Master of Business

Administration
(M.B.A) - Hospital
Administration
(From Calendar Year 2021 onwards)

தமிழ்நாடு திறந்தநிலைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்

Tamil Nadu Open University
[A State Open University established by Government of TamilNadu, Recognized by UGC-DEB,
Member in Asian Association of Open Universities and Association of Commonwealth Universities]

School of Management Studies

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 1

2 M.B.A - Hospital Administration
 தமிழ்நாடு திறந்தநிலைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்
Tamil Nadu Open University, Chennai
சென்னை – 15

மேலாண்மையியல் புலம்
School of Management Studies

முதுகலை வணிக நிர்வாகம் – மருத்துவமனை நிர்வாகம்

Master of Business Administration
(M.B.A) - Hospital Administration
( From Calendar Year 2021 onwards)

பாடத்திட்ட அறிக்கை & விரிவான பாடத்திட்டம்

Programme Project Report (PPR) & Detailed Syllabus

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 3

by Tamil Nadu Open University. Except where otherwise noted,
M.B.A (Hospital Administration) PPR-Detailed Syllabus
is made available under a Creative Commons
Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 Licence (international):
http://creativecommons.org/licences/bysa/4.0.

SEPTEMBER 2020

4 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 Tamil Nadu Open University
[A State Open University established by Government of Tamil Nadu, Recognized by UGC-DEB,
Member in Asian Association of Open Universities and Association of Commonwealth Universities]
No- 577, Anna Salai, Saidapet, Chennai -600015, Tamil Nadu, India

Prof. K.Parthasarathy
Vice-Chancellor
FOREWORD
My dear Learners, Vanakkam,
I deem it a great privilege to extend a hearty welcome to you to the Post Graduate Programme being
offered by the Tamil Nadu Open University (TNOU). I also appreciate your keen interest of know about the
curriculum of the Programme, in which you shall gain an enthralling experience, and pleasurable and
beneficial learning.
With passing a specific act in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly (TNLA) in 2002, the TNOU came into
existence as a State Open University (SOU). It has been offering the socially relevant academic
Programmes in diverse disciplines with due approval of the University Grants Commission (UGC) and the
Distance Education Bureau (DEB), New Delhi since its inception. This Post Graduate Programme is one among
the approved Programmes.
The Board of Studies, a statutory academic body of the University, consisting of the versatile scholars,
eminent teachers including both internal and external, well acclaimed industrialists, outstanding alumni, and
prospective learners as members, has designed the robust curriculum of this Programme. The curriculum is
overhauled to be more suitable to the socio-economic and scientific needs in the modern era based on the
emerging trends in the discipline of State and National as well as International level and accordingly,
modified to our local context. Moreover, the whole syllabi of this Programme have special focuses on
promoting the learners to the modern learning environment.
With a Credit System / Choice Based Credit System ( CBCS), this Programme is offered in semester /
non-semester pattern. The Self-Learning Materials that are the mainstay of pedagogy in the Open and
Distance Learning (ODL) have been developed incorporating both the traditional and the modern learning
tools, like web-resources, multi-media contents, text books and reference books with a view to providing
ample opportunities for sharpening your knowledge in the discipline.
At this juncture, I wish to place on record my deepest appreciations and congratulations to the Chairperson
and the Members of the Board of Studies concerned for having framed the curriculum of high standard.
I would also like to acknowledge the Director, the Programme Coordinator and the members of staff of the
respective School of Studies for their irrevocable contributions towards designing the curriculum of this
Programme.
Last but not least, I register my profuse appreciation to Prof. S. Balasubramanian, the Director (i/c),
Curriculum Development Centre (CDC), TNOU, who have compiled this comprehensive Programme Project
Report (PPR) that includes the regulations and syllabi of the Programme, and also facilitated the designing
in the form of e-book as well as printed book.
I am immensely hopeful that your learning at TNOU shall be stupendous, gratifying, and prosperous. Wish
you all success in your future endeavours!

