Scribd
Upload
12K views2 pages

Coordinate Geometry: Length of Segment

This document provides an overview of key concepts in coordinate geometry, including: 1) How to find the length of a line segment, midpoint of a line segment, and gradient of a line. 2) The standard equations of a line and circle. 3) How to find the intersection points between a line and circle by substituting the line equation into the circle equation and using the quadratic formula.

Uploaded by

Strix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12K views2 pages

Coordinate Geometry: Length of Segment

This document provides an overview of key concepts in coordinate geometry, including: 1) How to find the length of a line segment, midpoint of a line segment, and gradient of a line. 2) The standard equations of a line and circle. 3) How to find the intersection points between a line and circle by substituting the line equation into the circle equation and using the quadratic formula.

Uploaded by

Strix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Coordinate geometry

Syllabus AS Pure Math

Length of segment
AB = (xB − xA )2 + (yB − yA )2

Midpoint
Midpoint of AB,M has equal distant to A and B

Find midpoint:

Gradient
Descibe how steep is the line

the larger the gradient, m the steeper the line

m < 0 ⟹ line going down, vice versa


m = 0 ⟹ line has 0 gradient, parallel to x-axis
m = ø ⟹ line has undefined gradient, perpendicular to x-axis

Find gradient:

m1 = m2 ⟺ line 1 and 2 parallel to each other


m1 .m2 = −1 ⟺ line 1 and 2 are perpendicular

Coordinate geometry 1
Equation of a line: y = mx + c OR y − y1 = m(x −
x1 )
c is y-intercept, when x = 0
y = c is equation when m = 0
x = b is equation when m is undefined

Equation of a circle: (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 = r2


Center of the circle (a, b)

r is the radius of the circle


Comple the squares to form equation of a circle: x2 + y2 + ax + by + c = 0

a b a b
[x2 + ax + ( )2 ] + [y2 + by + ( )2 ] = −c + ( )2 + ( )2
2 2 2 2
square root right side to get radius

a b
(x + )2 + (y + )2 = r 2
2 2

Intersection of line and circle


subsititude x or y from equation of the line into equation of circle

Expand and use quadratic formula to find value of x or y

Discriminant: b2 − 4ac
< 0 ⟺ no intersection
= 0 ⟺ 1 point of intersection
> 0 ⟺ 2 points of intersection

Coordinate geometry 2

You might also like