PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

Quarter 1– Module 5:

POWERS OF THE MIND

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Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Personal Development
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1– Module 5: POWERS OF THE MIND
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Cagayan de Oro

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PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Quarter 1 – Module 5:

POWERS OF THE MIND

Thisinstructionalmaterialwascollaboratively
developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, and/or universities. W

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Table of Contents
What This Module is About................................................................................................1
What I Need to Know..........................................................................................................1
How to Learn from this Module.........................................................................................1
Icons of this Module.............................................................................................................2
What I Know..........................................................................................................................3

Lesson 1: Brain Parts, its Processes and Functions

What’s In: Major Layers of the Brain.........................................................5
What’s New: Activity 1: Colorful Mind.......................................................6
What Is It: Our Brain Controls our Thoughts, Feelings and Behavior 7
What’s More: Activity 2: Left or Right?.....................................................10
What Is It: Brain Lobes...............................................................................11
What’s More: Activity 3: My Functions.....................................................12
What’s More: Activity 4: Journal Writing..................................................13
Additional Activities: Activity 5: Name Label...........................................14

Lesson 2: Improving and Enhancing Brain Functions

What Is It: Brain Exercises….....................................................................15
Activity 6: Collage It Up!.......................................................18
What’s New: 12 Ways to Keep Your Brain Young.................................19
Activity 7: My Bucket List.....................................................20
What’s More: 11 Best Foods to Boost Your Brain & Memory..............21
Activity 8: Brainy Recipe.......................................................22
What I Can Do: Activity 9: My Blog, My Say!..........................................23

What I Have Learned..........................................................................................................24

Assessment: Post-Test......................................................................................................25
Answer Key..........................................................................................................................27
References................................................................................................................................ 28
 Welcome to
PERSONAL
DEVELOPMENT

MODULE 5
Powers of the Mind

To the Student of Personal Development:

Welcome to MODULE 5, POWERS OF THE MIND, this

module is very interesting. This talks about your human brain.

Mind is frequently associated with the brain, thus it is usually

considered as a substance. However, mind in its truest
essence is more than a substance, it is a power or a capacity.
Human mind makes a person unique from the rest of other
living organisms.

The mind is the underlying component of human intelligence,

wherein it includes the acts of thinking, feeling and action. In
order the mind to do specific things or activities there are
different aspects to consider which requires complex power

The mind plays an important role in achieving every success

and goal, minor, everyday goals, or major goals.

With minor, day-to-day goals, you know what you want to

achieve, but when it comes to major goals, it is different. You
might have a vague idea, but this is not enough.

To accomplish anything, and to use your mind power, you

have to know exactly what it is you want to do. In order to
focus your mind on a goal, you need a clear and well defined
goal. How do you go about that?
What This Module is About
This module is about power of your mind. Mind power is one of the strongest and
most useful powers you posses.

This power, together with your imagination, can create success or failure, happiness
or unhappiness, opportunities or obstacles. This depends on your mindset.

Your thoughts are the main ingredient of this power, and when you add to them focus
and emotions, thoughts become powerful and can affect your reality. The thoughts
that pass through your mind are responsible for almost everything that happens in
your life.

This module guides you on how to improve brain functions for personal development
by understanding the different parts of the brain, its processes and functions.

What I Need to Know

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Discuss that understanding the different parts of the brain, processes and
functions may help in improving thoughts, behavior and feelings
EsP-PD11/12PM-Ig-6.1
2. Explore ways on how to improve brain functions for personal development
EsP-PD11/12PM-Ig-h-6.2
3. Develop a personal plan to enhance brain functions
EsP-PD11/12PM-Ih-6.3

How to Learn from this Module

To attain the goals of this module, please do the following;

1. Take your time to read and understand the concepts in this module.
2. Follow the instruction carefully in every given task.
3. Answer all the given test and exercise
4. Work on the activities in this module and in every performance task given.
5. Take the Post-Test after you are done with all the lessons and activities in the
module
6. Familiarize yourself with the given terms.
7. Meet with your teacher. Ask him/her about any difficulty or confusion you have
encountered in this module.
8. Finally, prepare and gather all your outputs and submit them to your teacher.
9. Please write all your answers of the tests, activities, exercises, and others on
your separate activity notebook.