With regards,

Date: 05.10.2020 (K.PARTHASARATHY)

[email protected] | [email protected] 044 24306633 | 24306634 9360991143

91- 44 - 24356767 www.tnou.ac.in

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 5
 MEMBERS OF
BOARD OF Dr.K.Maran
STUDIES Director
Sai Ram Institute of Management
Sai Ram Engineering College
West Tambaram, Chennai 600 044.
Chairperson E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.S.Subramanian
Professor and Director Industrial Experts
School of Management Studies Dr.M.Ramakrishnan
Tamil Nadu Open University Senior Vice-President
Chennai 600015. Loyal Textiles Mills Ltd.,
E-mail :[email protected] Raja Annamalaipuram, Chennai 600 028.
E-mail:[email protected]
Faculty Members
Dr.R.Tamilmaran Dr.H.Narayanamoorthi
Associate Professor Vice-President
School of Management Studies Jhonson Lifts Ltd.,
Tamil Nadu Open University Anna Nagar West
Chennai 600015. Chennai 600040.
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected]

Dr.N.Saranya Devi Alumnus

Assistant Professor Dr.P.M.Saravanan
School of Management Studies Addl. Commissioner of Labour (Adminis-
Tamil Nadu Open University tration)
Chennai 600015. DMS Complex
E-mail:[email protected] Tynampet
Chennai 600 018.
Subject Experts E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.S.N.Geetha
Professor and Director Dr.S.Vimala
Centre for Distance Education Assistant Professor
Anna University, Chennai 600 025. Quide - Milleth College for Women
E-mail:[email protected] Anna Salai, Chennai 600002.
E-mail:[email protected]
Dr.R.Kasilingam  
Professor Students on Roll
Department of Management Studies Lenin R S
Pondicherry University, Kalapet Janani Homes, New no.168, old no.49
Pondicherry 605014. Vanniarstreet, Choolaimedu
E-mail:[email protected] Chennai Chennai – 600094.
600002. E-mail:[email protected]

Dr. J. Khaja Sheriff Raman M

Professor and Head Tamilnadu Mercantile Bank Ltd.
Department of Management Studies 33, Siva Shanmugamst.,Ground floor
University of Madras West Tambaram
Chennai 600 005. Chennai – 600045
E-mail:[email protected] E-mail: [email protected]

6 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 Master of Business Administration
(M.B.A) - Hospital Administration
(Distance Mode –Semester)
Programme Project Report (PPR)
(From Calendar Year 2021 onwards)

Programme’s Mission and Objectives

This Programme is aimed at preparing professionals to meet the challenges of the

changing healthcare services industry in India. The Programme is designed to provide
a unique, field relevant combination of strong functional skills and the ability to apply,
adapt and integrate those skills in healthcare sector. The main objective of this pro-
gramme is to promote professional management practices that are essential for ef-
fective and sustainable healthcare administration that would guarantee financial sus-
tainability, optimum utilization of limited resources, conducive work environment and
employee relations, rapid advancement in medical technology, elimination of unhealthy
competition, awareness creation and a strategic approach towards healthcare ser-
vices industry.

Relevance of the Programme with HEI’s Mission and Goals

Healthcare is one of the fastest growing sectors in India. There are abundant career
opportunities in this sector. There is a need for a proper trained pool of hospital admin-
istrators who can monitor and administer who is design and deliver quality health ser-
vices. Students would develop knowledge in the areas such as organizational strategy
and change, process improvement, inter-disciplinary team management, integrated
hospital information systems and health insurance.

Nature of prospective target group of Learners

M.B.A (Hospital Administration) at Tamil Nadu Open University designed to impart man-
agement competencies in the Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Allied Health Sciences,
Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy Management, Hospital and Health Administra-
tion. The candidates holding the degree aspiring for seeking employment in healthcare
and allied sector shall pursue this programme.

Appropriateness of Programme to be conducted in ODL mode to acquire specific

skills and competence

Masters Degree Programme in Hospital Administration has lot of scope inthe health
care service sector. As outcome of the Programme students may gain knowledge
about the Hospital Administration aims at preparing young and bright graduates for

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 7

challenging careers in health care organizations like corporate hospitals, health in-
surance companies, NGOs, health care information technology, medical transcription -
BPOs and public health organizations. This degree will equip students with broad skills
and knowledge in business, accounting, finance, marketing, operations, management,
and leadership.

Instructional Design

The Curriculum and the Syllabus for MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme has
designed covering all the aspects of Management Concepts and Hospital Administration
Management. The duration of the Programme is two Years and the medium of instruction
is English.

The MBA (Hospital Administration)) Programmeis offered through the Learner Support
Centres established by TNOU in the affiliated Arts and Science College, where the same
Programme is offered through Conventional Mode.

The Faculty Members available at School of Management Studies of Tamil Nadu Open
University and the faculties approved as Academic Counselors of TNOU at Learner
Support Centres will be used for delivering the MBA (Hospital Administration)
Programme.

The credits systems suggested as per UGC-ODL Regulations-2020 have been assigned
to MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme. The total number of credit assigned for
the Programme is 72. The Self Learning Materials in the form of print, e-content and
audio/video materials wherever required has also been developed for the Programme.

