PHED-101-Mod 1les 1

MODULE I
Physical Education and

Fitness
Lesson 1 Physical Education

2
MODULE I
Physical Education and Fitness
 INTRODUCTION
This module is about the definition of physical education and physical

fitness, and the importance of these in students’ physical, mental and socio-
emotional development. The legal basis that supports physical education in the
curriculum will also be undertaken.
OBJECTIVES
After studying the module, you should be able to:
1. Define the history and objectives of physical education based from their
understanding;
2. Connect the importance of Physical Education and fitness in daily life;
3. Familiarize themselves on the legal basis of physical education in the
curriculum;
4. Describe the standard position in human anatomy;
5. Identify some basic movements associated on the types of movements
and location of the body movements through the use of body planes;
6. Differentiate axial movement and locomotor movement;
7. Explain what is physical fitness and identify the importance of exercise;
8. Perform the different physical fitness test; and,
9. Identification of weight groups based from their BMI.
 DIRECTIONS/ MODULE ORGANIZER
There are three lessons in the module. Read each lesson carefully then
answer the exercises/activities to find out how much you have benefited from it.
Work on these exercises carefully and submit your output to your instructor or to
the College of Arts and Sciences office.
PHED 101- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS Module 1

3
In case you encounter difficulty, discuss this with your instructor during the
face-to-face meeting. If not, contact your instructor at the College of Arts and
Sciences office.
Good luck and happy reading!!!

Lesson 1
 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
History and Definition
Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop

students’ physical competence and knowledge of movement and safety, and their
ability to use these to perform in a wide range of activities associated with the
development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
PE is the earliest form of education known to man. Learning how to move is

vital for one’s survival. Learning the most basic functions such as turning over,
sitting up, standing, walking and running are but a few of the essential skills that a
child has to learn. Growing up, a variety of more complex movement skills must be
acquired. In the primitive era, one must learn the skills of hunting and gathering
food, to look for shelter, as well as defending one’s territory. The desire for
propagation and mating is said to have been the origin of dance and play.
Ancient civilizations all have forms of physical education as part of their

past and culture. China has records of forms of music, dance, archery, as well as
other forms of physical activities like wrestling, tug of war, polo and etc. In Egypt,
young boys were given weapons to play and train with, and were trained
gymnastics, while the girls were taught dance to entertain royalties. In Persia, the
whole life of the individual is a life of military training.
The Greeks valued physical education as well. In Athens, life was a

democracy, and physical education was for the purpose of perfection and beauty.
In Sparta, physical education is for the purpose of strengthening the army.
Defective babies were thrown off the cliff, and young boys start their training by
six years of age. When Rome conquered Greece, such practices in physical training
were assimilated in the life of the Roman Soldier. As the Roman Empire started to
become materialistic, there was a decline in physical education, and the focus
went into gladiatorial combat as a form of entertainment. With the decline of the
Roman Empire, physical education experienced a decline with it as well.
During the Renaissance period, physical education was seen as important.

While the mind is given premium, it was considered that the body must have rest
and recreation as well. Eventually the practice of physical education and
gymnastics spread all across Europe, and it was formalized in Germany, Denmark,
Sweden, and Great Britain. Physical education was now being made part of school
and was experiencing refinement. Eventually the United States followed suit,
including physical education in schools, establishing sports clubs, and starting
teacher training. Basketball was invented, and broad and extensive programs were
established for sports and recreational activities.

4
As the Philippine educational system is very much what was set up by the
Americans. A similar system of physical education and sports is in place. However
Philippine physical education has its own roots. The Philippines is home to a wide
array of indigenous dances and plays, as well as local games. The Philippines is also
home to martial art of stick-fighting known as arnis or what is now known as FMA
(Filipino Martial Art). As physical education became formalized in schools, there
was a move to include these dances, games, and martial art as part of the physical
education curriculum.
Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop

students’ physical competence and knowledge of movement and safety, and their
ability to use these to perform in a wide range of activities associated with the
development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
Objectives of Physical Education
Physical education is “to educate students through physical activities”. It

aims to develop students’ physical competence and knowledge of movement and
safety, and their ability to use this to perform in a wide range of activities
associated with the development of an active and healthy lifestyle.
Physical education aims to help students:
• develop motor skills, acquire necessary knowledge through physical

activities and cultivate positive values and attitudes for the development
of an active and healthy lifestyle
• acquire good health, physical fitness and bodily coordination through
participating regularly in physical activity
• promote desirable moral behaviors, cooperation in communal life, ability
to make decisions, and the appreciation of aesthetic movement
• have basic competence and confidence to face different challenges
The PE curriculum framework is structured to ensure that students can

enjoy an open, flexible and balanced program featuring a variety of movement
experiences. The six strands in the framework are inextricably intertwined.
Through participating in various activities, students can acquire knowledge and
skills, develop generic skills, as well as desirable values and attitudes, and
ultimately achieve the overall aims of PE.
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
1. Students who play sports are better able to concentrate and maintain focus,

which has a positive impact on their academic life.
2. Regular exercise is vital in the fight against child obesity.
3. Students who exercise regularly have a better quality of sleep.
4. Physical exercise helps children relieve stress and anxiety.

5
5. Playing sports in groups help young people to improve their teamwork and
leadership skills.
6. Physical activity promotes positive body image in teenagers, especially amongst

women and girls.
7. Sports teaches children to have improved self-discipline.
8. PE helps children to develop their confidence.
9. Sport helps children develop their motor skills and strengthen their muscles.
10. Students who play regular sports have improved behavior in school.
The Legal Basis of Physical Education in the Curriculum
Article I of the International Charter of Physical education and Sports,

UNESCO, Paris1978 and recommendation I, interdisciplinary Regional
meeting of experts on P.E., UNESCO, Brisbane, Australia, 1982. States
that: “The practice of P.E. and Sports is a Fundamental right for all: ““And this
right should not be treat as different in principle from the right to adequate food,
shelter, and medical care.”
Article XIV, section 19, 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the

Philippines states shall promote P.E. and encourage sports programs, league
competitions, and amateur sports including training for International competition
to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a
healthy and alert citizenry.
“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the
country and in cooperation with athletic club and other sectors.”

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MODULE I

Physical Education and

Lesson 1 Physical Education

This module is about the definition of physical education and physical

After studying the module, you should be able to:

 DIRECTIONS/ MODULE ORGANIZER

PHED 101- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS Module 1

Good luck and happy reading!!!

History and Definition

Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop

PE is the earliest form of education known to man. Learning how to move is

Ancient civilizations all have forms of physical education as part of their

The Greeks valued physical education as well. In Athens, life was a

During the Renaissance period, physical education was seen as important.

PHED 101- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS Module 1

Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop

Objectives of Physical Education

Physical education is “to educate students through physical activities”. It

Physical education aims to help students:

• develop motor skills, acquire necessary knowledge through physical

The PE curriculum framework is structured to ensure that students can

IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Students who play sports are better able to concentrate and maintain focus,

2. Regular exercise is vital in the fight against child obesity.

3. Students who exercise regularly have a better quality of sleep.

4. Physical exercise helps children relieve stress and anxiety.

PHED 101- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS Module 1

6. Physical activity promotes positive body image in teenagers, especially amongst

7. Sports teaches children to have improved self-discipline.

8. PE helps children to develop their confidence.

9. Sport helps children develop their motor skills and strengthen their muscles.

10. Students who play regular sports have improved behavior in school.

The Legal Basis of Physical Education in the Curriculum

Article I of the International Charter of Physical education and Sports,

Article XIV, section 19, 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the

PHED 101- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS Module 1

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