1
ICONS OF THIS MODULE
ICON LABEL IN THE DETAILS
MODULE
What I Need to Know This part contains learning
objectives that are set for you to
Learning learn as you go along the
module.
What IObjectives
Know This is an assessment as to your
level of knowledge to the subject
Pre-Assessment matter at hand, meant specifically
to gauge prior related knowledge.
What’s In This part connects the current
lesson with the previous lesson by
Review Activity
going over points that were taught
or learned previously.
What’s New This part introduces the new
lesson through various activities
Motivational Activity like story, an activity, a poem, a
song, or a situation.
What Is It This a brief discussion of the
lesson as a way to deepen your
Lesson Proper discovery and understanding of
the concept.
What’s More These are follow-up activities
that are intended for you to
Performance Task
practice further in order to
master the competencies
What I Have Learned Activities designed to process
what you have learned from the
Generalization lesson.
What I Can Do These are tasks that are designed
to showcase your skills and
Application knowledge gained and applied
into real life concerns and
Assessment This part evaluate your level of
situations.
mastery in achieving the
Post-Assessment
learners objectives

Additional These are activities in any form

that can increase the strength of
Activities
the response and tends to induce
Enrichment repetitions of actions/learning.
 What I Know
PRE-ASSESSMENT

As an initial activity, you will be assessed on your prior knowledge about finding the
answers to the research questions. This is to find out what are the things you need to
learn more about the subject matter.

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. The wrinkly surface of the brain is called the .

A. cererbral cortex C. sulci
B. corpus callosum D. gyrus

2. The left hemisphere of the brain controls

A. The right side of the body
B. Visual processing
C. Artistic pursuits
D. Mathematical problem solving

3. Which part of the brain regulates many vital autonomic functions including
heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and digestion?
A. Brain Stem C. Hypothalamus
C. Thalamus D. Cerebellum

4. If you realize there is an intruder in your home, why would you most likely
experience spurt in brain activity?
A. The event would stimulate your cerebellum which would enable you to
remove yourself from the situation
B. The even would trigger your hippocampus to activate memories of
previous robbery
C. Your hypothalamus is producing a fight or flight response
D. Your brain stem is stimulating a sudden release of adrenaline

5. The cerebellum is important for__ _

A. Initiating movements of the major muscle groups
B. Processing signals from the olfactory sensory neurons
C. Coordinating movement, balance, and eye coordination
D. Relaying sensory information to cerebral cortex

6. Which part of the brain is responsible for reasoning, planning, speech and
movement, emotions and problem-solving?
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

7. This part of the brain handles the perception of stimuli like touch, pressure,
temperature and pain.
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe
 8. The perception and recognition of sounds and memory are the responsibility
of this part of the brain.
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

9. Which part of the brain oversees vision?

A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

10. Which is false about the brain stem?

A. It’s responsible for the brain’s highest level of thinking and perception.
B. It controls the flow of messages between the brain and the body.
C. It consists of three parts: the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain.
D. It is the oldest and innermost region of the brain.

11. What is true about the cerebrum?

A. It’s named after its bell-like shape.
B. It plays a large role in motor control.
C. Common signs of cerebellum damage are related to vision.
D. It is the area of the brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing.

12. Which of the following is not a major layer of the brain

A. Stem brain C. Hindbrain
B. Forebrain D. Midbrain

13. What does the light blue shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

14. What does tha green shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

15. Injury to the frontal lobes may affect

A. Perception of size, colour, and shape
B. The ability to locate parts of the body
C. Emotions, impulse control, language, memory, social and sexual behavior
D. The ability to recognize a familiar person’s face and processing sensory
information
 Lesson
BRAIN PARTS, ITS PROCESSES AND FUNCTIONS

1
DISCUSS THAT UNDERST
DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BRAIN, PROCESSS AND FUNCTIONS MAY HELP IN IM

What’s In

MAJOR LAYERS OF THE BRAIN

The human brain is one of the most complex systems on earth. Every component of
the brain must work together in order to keep its body functioning. The brain and the
spinal cord make up the central nervous system, which alongside the peripheral
nervous system is responsible for regulating all bodily functions. The brain is split up
into three major layers: the hindbrain, the midbrain, and the forebrain.
Hindbrain

The hindbrain is the well-protected central core of the brain. It includes the
cerebellum, reticular formation, and brain stem, which are responsible for some of the
most basic autonomic functions of life, such as breathing and movement. The brain
stem contains the pons and medulla oblongata. Evolutionarily speaking, the
hindbrain contains the oldest parts of the brain, which all vertebrates possess, though
they may look different from species to species.

Midbrain

The midbrain makes up part of the brain stem. It is located between the hindbrain
and forebrain. All sensory and motor information that travels between the forebrain
and the spinal cord passes through the midbrain, making it a relay station for the
central nervous system.