Procedure for Admissions, Curriculum Transaction and Evaluation

The eligibility for Admission to the MBA (Hospital Administration) Programmeis A degree
in Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Allied Health Sciences, Physiotherapy, Occupational
Therapy Management, Hospital and Health Administration and Computer Sciences
(OR) Arts and Sciences with Additional qualifications (e.g. health and / or computer
background and / or hospital experience (OR) Post Graduate Diploma in Health /
Hospital Administration.. The Programme Fee is Rs.50000/- for two years, plus
Registration and other Charges. The admissions are carried out by Tamil Nadu Open
University and through its Regional Centres located within the State of Tamil Nadu. The
Theory Counselling and the Practical Counselling (if any) will be conducted through
the Learners Support Centres of Tamil Nadu Open University. The evaluation will be
carried by Tamil Nadu Open University consists of Continuous Internal Assessment
through Spot Assignment and External Assessment through Term End Examination.

8 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

Financial Assistance

Scholarship for SC/ST category is available as per the norms of the State Government
of Tamil Nadu. Complete Admission fee waiver for the Physically Challenged/ Differently
abled persons.

Policy of Programme Delivery

The Academic Calendar for the Programme will be available for the learners to track
down the chronological events/ happenings. The Counselling schedule will be uploaded
in the TNOU website and the same will be intimated to the students through SMS.

Evaluation System

Examination to MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme is designed to maintain

quality and standard. Theory Examination will be conducted by the University in the
identified Examination Centres. For the Assignment students may be permitted to
write with the help of books/materials for each Course, which will be evaluated by the
Evaluators appointed by the University.

Assignment: 30 Marks – Through Continuous Internal Assessment (CIA)

Theory Examination

Students shall normally be allowed to appear for theory examination after completing
the Assignments. The Term -End Examination shall Carry 70 Marks and the Question
Paper has two Sections: A & B for the duration of 3 hours.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 9

 QUESTION PAPER PATTERN

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 70

PART – A (5x5=25 Marks)

Answer any five questions out of eight questions in 300 words

All questions carry equal marks

Question Distribution Method:

1. From Block –I

2. From Block –II

3. From Block –III

4. From Block – IV

5. From Block – V

6. From any Block

7. From any Block

8. From any Block

PART – B (3X15=45 marks)

Answer any three questions out of five questions in 1000 words

All questions carry equal marks

9. From Block -I

10. From Block -II

11. From Block – III

12. From Block –IV

13. From Block -V

10 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

Passing Miimum:

Candidates who have secured 50 percent of the marks in each course (both Continu-
ous Internal Assessment and Term End Examinations) shall be declared to have passed
the examination in that course. All other candidates shall be declared to have failed in
that course.

Classification of Successful Candidate

Candidates who pass all the Courses and who secure 60 per cent and above in the
aggregate of marks will be placed in the First Class. Those securing 50 per cent and
above but below 60 per cent in the aggregate will be placed in the Second Class.

Requirement of laboratory and Library Resources

The Programme will be offered through the LearnerSupport Centre (LSC) maintained
by Tamil Nadu Open University. The LSC has the required infrastructural facilities to
conduct the Counselling for the students who wish to clear their doubts. There is no lab
component in MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme.

A well equipped Library is available in the University Headquarters and the Regional
Centres with required books and research journals. The Learners Support Centre
through which the Degree Programme is to be offered is also equipped with a full-fledged
library having books and journals related Management and Hospital Administration
Discipline.

Cost Estimate of the Programme and the Provisions

The cost estimate for development, delivery and maintenance of the MBA (Hospital
Administration) Programme is provided in the following Table.

Amount in
S.No. Details
(Rs.)
Programme Development, Delivery and Maintenance
1. 40,28,138
(Expenditure)

2. Programme Fee Charged for 2 Years (Income) 50,000

3. Examination Fee Charged for 2 Years (Income) 4,425

Examination Expenses Per Student for 2 Years

4. 1,000
(Expenditure)

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 11

Quality Assurance Mechanism and expected Programme Outcome

The Quality of the MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme ismaintained by adopting

the curriculum suggested by the UGC and AICTE. As per UGC guidelines the Core
courses, Elective courses, Subject specific elective courses, Skill enhancement courses
are included in the Programme. The Curriculum of MBA (Hospital Administration)
Programme was approved by the Board of Studies held on 19.06.2020. As a part of
Quality assurance the curriculum for the Programme will be updated once in three
years. Necessary steps will be taken to obtain feedback from the students and the
Academic Counsellors who are part of the Programme for effective delivery of the
Programme.

