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Quantitative Aptitude E-book by Lucid Math

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Welcome to Lucid Math

1
MATH FORMULAE E-BOOK ::

Arithmetic:
1: Calculation
2: Percentage
3: Compound and Simple Interest, Installment
4: Profit, Loss and Discount
5: Average
6: Time, Speed and Distance
7: Time and work, Pipe and Cistern
8: Mixture and Allegation, Ratio and Partnership

Advance:
1: Number System
2: Algebra
3: Trigonometry
4: Geometry
5: Mensuration

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 1. Calculation

2
TABLE:

×2 ×3 ×4 ×5 ×6 ×7 ×8 ×9
29=58 19=57 19=76 19=95 19=114 19=133 19=152 19=171

31=62 21=63 21=84 21=105 21=126 21=147 21=168 21=189

34=68 22=66 22=88 22=110 22=132 22=154 22=176 22=198

37=74 23=69 23=92 23=115 23=138 23=161 23=184 23=207

38=76 24=72 24=96 24=120 24=144 24=168 24=192 24=216

39=78 25=75 25=100 25=125 25=150 25=175 25=200 25=225

41=82 26=78 26=104 26=130 26=156 26=182 26=208 26=234

42=84 27=81 27=108 27=135 27=162 27=189 27=216 27=243

43=86 28=84 28=112 28=140 28=168 28=196 28=224 28=252

46=92 29=87 29=116 29=145 29=174 29=203 29=232 29=261

47=94 30=90 30=120 30=150 30=180 30=210 30=240 30=270

48=96 31=93 31=124 31=155 31=186 31=217 31=248 31=279

49=98 32=96 32=128 32=160 32=192 32=224 32=256 32=288

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 Squares:

3
12 = 1 112 = 121 212 = 441 312 = 961 412 = 1681
22 = 4 122 = 144 222 = 484 322 = 1024 422 = 1764
32 = 9 132 = 169 232 = 529 332 = 1089 432 = 1849
42 = 16 142 = 196 242 = 576 342 = 1156 442 = 1936
52 = 25 152 = 225 252 = 625 352 = 1225 452 = 2025
62 = 36 162 = 256 262 = 676 362 = 1296 462 = 2116
72 = 49 172 = 289 272 = 729 372 = 1369 472 = 2209
82 = 64 182 = 324 282 = 784 382 = 1444 482 = 2304
92 = 81 192 = 361 292 = 841 392 = 1521 492 = 2401
102 = 100 202 = 400 302 = 900 402 = 1600 502 = 2500

Cubes:

13 = 1 113 = 1331 213 = 9261

23 = 8 123 = 1728 223 = 10648
33 = 27 133 = 2197 233 = 12167
43 = 64 143 = 2744 243 = 13824
53 = 125 153 = 3375 253 = 15625
63 = 216 163 = 4096
73 = 343 173 = 4913
83 = 512 183 = 5832
93 = 729 193 = 6859
103 = 1000 203 = 8000

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 Square Roots:

4
1 1

2 1.414

3 1.732

4 2

5 2.236

6 2.45

7 2.65

8 2.828

9 3

10 3.162

Cube Roots:

1 1
2 1.26
3 1.44
4 1.6
5 1.7

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 Tricks:

5
Finding Squares:

 Above 100:
1032 = 10609
Step 1. Add the number to the ones digit:
103 + 3 = 106
Step 2. Square the ones digit number (if the result is a single digit
put a 0 in front of it):
32 = 09
Step 3. Place the result from Step 2 next to the result from Step 1:
10609

 Below 100:
972 = 9409
Step 1. Subtract the number from 100: 100- 97 = 3
Step 2. Subtract the number (from Step 1) from original number:
97-3 =94
Step 3. Square the result from Step 1 (if the result is a single digit
put a 0 in front of it): 32 = 09
Step 4. Place the result from Step 3 next to the result from Step 2:
9409

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  Below 50:

6
482 = 2304
Step 1. Subtract the number from 50: 50-48=2
Step 2. Subtract the result (from Step 1) from 25: 25-2 =23
Step 3. Square the result from Step 1 if the result is a single digit
put a 0 in front of it): 22 = 04
Step 4. Place the result from Step 3 next to the result from Step 2:
2304

 Above 50:
532 = 2809
Step 1. Add 25 to the ones digit: 25 + 3 = 28
Step 2. Square the ones digit number (if the result is a single digit
put a 0 in front of it): 32 = 09
Step 3. Place the result from Step 2 next to the result from Step 1:
2809

Important Points:

Condition for Perfect square:

 2,3,7,8 should not be unit digit.
 1,4,7,9 should be digital sum.
 Last two digits must be same as the last two digits
of square of 1-24.