Forebrain

The forebrain is the most anterior division of the developing vertebrate brain,
containing the most complex networks in the central nervous system. The forebrain
has two major divisions: the diencephalon and the telencephalon. The diencephalon
is lower, containing the thalamus and hypothalamus (which together form the limbic
system); the telencephalon is on top of the diencephalon and contains the cerebrum,
the home of the highest-level cognitive processing in the brain. It is the large and
complicated forebrain that distinguishes the human brain from other vertebrate
brains.
 OUR BRAIN CONTROLS OUR THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND BEHAVIO
What’s New

ACTIVITY 1: COLORFUL MIND

Instruction: Color the parts of the brain according to the color of the text of the
definition of the parts of the brain below the drawing.
 WhatOUR
Is ItBRAIN CONTROLS OUR THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND BEHAV

Structures and function of the “old brain” and its influence on behaviour:

The brain stem is the oldest and innermost region of the brain. It’s designed to
control the most basic functions of life, including breathing, attention, and motor
responses.

The brain stem begins where the spinal cord enters the skull and forms
the medulla, the area of the brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing.

The spherical shape above the medulla is the pons, a structure in the brain stem that
helps control the movements of the body, playing a particularly important role in
balance and walking.

Running through the medulla and the pons is a long, narrow network of
neurons known as the reticular formation. The job of the reticular formation is to
filter out some of the stimuli that are coming into the brain from the spinal cord and to
relay the remainder of the signals to other areas of the brain. The reticular formation
also plays important roles in walking, eating, sexual activity, and sleeping.

Figure 1. The Brain

Stem and the Thalamus

Above the brain stem are other parts of the old brain that also are involved in the
processing of behavior and emotions (The Limbic System).

The thalamus is the egg-shaped structure above the brain stem that applies still
more filtering to the sensory information that is coming up from the spinal cord and
through the reticular formation, and it relays some of these remaining signals to the
higher brain levels (Guillery & Sherman, 2002). The thalamus also receives some of
the higher brain’s replies, forwarding them to the medulla and the cerebellum. The
thalamus is also important in sleep because it shuts off incoming signals from the
senses, allowing us to rest.
The cerebellum (literally, “little brain”) consists of two wrinkled ovals behind the
brain stem. It functions to coordinate voluntary movement. People who have damage
to the cerebellum have difficulty walking, keeping their balance, and holding their
hands steady. Consuming alcohol influences the cerebellum, which is why people
who are drunk have more difficulty walking in a straight line. Also, the cerebellum
contributes to emotional responses, helps us discriminate between different sounds
and textures, and is important in learning (Bower & Parsons, 2003).

The amygdala consists of two “almond-shaped”

clusters (amygdala comes from the Latin word for
“almond”) and is primarily responsible for regulating
our perceptions of, and reactions to, aggression
and fear. The amygdala has connections to other
bodily systems related to fear, including the
sympathetic nervous system (which we will see
later is important in fear responses), facial
responses (which perceive and express emotions),
the processing of smells, and the release of
neurotransmitters related to stress and aggression
(Best, 2009)

Located just under the thalamus (hence its name) the hypothalamus is a brain
structure that contains a number of small areas that perform a variety of functions,
including the important role of linking the nervous system to the endocrine system via
the pituitary gland. Through its many interactions with other parts of the brain, the
hypothalamus helps regulate body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sex, and
responds to the satisfaction of these needs by creating feelings of pleasure

The hippocampus consists of two “horns” that curve back from the amygdala. The
hippocampus is important in storing information in long-term memory. If the
hippocampus is damaged, a person cannot build new memories, living instead in a
strange world where everything he or she experiences just fades away, even while
older memories from the time before the damage are untouched.

The key to the advanced intelligence of humans is not found in the size of our brains.
What sets humans apart from other animals is our larger cerebral cortex—the outer
bark-like layer of our brain that allows us to so successfully use language, acquire
complex skills, create tools, and live in social groups (Gibson, 2002). In humans, the
cerebral cortex is wrinkled and folded, rather than smooth as it is in most other
animals. This creates a much greater surface area and size, and allows increased
capacities for learning, remembering, and thinking. The folding of the cerebral cortex
is referred to as corticalization.
Cerebral Cortex

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layered structure of the brain and controls
higher brain functions such as information processing.

The cerebral cortex, the largest part of the brain, is the ultimate control and
information-processing center in the brain.

The cerebral cortex, made up of billions

of neurons and glial cells, is divided into
the right and left hemispheres and into
four lobes.

If you would divide the brain right down

the center into two equal parts, we would
have a right and left hemisphere.
Although they are equal in size, they are
not the same and do not have the same
functions.

The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. It also accomplishes
tasks that involve the academic and logical thinking like mathematics and science.
However, the right hemisphere coordinates the left side of the body and achieves
tasks that involve creativity and arts. The two sides of the brain communicate with
one another through the corpus callosum that connects them.