The curriculum is developed for 18 courses along with 3 field work training and one
project. The curriculum of MBA in Hospital Administration has been designed with a
help of academia and expert in Healthcare Sector and approved by the Board of Studies
which includes subject experts from various Universities, Colleges and Healthcare
Industries. To ensure the quality of the programme curriculum will be updated once
in a three year for incorporating new requirements the subject demands. The well
equipped system is evolved to obtain feedback from the learners and the academic
counsellors who are the main stake holders of the M.B.A in Hospital Administration
programme for appraising the effective delivery of course content of the programme.
The Health and Family Welfare Department, Government of Tamil Nadu has vetted the
curriculum and course materials by appointing expert committee is consider to be a
special feature of this Programme.

After completion of the MBA (Hospital Administration) Programme the Learners

will acquire knowledge in Management Concepts and Hospital Management will be
increased and this will in-turn help them to get employment or enabling entrepreneurial
skill in the field Hospital Administration, Business Organization and Government.

12 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 Master of Business Administration (M.B.A) - Hospital Administration
(Distance Mode –Semester)
(From Calendar Year 2021 onwards)

Marks Pass-
Sl. Title of the Exam Distribution Max. ing
Code Credits
No Courses hrs Marks Mini-
CIA TEE mum
FIRST YEAR

Semester I

Introduction to Health
1 MSH 10 3 3 30 70 100 50
Systems

Health Care & Hospital

2 MSH 11 3 3 30 70 100 50
Administration

Health Programme Man-

3 MSH 12 3 3 30 70 100 50
agement

Human Anatomy, Physiolo-

4 MSH 13 gy and Medical 3 3 30 70 100 50
Terminology

5 MSH 14 Health Economics 3 3 30 70 100 50

Hospital Work I: Visits to

6 MSF 11 3 3 100 -- 100 50
HealthcareOrganisations

TOTAL 18 250 350 600

Semester II

Strategic Management in
7 MSH 15 3 3 30 70 100 50
Health Care

Human Resource Manage-

8 MSH 16 3 3 30 70 100 50
ment

Health Care Marketing &

9 MSH 17 3 3 30 70 100 50
Public Relations

Hospital Accounting &

10 MSH 18 3 3 30 70 100 50
Finance

Hospital Materials Man-

11 MSH 19 3 3 30 70 100 50
agement

Hospital Work II: Practical

Training in
12 MSF 12 3 3 100 - 100 50
Operational Management
Functions

TOTAL 18 250 350 600

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 13

 SECOND YEAR

Semester III

Patient Care Planning and

13 MSH 20 4 3 30 70 100 50
Management

Supportive Services and

14 MSH 21 Facilities 4 3 30 70 100 50
Management

Health Systems Research &

15 MSH 22 Research 3 3 30 70 100 50
Methodology

Health Communication
16 MSH 23 Planning and 3 3 30 70 100 50
Management

Hospital Work III: Practical

Training in Patient Care
17 MSF 21 3 3 100 -- 100 50
and Supportive Services
Management

TOTAL 17 220 280 500

Semester IV

18 MSH 24 Health Insurance 3 3 30 70 100 50

Legal & Ethical Issues in

19 MSH 25 4 3 30 70 100 50
Healthcare

Managing Quality in Health-

20 MSH 26 3 3 30 70 100 50
care

MIS & Application of IT in

21 MSH 27 3 3 30 70 100 50
Healthcare

Project – Presentation &

22 MSF 22 6 50 150 200 50
Review

TOTAL 19 170 430 600

GRAND TOTAL 72 890 1410 2300

14 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Introduction to Health Systems

Course Code MSH 10
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To achieve a basic understanding of the major components of the current and

potential healthcare.
• To state family planning by understanding population policy and national demo-
graphic goals.
• To describe Epidemiologic Methods and its uses.
• To promote Community health by diagnosis and treatment.

Course Outcome :

• Realize the demographic trends in India

• Describe the importance of family planning
• Control and prevent Epidemiology
• Differentiate among communicable and non-communicable diseases
• Aware of national and International Health
BLOCK I: Demography

1.1 Demographic Cycle

1.2 World Population Trend
1.3 Demographic Trends in India: Growth rate, Age Pyramid, Sex Ratio, Population
Density, Family size, Urbanization, Literacy, and Life Expectancy

BLOCK II: Family Planning

2.1 Fertility and Fertility Related Statistics

2.2 Family Planning
2.3 Population Policy
2.4 National Demographic Goals
M.B.A - Hospital Administration 15
 BLOCK III: Epidemiology

3.1 Concept of Disease

3.2 Epidemiological Triad
3.3 Concepts of Control and Prevention
3.4 Principles of Epidemiology: Components, Measurements, Prevalence
and Incidence
3.5 Epidemiologic Methods: Descriptive, Analytical and Experimental Studies
3.6 Uses of Epidemiology

BLOCK IV: Community Health

4.1 Community Diagnosis and Treatment

4.2 Communicable and Non-communicable Diseases

BLOCK V: National and International Health

5.1 National Health Programmes in India

5.2 International Health: WHO and Other United Nations Agencies

References:

1. Park, K. (2015).  Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, Bhanot

Publishers, 23rd edition.