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 7

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 2. Percentage

8
Fraction Percent
1/2 50%
𝟏
1/3 33 %
𝟑
𝟐
2/3 66 %
𝟑

1/4 25%
3/4 75%
𝟐
1/6 16 %
𝟑
𝟏
5/6 83 %
𝟑
𝟏
1/8 12 %
𝟐
𝟏
3/8 37 %
𝟐
𝟏
1/9 11 %
𝟗
𝟐
2/9 22 %
𝟗

1/10 10%
𝟏
1/11 9 %
𝟏𝟏
𝟏
1/12 8 %
𝟑
𝟗
1/13 7 %
𝟏𝟑
𝟏
1/14 7 %
𝟕
𝟐
1/15 6 %
𝟑
𝟏
1/16 6 %
𝟒

1/20 5%
7/24 29.166%

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 Important Point:

9
 If there is 25% increase and then 20% decrease;
Net change=0%
 If there is 33.33% increase and then 25% decrease;
Net change=0%
 If two subsequent increases/decrease of X% and
Y%, Then
𝑿𝒀
Click On me for Example
𝟏𝟎𝟎

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 3. Compound and Simple Interest,

10
Installment

 Compound Interest:
𝐫 𝐭
𝟏𝟎𝟎

A= Amount; P= Principle; r= rate; t= time

 Simple Interest:
𝐏 ×𝐑 ×𝐓
𝟏𝟎𝟎

SI= Simple Interest; P= Principle; R= Rate; T= Time

Table for direct calculation in CI:

Rate CI of 2 Years CI of 3 Years CI of 4 Years

5% 10.25% 15.7625% ~21.5%
10% 21% 33.1% 46.41%
15% 32.25% 52.0875% 69.35%
20% 44% 72.8% 107.36%

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 11
Important Points:

 In CI, Amount will double in “N” years then,

𝟔𝟗
N=
𝒓

𝑷𝑾 × 𝑹 × 𝑻
 TD =
𝟏𝟎𝟎

PW + TD = PA TD=True Discount
PW=Present Discount
𝑻𝑫 × 𝑺𝑰
PA = PA=Payable Worth
𝑺𝑰 𝑻𝑫

𝑷𝑨 ×𝑹 ×𝑻
SI=
𝟏𝟎𝟎

 Difference between CI and SI for two years

𝑹 𝟐
(CI - SI)2 year = 𝑷
𝟏𝟎𝟎

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 4. Profit, Loss and Discount

12
(𝑺𝑷 𝑪𝑷)

𝑪𝑷

(𝑴𝑷 𝑺𝑷)

𝑴𝑷

( %)

( ± / %)

 Total increase in price due to two subsequent

increases/decrease of X% and Y%, Then
𝑿𝒀
𝟏𝟎𝟎

 If two items are sold at same price, each at Rs. x, one at a

profit of P% and other at a loss of P%, Then
𝑷𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎

 If C.P of two items is same, and by selling of each item

he earned p% profit on one article and p% loss on
another, then there will be no loss or gain.

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  If two items are sold at same price, each at Rs. x,

13
one at a profit/loss of x% and other at a
Profit/loss of y%, Then
(𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝒙 𝒚) 𝟐𝒙𝒚)
(𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝒙 𝒚)

 if x%, y%, z% are successive discount, then

(𝒙𝒚 𝒚𝒛 𝒛𝒙) 𝒙𝒚𝒛
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
Click on me for Example

 If CP is same, Then

Click On me for Example

 If mp of two articles is same, then

Click On me for Example

 If profit percentage is equal, then

Means, If Cp will change then in Sp same changes will occur.

Click On me for Example

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 5. Average

14
For consecutive Natural Numbers:
𝒏(𝒏 𝟏)
 Sum of first n natural no. = 𝟐
𝒏(𝒏 𝟏)(𝟐𝒏 𝟏)
 Sum of Square of first n natural no. = 𝟔
𝒏(𝒏 𝟏) 𝟐
 Sum of cube of first n natural no. = 𝟐

For Consecutive Even Numbers:

 Sum of first n even no. = n(n+1)
𝟐𝒏(𝒏 𝟏(𝟐𝒏 𝟏)
 Sum of Square of first n even no. = 𝟑
 Sum of Cube of first n even no. = 2(n(n+1))2

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 For Consecutive Odd Numbers:

15
 Sum of first n even no. = n2
𝒏(𝟐𝒏 𝟏)(𝟐𝒏 𝟏)
 Sum of Square of first n even no. =
𝟑
 Sum of Cube of first n even no. = n2(2n2-1)