The left hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body while the right
hemisphere controls those on the left. This is why the damage to the left of the
brains, for example, might have an effect on the right side of the body.

The Right Brain

Based on the left-brain right brain dominance theory, the right side of the brain is best
at expressive and creative tasks.

Recognizing faces Color Motions Images

Music Intuitions Reading emotions Creativit
y

Some of the abilities popularly associated with the right side of the brain include:

The Left Brain

The left-side of the brain is considered to be adept at tasks that involve logic,
language, and analytical thinking. The left-brain is described as being better at:

Language Logic Critical Thinking Numbers Reasoning

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-psychology/chapter/structure-and-function-of-the-brain/
 WHICH HEMISPHERE IS DOMINANT?

What’s More
ACTIVITY 2: LEFT OR RIGHT?

To find out if the left or right side of your brain is dominant, decide if
the statements below are true or false to you. But don’t take the result
too seriously; the brain is very complex and scientists are not sure how
it works?

1. I don’t normally arrive late.

TRUE/FALSE
2. I write in a diary.
TRUE/FALSE
3. I’d like to be a lawyer, journalist, or doctor.
4. TRUE/FALSE
5. I can express myself well in words
TRUE/FALSE
6. If someone asks me a question, I turn my head to the right
TRUE/FALSE
7. I want to know the facts before I give my opinion
TRUE/FALSE
8. I make lists of things to do.
TRUE/FALSE
9. I read the instruction before I make something.
TRUE/FALSE
10. I’m not very musical.
TRUE/FALSE
11. When I talk, I don’t move my hands much.
TRUE/FALSE
12. I’d prefer to give someone directions than to dram a map

Results
Mostly TRUE- The left side of your brain is probably dominant. Are you logical
person? Can you express your ideas well?
Mostly FALSE- The right side of you brain is probably dominant. Are you an
intuitive person? Are you artistic or musical?
Six True, Six False- You use both sides of your brain equally.

So did you come out as more rightbrained or more left-brained?

Would you say the results were accurate?
What makes you say that?
Are the results what you expected?
Are you pleased with your results?
http://www.onestopenglish.com/teenagers/macmillan-education-courses/beyond/pdf-content/go-beyond-
knowledge-the-brain-lesson-plan/555354.article

11
 BRAIN LOBES
What Is It
Each side of your brain contains four lobes. The frontal lobe is important for cognitive
functions and control of voluntary movement or activity. The parietal lobe processes
information about temperature, taste, touch and movement, while the occipital lobe is
primarily responsible for vision. The temporal lobe processes memories, integrating
them with sensations of taste, sound, sight and touch.

Frontal Lobes
Located behind the forehead, frontal lobes are
the largest lobes of the brain. They are prone
to injury because they sit just inside the front
skull and near rough bony ridges.

These two lobes are involved in: Planning,

Organizing, Problem Solving, Memory,
Impulse Control, Decision Making, Selective
Attention, Controlling our behavior and
emotions. The left frontal lobe plays a large
role in speech and language.

Injury to the frontal lobes may affect

emotions, impulse control, language,
memory, social and sexual behaviour.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/brain-lobes/img-20008887
Parietal Lobes
Located behind the frontal lobes, the parietal lobes: Integrate sensory information
from various parts of the body and contain the primary sensory cortex, which controls
sensation (touch, hot or cold, pain). Help to keep up from bumping into things when
we walk.

Injury to the parietal lobe may affect: The ability to locate parts of the body.The ability
to recognize parts of your body.

Occipital Lobes
Located at the lower back of the head, the occipital lobes. It receives the process
visual information. Contain areas that help in receiving shapes and colors.

Injury to the occipital lobes may affect: Distortion of the visual field. Perception of
size, colour, and shape.

The temporal lobes

Temporal Lobes are located on the sides of the brain under the parietal lobes and
behind the frontal lobes at about the level of the ear. They are responsible for:
Recognizing and processing sound. Understanding and producing speech. Various
aspects of memory.

Injury to the temporal lobe may afffect: Hearing, Language, the ability to recognize a
familiar person’s face and processing sensory information.
 BRAIN STRUCTURES AND ITS FUNCTIONS

What’s More

ACTIVITY 3: MY FUNCTION

For each statement, decide whether it

is a function of the:

A. Brain Stem
B. Cerebellum
C. Occipital Lobes
D. Temporal Lobes
E. Parietal Lobes
F. Frontal Lobes
https://blog.chocchildrens.org/brain-quiz/

1. Breathing
2. Vision
3. Judgment
4. Language
5. Balance
6. Attention
7. Goal Setting
8. Touch Perception
9. Coordination
10. Memory Acquisition
11. Sensory Integration
12. Time Perception
13. Swallowing
14. Recognition of Printed Words
15. Control of Emotional Response
16. Hearing Ability
17. Inhibition
18. Initiation
19. Startle Response
20. Color

12
 What’s More

ACTIVITY 4: JOURNAL WRITING

1. Which brain hemisphere are you likely

to be using when you search for a fork in
the silverware drawer? Which brain
hemisphere are you most likely to be using
when you struggle to remember the name
of an old friend?