2. Green, A. (2014).  An Introduction to Health Planning for Developing Health

Systems. Oxford: OUP Oxford.

3. Brewis, F. (1975).  Bibliography on health planning in developing countries.

Brighton: University of Sussex, Institute of Development Studies, Library.

4. Gentry, J. T. (1978).  Introduction to health services and community health

systems: A primer for health workers, health planners, and board members.
Berkeley, Calif: McCutchan Pub. Corp.

16 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Health Care & Hospital Administration

Course Code MSH 11
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To have an idea about management concepts, theories, functions and process

• To describe the roles and levels of Hospital Management
• To understand current issues in healthcare including Disaster Management
• and Hospital Wastes Management

Course Outcome :

• Determine the various roles in health care management

• Describe the various management functions
• Identify the various types of hospitals
• Classify and structuring hospital organization
• Explain the current issues in Health care

BLOCK I: Management Concepts and Theories

1.1 Management and Organizations

1.2 Management Role
1.3 Levels of Managers and Management Skills
1.4 Classical School
1.5 Behaviour School
1.6 Management Science School

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 17

 BLOCK II: Management Functions and Process

2.1 Planning
2.2 Organizing
2.3 Staffing
2.4 Directing
2.5 Controlling

BLOCK III: Services, Health and Hospitals

3.1 Services, Classification of Service Organizations, Characteristics, Challenges

3.2 History of Medicine, Healthcare Revolution, Health, Dimensions of Health,
Indicators of Health
3.3 Types of Healthcare Organizations, Composition of Health Sector, Types of Care,
Pyramidal Structure of Health Services, Hospitals, Types of Hospitals and Role
of Hospital in Healthcare, Complexity of Hospital Organization

BLOCK IV: Hospital Management: Levels and Roles

4.1 Governing Board, Executive Board and Advisory Board

4.2 CEO, Medical Administration, Nursing Administration and Hospital
Administration
4.3 Middle Level Mangers in Hospital and their Responsibilities
4.4 Structuring Hospital Organization

BLOCK V: Current Issues in Healthcare

5.1 Accreditation
5.2 Telehealth
5.3 Health Tourism
5.4 Health Insurance and Managed Care
5.5 Disaster Management
5.6 Hospital Wastes Management

18 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

References:

1. Robbins, S., Coulter, M., DeCenzo, D., & Woods, M. (2018).  Management.
Melbourne: P. Ed Australia.

2. Gupta, M. C., &Mahajan, B. K. (2003). Textbook of preventive and social medicine.

New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

3. Wheeler, N., & Grice, D. (2000). Management in health care. Cheltenham, Glos:

Stanley Thornes.

4. Sakharkar, B. M., &Jaypee Brothers (Jaypeedigital). (2009). Principles of Hospital

Administration & Planning. (Jaypee eBooks.) Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher
(P) Ltd.

5. Srinivasan, S. (1982). Management process in health care. New Delhi: Voluntary

Health Association of India.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 19

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Health Programme Management

Course Code MSH 12
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To develop a project plan by understanding the cause and effect

• To describe operations research
• To familiarize in main Activities, Regular Monitoring, Regular Reviewing
Progress, Re-plan, Recordkeeping and Reporting

Course Outcome :

• Link vision, mission and strategic plans to project

• Demonstrate the key stages, elements, phases and project life cycle
• Effectively implement project plan
• Describe the various planning tools and techniques in project evaluation
• Discuss health care results

BLOCK I: Fundamentals

1.1 Programme, Project, Tasks, Subtasks, Sub-subtasks

1.2 Linking Vision, Mission and Strategic Plans to Project
1.3 Pre-project Phases: Needs Analysis
1.4 Characteristics of Project
1.5 Advantage of Project Framework for Healthcare Programmes
1.6 Key Stages, Elements, Phases and Project Life Cycle

20 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 BLOCK II: Project Planning

2.1 Problem Analysis: Cause and Effect

2.2 Process of Developing Objectives
2.3 Planning Cycle
2.4 Forecasting: Time Series, Correlation, Regression and Delphi Technique
2.5 Project Implementation Plan
2.6 Project Sustainability
2.7 Proposal Writing
2.8 Resources Budgeting, Mobilisation and Utilisation