IMPORTANT POINTS:

 If in any series having common difference “d” and

Average “K”, “x” numbers are added in forward or
backward, then

 In series of even or odd having Avg. “k”, when we add

“x” no. in forward or backward, Then
New Avg. = k ± x

 In series of natural no. having Avg. “k”, when we add “x”

no. in forward or backward, Then
New Avg. = k ± x/2

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 6. Time, Speed and Distance

16
 km/hr to m/sec conversion:

𝟓
𝟏𝟖

 m/sec to km/hr conversion:

𝟏𝟖
𝟓

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 17
 Suppose a man covers a certain distance at x km/hr and an
equal distance at y km/hr in t hr. Then,
𝟐𝒙𝒚 𝟐𝒙𝒚
𝒙 𝒚 𝒙 𝒚

 Suppose a man covers a certain distance at x km/hr and an

equal distance at y km/h and difference between both times
is t hrs. Then,
𝟐𝒙𝒚
𝒙 𝒚

 Suppose A and B start with speed of S1 and S2 and meets at

point C after time t. After meeting at Point C, A takes t1 time
to reach at point B and B takes t2 time reach at point A. Then,

𝐒𝟏 𝐭𝟐
𝐒𝟐 𝐭𝟏

 If a vehicle speed without stoppage is F kmph and

including stoppage is S. Then, (F>S)
(𝑭 𝑺)
𝑭

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 If, t = original time

18
S1, S2 = Increase/decrease in speed
t1, t2 = Increase/decrease in time
S = Original speed
D = Distance;

𝑺 𝑺𝟏
𝑺𝟏

𝑺(𝑺±𝑺𝟏) 𝑺(𝑺±𝑺𝟐)
𝒕𝟏 𝒕𝟐

Meeting someone on Circular Track:

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RELATIVE SPEED:

19
CASE 1: Same direction and opposite direction

 Meet each other at any point on the track in opposite

𝑳
direction =
(𝑿+𝒀)
 Meet each other at any point on the track in same
𝑳
direction =
(𝑿−𝒀)
 Meet each other at exactly at the starting point in same
𝑳 𝑳
or opposite direction = 𝑳𝑪𝑴 , sec
𝒙 𝒚

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CASE 2: When three persons A, B and C are running around a

20
circular track of length L mts with speeds of x, y and z m/s in
the same direction,
Meet each other at any point on the track
𝑳 𝑳
= 𝑳𝑪𝑴 , sec
(𝒙 𝒚) (𝒚 𝒛)

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 7. Time and work, Pipe and Cistern

21
Efficiency × Time = Work

Formula and Tricks:

 If A can do a piece of work is x days and B can do a piece of

work in y days, then both of them working together will do
the same work in
𝒙𝒚
days
(𝒙 𝒚)

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 If A, B & C are working alone, can complete a work in x, y

22
and z days, respectively, then they will together complete
the work in
𝒙𝒚𝒛
days
(𝒙𝒚 𝒚𝒛 𝒛𝒙)

 If A & B working together, can finish a piece of work is x

days, B & C in y days, C & A in z days. Then, A + B + C
working together will finish the job in

𝟐𝒙𝒚𝒛
days
(𝒙𝒚 𝒚𝒛 𝒛𝒙)

 If A Working Alone takes “a” days more than A & B, and B

working Alone takes “b” days more than A & B.
Then, Number of days, taken by A & B working together to
finish a job in

√𝒂𝒃 days

 If M1 men can do W1 work in D1 days working H1 hours

per day and M2 men can do W2 work in D2 days working
H2 hours per day, then

𝑴1 × D1 × H1 𝑴𝟐 ×𝑫𝟐 ×𝑯𝟐
=
𝑾𝟏 𝑾𝟐

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 8. Mixture and Allegation, Ratio

23
and Partnership

MIXTURE: When two or more components are mixed together

then it is known as Mixture.

ALLIGATION: It enables us to find the ratio in which two or

more ingredients at the given price must be mixed to produce
a mixture of desired price.

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 24
 This rule of allegation can be applied to other topics
such as profit and loss, average, percentage, simple
interest/compound interest, ratio, and proportion.

 Allegation method is applied to a percentage value, ratio,

rate, prices, speed etc and it is not applicable for absolute
values. It means whenever percent, per hour, per kg, per
km etc, are being compared, we can use alligation.

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 Advance Math:

25
1: Number System
2: Algebra
3: Trigonometry
4: Geometry
5: Mensuration

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