2. Do you think that encouraging left-

handed children to use their right hands is
a good idea? Why or why not?

3. Does understanding the different parts of the brain, processes and functions
help in improving thoughts, behaviour and feelings?

REFLECTION
 Additional Activities
BRAIN PARTS

ACTIVITY 5: NAME LABEL

Instruction:

The parts of the brain have been labeled. Your challenged is to write the correct
name for each part.

https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/brain-exercises#Brain-exercises
 Lesson IMPROVING AND EHANCING
BRAIN FUNCTIONS
2
EXPLORE WAYS ON HOW TO IMPROVE BRAIN FUNCTIONS FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT EsP-PD
DEVELOP A PERSONAL PLAN TO ENHANCE BRAIN FUNCTIONS
EsP-PD11/12PM-Ih-6.3

What Is It

BRAIN EXERCISES

Research has shown that there are many ways you can hone your mental sharpness
and help your brain stay healthy, no matter what age you are. Doing certain brain
exercises to help boost your memory, concentration, and focus can make daily tasks
quicker and easier to do, and keep your brain sharp as you get older.
Let’s take a deeper dive into 13 evidence-based exercises that offer the best brain-
boosting benefits.
1. Have fun with a jigsaw puzzle
Whether you’re putting together a 1,000-piece image
of the Eiffel Tower or joining 100 pieces to make
Mickey Mouse, working on a jigsaw puzzle is an
excellent way to strengthen your brain.
ResearchTrusted Source has shown that doing jigsaw
puzzles recruits multiple cognitive abilities and is a
protective factor for visuospatial cognitive aging. In
other words, when putting together a jigsaw puzzle,
you have to look at different pieces and figure out
where they fit within the larger picture. This can be a
great way to challenge and exercise your brain.
2. Try your hand at cards https://bit.ly/2AUWBin
When’s the last time you played a game of
cards? Researchers who conducted a study in
2015Trusted Source on mentally stimulating
activities for adults, say a quick card game can
lead to greater brain volume in several regions
of the brain. The same study also found that a
game of cards could improve memory and
thinking skills. Try learning one of these tried-
and-true card games: solitaire, bridge, gin
rummy, poker, hearts, crazy eights.
https://bit.ly/2NrOJrD
3. Build your vocabulary
A rich vocabulary has a way of making you sound smart. But did you know you can
also turn a quick vocab lesson into a stimulating brain game?
Research shows that many more regions of the brain are involved in vocabulary
tasks, particularly in areas that are important for visual and auditory processing. To
test this theory, try this cognitive-boosting activity:
 Keep a notebook with you when you read.
 Write down one unfamiliar word, then look up the definition.
 Try to use that word five times the next day.

4. Dance your heart out

The Centers for Disease Prevention and
ControlTrusted Source notes that learning new dance
moves can increase your brain’s processing speed
and memory. In other words, bust a move on the
dance floor and your brain will thank you. Want to test
it out? Give one of these dance activities a try:
Take a salsa, tap, hip-hop, or contemporary dance
class. https://bit.ly/3dmxvpQ
 Try a Zumba or jazz exercise class.
 Watch an online video with fun dance moves you’ve always wanted to learn.
 Grab a partner and learn to ballroom dance.
 Gather your friends and go line dancing.

5. Use all your senses

A 2015 research report Trusted Source suggests that
using all your senses may help strengthen your
brain.To give your senses and your brain a workout,
try doing activities that simultaneously engage all five
of your senses. You could try baking a batch of
cookies, visiting a farmer’s market, or trying a new
restaurant while you focus on smelling, touching,
tasting, seeing, and hearing all at the same time.
https://bit.ly/2YgNYri

6. Learn a new skill

Learning a new skill is not only fun and interesting, but it may also help strengthen
the connections in your brain. Research from 2014Trusted Source also shows that
learning a new skill can help improve memory function in older adults. Is there
something you’ve always wanted to learn how to do? Perhaps you’d like to know how
to repair your car, use a particular software program, or ride a horse? You now have
one more good reason to learn that new skill.