BLOCK III: Planning Tools and Techniques

3.1 Introduction to Operations Research

3.2 Estimating
3.3 Contingency
3.4 Milestones
3.5 Gantt Chart
3.6 Programme Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
3.7 Critical Path Method (CPM)
3.8 Linear Programming
3.9 Transportation Model, Assignment Models, Queuing Models: Single Channel and
Multi Channel Queuing Models
3.10 Simulation: Deterministic Simulation Models and Probabilistic Simulation
Models
3.11 Dynamic Programming

BLOCK IV: Project Manager, Execution and Implementation

4.1 Role of Project Manager and Skills Inventory

4.2 Managing Time
4.3 Managing Risk
4.4 Factors that Lead to Successful Projects
4.5 Project Tracking
4.6 Job Description, Staffing Pattern and Training Plan
4.7 Main Activities: Regular Monitoring, Regular Reviewing Progress, Re-plan
4.8 Recordkeeping and Reporting
4.9 Online Project Management

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 21

 BLOCK V: Results

5.1 Health Care Results

5.2 Patient and other Customer Focused Results
5.3 Financial and Market Results
5.4 Staff and Work System Results
5.5 Organizational Effectiveness Results
5.6 Feedback and evaluation

References:

1. Deeprose, D. (2002). Project management. Oxford, U.K: Capstone Pub.

2. Kerzner, H. (2003).  Project management workbook to accompany Project

management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. New
Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

3. Hillier, F. S., Lieberman, G. J., Nag, B., &Basu, P. (2017). Introduction to operations

research. Chennai, India: McGraw-Hill Education India.

22 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Human Anatomy, Physiology and Medical Terminology

Course Code MSH 11
Course Credit 3

Course Objective

• To describe human anatomy and physiology

• To analyse illness and its causes
• To be aware of infection control

Course Outcome :

• Understand the functioning of human anatomy and physiology

• Familiarize with the reasons for using medical terms
• Classify and understand diseases
• Deliver infection control measures
• Understand the abbreviations

BLOCK I: Human Anatomy and Physiology

1.1 Digestive System

1.2 Respiratory System
1.3 Circulatory System
1.4 Central Nervous System
1.5 Muscular Skeletal System
1.6 Reproductive System
1.7 Excretory System
1.8 Endocrine Glands
1.9 Special Senses

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 23

 BLOCK II: Medical Terminology

2.1 Reasons for using medical terms

2.2 Glossary of medical terms: major diseases and medical specialities

BLOCK III: Roots, Prefixes, Suffixes, Abbreviations and Symbols

3.1 Common roots: element referring to, usage and definition

3.2 Common prefixes and suffixes
3.3 Common abbreviations: departments, time, general healthcare, routes
ofmedication, and laboratory
3.4 Symbols

BLOCK IV: Illness

4.1 Defining Illness: Direct and indirect causes

4.2 Classification and description of disease

BLOCK V: Infection Control

5.1 Medical asepsis, Nosocomial infection and communicable diseases

5.2 Reservoir, carrier and mode of transmission
5.3 Infection control measures
5.4 Sterilisation and aseptic techniques
5.5 Infection control committee: purpose, composition and terms of reference

References:

1. Grant, J. C. B. J. C. B., Grant, J. C. B., Slonecker, C. E., &Basmajian, J. V. (1999). Grant’s

method of anatomy. Baltimore.

2. Ganong, W. F., Barrett, K. E., Barman, S. M., Boitano, S., & Brooks, H. L. (2015). Review
of medical physiology. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.

3. Stedman, T. L. (2000).  Stedman’s medical dictionary, illustrated. Baltimore:

Williams & Wilkins.

4. Park, K. (2015).  Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, Bhanot

Publishers, 23rd edition.

24 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Health Economics

Course Code MSPS 14
Course Credit 3

Course Objective

• To describe economic appraisal in healthcare and measurement of costs and

benefits.
• To synthesize concepts of costs and economic evaluation.
• To analyze case studies.
• To understand decision rules in health economics and discounting.

