is an element. It contains the atoms of oxygen of the same kind.

Question 3.
You have just won a medal made of 22-carat gold. Have you just procured a pure substance
or impure substance?

Answer:
I have procured an impure substance. It is made of 22 parts of pure gold and 2 parts of copper
or silver.

Question 4.
How will you separate a mixture containing saw dust, naphthalene and iron filings?

Answer:
When a magnet is brought near the mixture containing saw dust naphthalene and iron filings,
it attracts the iron filings. Thus, iron filings are separated.

The mixture of naphthalene and saw dust are put in a China dish and covered with a
perforated asbestos sheet. An inverted funnel is placed over the asbestos sheet.

The open end of the stem of the funnel is closed, using cotton wool. The china dish is heated.
The pure vapours of naphthalene solid pass through the holes in the asbestos sheet and
condense on the inner side of the funnel. The saw dust is left in the china dish.

Question 5.
How are homogenous solutions different from heterogeneous solution? Explain with
examples.
Answer:

S.No. Homogeneous solutions Heterogeneous solutions

1. Components are uniformly mixed. Components are not uniformly mixed.
2. It has single phase. It has two or more distinct phases.
No boundaries of separation between There are visible boundaries between
3.
the components. the components.
4. Components are invisible to naked Components are visible to naked eye.
 eye.
Examples of Heterogeneous solutions
Examples of Homogeneous solutions
5. are chalk in water, petrol in water, and
are salt solution, lemonade, petrol etc.
sand in water.

VII. Long Answer.

Question 1.
Write the differences between elements and compounds and give an example for each.
Answer:

S.No. Elements Compounds

1. Contains only one kind of atoms. Contains more than one kind of atoms.
2. It is a pure substance. It is not a pure substance.
Elements cannot be broken down Compounds can be broken down further
3 further into simpler substances by into simpler substances by chemical
chemical methods. methods.
Elements have definite physical and Compounds have definite physical and
4
chemical properties. chemical properties.
Examples for elements: oxygen 07, Examples for compounds, water H70,
5
hydrogen H7, sodium Na. cane sugar Cp

Question 2.
Explain Tyndall effect and Brownian movement with suitable diagram.

A. Tyndall Effect:

When a strong beam of light is focused on a colloidal solution the path of the beam becomes
visible.
This phenomenon is called as Tyndall effect. The illuminated path is called Tyndall cone.
This phenomenon is due to scattering of light by colloidal particles.

B. Brownian movement:

It is a kinetic property. When colloidal solution are viewed under powerful microscope, it can
be seen that colloidal particles are moving constantly and rapidly in zig-zag directions. The
Brownian movement of particles is due to the unbalanced bombardment of the particles by
the molecules of dispersion medium.
Question 3.
How is a mixture of common salt, oil and water separated?
You can use a combination of different methods.

Answer:
The mixture of common salt, oil and water are taken in a beaker. The salt dissolves in water.
Allow it to stand for a few minutes. The mixture of two immiscible liquids is separated by a
separating funnel. The oil floats on top. The water can carefully be separated by opening the
stopcock in the separating funnel. The oil is left behind in the separating funnel.

The salt water is heated slowly, in a distillation flask with a water condenser. The pure water
vapour passes through the inner tube of the condenser.

The vapours on cooling condense into pure water and are collected in a receiver. The salt is
left behind in the flask as a residue.