7. Teach a new skill to someone else

One of the best ways to expand your learning is to teach a skill to another person.
After you learn a new skill, you need to practice it. Teaching it to someone else
requires you to explain the concept and correct any mistakes you make. For
example, learn to swing a golf club, then teach the steps to a friend.
8. Listen to or play music
Do you want an easy way to increase your creative brain power? The answer may lie
in turning on some music. According to a 2017 studyTrusted Source, listening to
happy tunes helps generate more innovative solutions compared to being in silence.
Which means, cranking up some feel-good music can help boost your creative
thinking and brain power. And if you want to learn how to play music, now is a great
time to start because your brain is capable of learning new skills at any point in your
life. That’s why you’re never too old to start playing an instrument like the piano,
guitar, or even the drums.

9. Take a new route

Don’t get stuck in a rut when it comes to your daily
tasks. Instead, be willing to try new ways to do the
same things. Choose a different route to get to work
each week or try a different mode of transport, like
biking or using public transport instead of driving.
Your brain can benefit from this simple change, and
you might be surprised by how easy it is to change
your thinking.
https://bit.ly/2YgjzcS

10. Meditate
Daily meditation can calm your body, slow your
breathing, and reduce stress and anxiety. But did
you know that it may also help fine-tune your
memory and increase your brain’s ability to process
informationTrusted Source? Find a quiet spot, close
your eyes, and spend five minutes meditating each
day.
shorturl.at/xUV34

11. Learn a new language

A 2012 review of researchTrusted Source has
overwhelmingly proven the many cognitive benefits
of being able to speak more than one language.
According to numerous studies, bilingualism can
contribute to better memory, improved visual-spatial
skills, and higher levels of creativity. Being fluent in
more than one language may also help you switch
more easily between different tasks, and delay the
onset of age-related mental decline. The good news
is that it’s never too late to reap the rewards of
learning a new language. According to researchers,
you can boost your memory and improve other
mental functions by becoming a student of a new
language at any time in your life.

shorturl.at/jwyN2
12. Take up tai chi
It’s no secret that tai chi can benefit your health in
many ways, including your mental health. Plus, it
can also help center you when life seems out of
balance.
Taking up a regular practice of tai chi can help
reduce stress, enhance sleep quality, and improve
memory. A 2013 studyTrusted Source found that
long-term tai chi practice could induce structural
changes in the brain, resulting in an increase in
brain volume. Beginners do best by taking a class
to learn the different movements. But once you
know the basics, you can practice tai chi anywhere,
anytime.
shorturl.at/qwHJR
13. Focus on another person
The next time you interact with someone, take note of four things about them. Maybe
you observe the color of their shirt or pants. Are they wearing glasses? Do they have
a hat on, and if so, what kind of hat? What color is their hair? Once you decide on
four things to remember, make a mental note, and come back to it later in the day.
Write down what you remember about those four details.

The bottom line

Focusing on your brain health is one of the best things you can do to improve your
concentration, focus, memory, and mental agility, no matter what age you are. By
incorporating brain exercises into your everyday life, you’ll get to challenge your
mind, sharpen your cognitive skills, and possibly learn something new and enriching
along the way, too.

ACTIVITY 6: COLLAGE IT UP!

Instruction:
1. Make a collage of how you improve brain functions for your personal development
2. Make a short description of your collage

shorturl.at/cuxzA
 12 WAYS TO KEEP YOUR BRAIN YOUNG
What’s New

Every brain changes with age, and

mental function changes along with it.
Mental decline is common, and it's
one of the most feared
consequences of aging. But cognitive
impairment is not inevitable. Here are
12 ways you can help maintain brain
function.

1. Get mental stimulation

Through research with mice and humans, scientists have found that brainy activities
stimulate new connections between nerve cells and may even help the brain
generate new cells, developing neurological "plasticity" and building up a functional
reserve that provides a hedge against future cell loss. Any mentally stimulating
activity should help to build up your brain. Read, take courses, try "mental
gymnastics," such as word puzzles or math problems Experiment with things that
require manual dexterity as well as mental effort, such as drawing, painting, and
other crafts.

2. Get physical exercise

Research shows that using your muscles also helps your mind. Animals who
exercise regularly increase the number of tiny blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich
blood to the region of the brain that is responsible for thought. Exercise also spurs
the development of new nerve cells and increases the connections between brain
cells (synapses). This results in brains that are more efficient, plastic, and adaptive,
which translates into better performance in aging animals. Exercise also lowers blood
pressure, improves cholesterol levels, helps blood sugar balance and reduces mental
stress, all of which can help your brain as well as your heart.

3. Improve your diet

Good nutrition can help your mind as well as your body. For example, people that eat
aMediterranean style diet that emphasizes fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts, unsaturated
oils (olive oil) and plant sources of proteins are less likely to develop cognitive
impairment and dementia.