Course Outcome :

• Conduct economic appraisal in the context of clinical decision making

• Calculate the issues to be considered in costs calculation
• Demonstrate the steps of economic analysis
• Explain the social rate of discount

BLOCK I: Economic Appraisal in Healthcare

1.1 Economic appraisal

1.2 Marginal Analysis
1.3 Statement of alternatives
1.4 Combining costs and benefits in the appraisal
1.5 Economic appraisal in the context of clinical decision making

BLOCK II: Measurement of costs and benefits

2.1 The measurement of costs and benefits

2.2 The explicit valuation of costs and benefits
2.3 Allowance for the differential timing of costs and benefits

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 25

2.4 Allowance for the risk and uncertainty in costs and benefits
2.5 Social cost benefit analysis

BLOCK III: Concepts of Costs and Economic Evaluation

3.1 Financial Costs Vs Economic Costs (Opportunity costs)

3.2 Direct, Indirect, Average, Marginal, Total and Unit Costs
3.3 Component of Costs: Fixed and Variable; Capital and Recurrent Costs
3.4 Issues to be considered in costs calculation
3.5 Cost-minimization Analysis (CMA)
3.6 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA)
3.7 Health Outcomes; Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY), C/E Ratio,
Sensitivity Analysis, C/B Ratio.
3.8 Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA) : Utility, value, preference
3.9 Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY), Healthy Years Equivalent (HYE), C/U Ratio

BLOCK IV: Case Studies

4.1 Cost of Elective Surgery

4.2 Cost of Chronic Renal Failure
4.3 Cost related to Screening (with special reference to cancer control)
4.4 Cost pertaining to care of the elderly

BLOCK V: Decision rules in Health Economics and Discounting

5.1 Prediction Cash flows, NPV, IRR, Cost recovery

5.2 Meaning, Importance and Basis of Economic Evaluation;
5.3 Analytical Techniques
5.4 Steps of Economic Analysis: Identification, Measurement and Valuation ofcosts
and consequences
5.5 The social rate of discount - A worked example

References:

1. Folland, S. T., Goodman, A. C., &Stano, M. (2017). The economics of health and

health care.

2. Drummond, M. (2017).  Methods for the economic evaluation of health care

programmes.

3. Mills, A., & Gilson, L. (1996). Health economics for developing countries: A survival
kit. London: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

4. Santerre, R. E., Neun, S. P., &Santerre, R. E. (2013). Health economics: Theory,

insights, and industry studies. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.

26 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - I

Course Title Hospital Work I: Visits to Healthcare Organisations

Course Code MSPS 14
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

The course will help to understand the functioning of different types of healthcareor-
ganisations in the following perspective:

• Regional Healthcare Planning

• Ownership and Mode of financing
• Role of Hospital Administrator
• Staffing
• Physical Facilities
• Managing Health Programmes

Course Outcome :

• Practically see the various departments and the role of hospital administrators
• Gain knowledge on the various treatment for patients
• Explore the mobility of resources in the health care organisations

1. Field Visits (4 hours to 8 hours observation per visit)

1.1 Sub Centre / Health Post / Dispensary

1.2 Rural Health Centre
1.3 Primary Health Centre
1.4 Taluk / Peripheral Hospital
1.5 District General Hospital
1.6 Large General Hospital
1.7 Single Specialty Hospital

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 27

1.8 Teaching Hospital
1.9 Government Regional Hospital (Referral Centre)
1.10 Nursing Home
1.11 Voluntary / Charitable Hospital
1.12 Corporate Hospital
1.13 Community Health Projects: Preventive, Curative and Rehabilitative Care
1.14 Health NGO

At the completion of each field visit the students are required to submit a
detail individual report exhibiting their observations in prescribed format.

28 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Strategic Management in Healthcare

Course Code MSH 15
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To describe the strategic management process by understanding the functional

strategies
• To analyse the internal and external environment and form effective strategies
• To apply strategic management in national and international level

Course Outcome :

• Acquire knowledge on dimensions of strategic management

• Conduct external and internal environmental analysis
• Conduct situational analysis on adaptive strategies, market entry strategies,
positioning strategies and operational

BLOCK I: Introduction

1.1 Critical Areas

1.2 Dimensions
1.3 Levels of Strategy
1.4 Characteristics of Strategic Decision
1.5 Benefits

BLOCK II: Strategic Management Process

2.1 Mission for an Organisation

2.2 Organisational Profile
2.3 External Environment
2.4 Strategic Analysis and Choice

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 29

2.5 Long term Objectives
2.6 Grand Strategy
2.7 Annual Objectives
2.8 Functional Strategies
2.9 Policies
2.10 Institutionalising the Strategy
2.11 Evaluation and Control

BLOCK III: Situational Analysis

3.1 Need
3.2 Environmental Issues, Vision, Mission, Objectives, Values, Directional
Strategies, Adaptive Strategies, Market Entry Strategies, Positioning Strategies
and OperationalStrategies
3.3 External Environment Analysis
3.3.1 Need
3.3.2 Goals
3.3.3 Limitations
3.3.4 Description
3.3.5 General Environment, Healthcare Environment and Information
3.3.6 Process: Scan, Monitor, Forecast and Assess
3.3.7 Tools and Techniques
3.3.8 Responsibility: 3 Administrative Models
3.4 Internal Environment Analysis
3.4.1 Objectives
3.4.2 Culture, Management Subsystem and Information Subsystem
3.4.3 Audit Checklist of Strengths and Weaknesses