4. Improve your blood pressure

High blood pressure in midlife increases the risk of cognitive decline in old age. Use
lifestyle modification to keep your pressure as low as possible. Stay lean, exercise
regularly, limit your alcohol to two drinks a day, reduce stress, and eat right.

5. Improve your blood sugar

Diabetes is an important risk factor for dementia. You can help prevent diabetes by
eating right, exercising regularly, and staying lean. But if your blood sugar stays high,
you'll need medication to achieve good control.
6. Improve your cholesterol
High levels of LDL ("bad") cholesterol are associated with an increased the risk of
dementia. Diet, exercise, weight control, and avoiding tobacco will go a long way
toward improving your cholesterol levels. But if you need more help, ask your doctor
about medication.

7. Consider low-dose aspirin

Some observational studies suggest that low-dose aspirin may reduce the risk of
dementia, especially vascular dementia. Ask your doctor if you are a candidate.

8. Avoid tobacco
Avoid tobacco in all its forms.

9. Don't abuse alcohol

Excessive drinking is a major risk factor for dementia. If you choose to drink, limit
yourself to two drinks a day.

10. Care for your emotions

People who are anxious, depressed, sleep-deprived, or exhausted tend to score
poorly on cognitive function tests. Poor scores don't necessarily predict an increased
risk of cognitive decline in old age, but good mental health and restful sleep are
certainly important goals.

11. Protect your head

Moderate to severe head injuries, even without diagnosed concussions, increase the
risk of cognitive impairment.

12. Build social networks

Strong social ties have been associated with a lower risk of dementia, as well as
lower blood pressure and longer life expectancy.

ACTIVITY 7: MY BUCKET LIST

Instruction:

1. Make a bucket list of activities as a personal plan to enhance brain

functions for one year.
2. Provide a target date of accomplishing the target on the list.

Example: Activities Target date

o Visit an old friend in Bacolod September 28, 2020
o Jog every Saturday Starting July 4, 2020
o Visit my dentist August 28, 2020
o Scheduled Sleeping time Daily
o Mountain Climbing October 15, 2020

20
 What’s More 11 Best Foods to Boost Your Brain and Memory

Your brain is kind of a big deal.

As the control center of your body, it's in charge of keeping your heart beating and
lungs breathing and allowing you to move, feel and think.That's why it's a good idea
to keep your brain in peak working condition.The foods you eat play a role in keeping
your brain healthy and can improve specific mental tasks, such as memory and
concentration.
.
1. Fatty Fish
When people talk about brain foods, fatty fish is often at the top of the list.
Fatty fish is a rich source of omega-3s, a major building block of the brain.
Omega-3s play a role in sharpening memory and improving mood, as well as
protecting your brain against decline.

2. Coffee

If coffee is the highlight of your morning, you'll be glad to hear that it's good for
you. Coffee can help boost alertness and mood. It may also offer some
protection against Alzheimer's, thanks to its caffeine and antioxidants.

3. Blueberries

Blueberries provide numerous health benefits, including some that are

specifically for your brain. Blueberries are packed with antioxidants that may
delay brain aging and improve memory.

4. Turmeric
Turmeric has generated a lot of buzz recently. Turmeric and its active
compound curcumin have strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits,
which help the brain. In research, it has reduced symptoms of depression and
Alzheimer's disease.

5. Broccoli
Broccoli is packed with powerful plant compounds, including antioxidants.
Broccoli contains a number of compounds that have powerful antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory effects, including vitamin K.

6. Pumpkin Seeds
Pumpkin seeds contain powerful antioxidants that protect the body and brain
from free radical damage. Pumpkin seeds are rich in many micronutrients that
are important for brain function, including copper, iron, magnesium and zinc.

21
 7. Dark Chocolate
Dark chocolate and cocoa powder are packed with a few brain-boosting
compounds, including flavonoids, caffeine and antioxidants. The flavonoids in
chocolate may help protect the brain. Studies have suggested that eating
chocolate could boost both memory and mood

8. Nuts
Research has shown that eating nuts can improve markers of heart health, and
having a healthy heart is linked to having a healthy brain. Nuts contain a host
of brain-boosting nutrients, including vitamin E, healthy fats and plant
compounds.

9. Oranges
You can get all the vitamin C you need in a day by eating one medium.
Oranges and other foods that are high in vitamin C can help defend your brain
against damage from free radicals.

10. Eggs
Eggs are a good source of several nutrients tied to brain health, including
vitamins B6 and B12, folate and choline. Eggs are a rich source of several B
vitamins and choline, which are important for proper brain functioning and
development, as well as regulating mood.

11. Green Tea

As is the case with coffee, the caffeine in green tea boosts brain function.
Green tea is an excellent beverage to support your brain. Its caffeine content
boosts alertness, while its antioxidants protect the brain and L-theanine helps
you relax.

ACTIVITY 8: BRAINY RECIPE

INSTRUCTION:

Make a simple brain recipe. Use in season locally grown ingredients. Take a photo of
the ingredients. Be sure to make an enticing localized recipe that will boost your brain
functions.

Name of the

Recipe

Ingredients:

Directions:
Kitchen Tips: shorturl.at/zFPW6
 What I Can Do
PERSONAL PLAN

ACTIVITY 9: MY BLOG, MY SAY!

10 Ways to Improve Your Brain Health

There are lots of crazy claims out there about how to become more intelligent or train
your brain to be smarter or healthier—but what many people do not know is that
many of these have actually been properly scientifically investigated, and some fairly
persuasive evidence does exist for many of them.

In light of that, make a simple blog suggesting 10 ways to help you reach your full
intellectual potential and improve your brain health, with each of the ten
suggestions having at least somewhat respectable evidence in their favor. As you
work our way down to number one, consider techniques that are backed up with
harder evidence. Make it convincing. Posting your blog is optional.

10 Ways to Improve Your Brain Health

BY: TRISHA ISHA

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

https://

23
 What I Have Learned
GENERALIZATION

Motor Cortex
Sensory Cortex

Frontal Lobe Movement

Sensations

Executive functions, thinking, planning, organizing and problem solving, emotions, behavioral control, personality
Parietal Lobe

Perception, making sense of the world, arithmetic, spelling

Occipital Lobe

Vision

Cerebellum: “Little Brain”

Temporal Lobe
Balance, Posture, coordination, human movement
Brain Stem
Memory, Understanding, Language

Basic life functions, heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure

Answer the following questions?

1. What protects the brain?
2. What are the two hemispheres of the brain?
3. What connects the 2 hemispheres? What is it made of?
4. What are the 4 lobes of the brain?
5. What are the three evolutionary levels of the brain?
6. What are the functions of the occipital lobes?
7. What are the functions of the parietal lobes?
8. What are the functions of the temporal lobes?
9. What are the functions of the frontal lobes?
10. Summarize in a few words the basic function of each lobe.
 Assessment: Post-Test

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. What is true about the cerebrum?

A. It’s named after its bell-like shape.
B. It plays a large role in motor control.
C. Common signs of cerebellum damage are related to vision.
D. It is the area of the brain stem that controls heart rate and breathing.

2. Which of the following is not a major layer of the brain

A. Stem brain C. Hindbrain
B. Forebrain D. Midbrain

3. What does the light blue shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?

A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

4. What does tha green shaded organ refer to in the below diagram?
A. Cerebrum
B. Cerebellum
C. Medulla Oblongata
D. Pons

5. Injury to the frontal lobes may affect

A. Perception of size, color, and shape
B. The ability to locate parts of the body
C. Emotions, impulse control, language, memory, social and sexual behavior
D. The ability to recognize a familiar persons face and processing sensory
information

6. Which part of the brain is responsible for reasoning, planning, speech and
movement, emotions and problem-solving?
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

7. This part of the brain handles the perception of stimuli like touch, pressure,
temperature and pain.
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe
8. The perception and recognition of sounds and memory are the responsibility
of this part of the brain.
A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

9. Which part of the brain oversees vision?

A. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe
B. Occipital lobe D. Temporal lobe

10. Which is false about the brain stem?

A. It’s responsible for the brain’s highest level of thinking and perception.
B. It controls the flow of messages between the brain and the body.
C. It consists of three parts: the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain.
D. It is the oldest and innermost region of the brain.

11. The wrinkly surface of the brain is called the .

A. cererbral cortex C. sulci
B. corpus callosum D. gyrus

12. The left hemisphere of the brain controls

A. The right side of the body
B. Visual processing
C. Artistic pursuits
D. Mathematical problem solving

13. Which part of the brain regulates many vital autonomic functions including
heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, and digestion?
A. Brain Stem C. Hypothalamus
B. Thalamus D. Cerebellum

14. If you realize there is an intruder in your home, why would you most likely
experience spurt in brain activity?
A. The event would stimulate your cerebellum which would enable you to
remove yourself from the situation.
B. The even would trigger your hippocampus to activate memories of
previous robbery.
C. Your hypothalamus is producing a fight or flight response.
D. Your brain stem is stimulating a sudden release of adrenaline.

15. The cerebellum is important for__ _

A. Initiating movements of the major muscle groups
B. Processing signals from the olfactory sensory neurons
C. Coordinating movement, balance, and eye coordination
D. Relaying sensory information to cerebral
 References

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324044

https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/brain-exercises#bottom-line

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-brain-foods#section12
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