BLOCK IV: Strategy Formulation

4.1 Developing Strategic Alternatives

4.2 Evaluation of Alternatives and Strategic Choice

BLOCK V: Application in National and International Level

5.1 Strategic Management Practices in National Health Care Programs

5.1.1 Strategies adopted in Long Term Health Policy with special reference to
Women and Child Health, AIDS Control, Tuberculosis Control, Leprosy
Control,Malaria Eradication, and Water Supply and Sanitation
5.1.2 Strategic Planning in Family Planning and Welfare Programme

30 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

5.2 Strategic Management Practices in International Healthcare
5.2.1 Strategies adopted by International Agencies: WHO, World Bank
5.2.2 Strategic Approach in Health Programs of few Developed Countries and /
or Neighbouring Countries.

References:

1. Ginter, P. M., Duncan, W. J., & Swayne, L. E. (2018).  Strategic management of

health care organizations.

2. Park, K. (2015).  Park’s textbook of preventive and social medicine, Bhanot

Publishers, 23rd edition.

3. Pearce, J. A., & Robinson, R. B. (2013).  Strategic management: Formulation,

implementation, and control. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

4. Kropf, R., & Greenberg, J. A. (1984). Strategic analysis for hospital management.

Rockville, Md: An Aspen Pub.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 31

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Introduction to Health Systems

Course Code MSH 16
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To develop basic knowledge in HRM and its functions.

• To describe Training and development and compensation management.
• To understand performance management and emerging concepts of HRM

Course Outcome :

• Distinguish and understand relationship between HRM and HRD

• Assess training needs
• Describe the various pay and incentive system
• Explain the various performance indicators of individuals and groups
• Elucidate organization change and culture

BLOCK I: Basics of HRM and Sourcing

1.1 Introduction and Relationship between HRM and HRD

1.2 Objectives of HRM
1.3 HR Planning: Short term and Long term
1.4 Productivity Analysis in Healthcare
1.5 HR Policy and Procedure
1.6 Recruitment
1.7 Selection
1.8 Placement
1.9 Induction / Orientation

32 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 BLOCK II: Training and Development

2.1 Staff Training and Development

2.2 Trends
2.3 Structural Issues of Delivery of Training
2.4 Assessing Training Needs
2.5 Evaluating Training Program
2.6 Career Growth and Development
2.7 Management Development
2.8 Organizational Development

BLOCK III: Compensation Management

3.1 Pay and Incentive System

3.2 Rationale Wage and Salary Policy
3.3 Wages and Salary Administration

BLOCK IV: Performances Management and Human Resources Information

4.1 Conceptual Model of Performances Management and Application of

Basic Modes
4.2 Process, Need, Purpose and Content
4.3 Performance Indicators: Individual and Organization
4.4 360 Degree Feedback
4.5 Information and Records
4.6 Periodic Reports on Manpower, Turnover and Compensation
4.7 Information on Planned Changes, Performance, Turnover, Absenteeism and
Labour Market

BLOCK V: Eme rging Concepts in HRM

5.1 Leadership and Learning Organization

5.2 Organization Culture and Change
5.3 Code of Conduct
5.4 Relationship
5.5 Values and Work Ethics
5.6 Staff Communication
5.7 Succession Planning
5.8 Health Issues and Repatriation
5.9 Occupational Hazards: Health and Safety
5.10 Welfare Programmes and Counselling

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 33

References:

1. DeCenzo, D. A., & Robbins, S. P. (2007). Human resource management: Concepts

and practices. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.

2. Goyal, R. C. (1994).  Handbook of hospital personnel management. New Delhi:

Prentice-Hall of India.

3. Omachonu, V. K. (1999).  Healthcare performance improvement. Norcross,

Ga: Engineering & Management Press.

34 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Healthcare Marketing and Public Relations

Course Code MSH 17
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To apply marketing in health care

• To describe marketing mix and utilize the strategy
• To explain public relations in healthcare

Course Outcome :

• Describe the challenges in practicing marketing in healthcare industry

• Measure current market demand
• Determine the nature of customer buying process
• Adopt optimal pricing strategy
• Prepare community opinion surveys to assess the image of an organization
BLOCK I: Application of Marketing in Healthcare

1.1 Marketing Concept

1.2 Importance of Marketing to Healthcare Organizations
1.3 Challenges in Practicing Marketing in Healthcare Industry
1.4 Marketing Intelligence, Information and Research System
1.5 Marketing Organisation: Chart, Fulltime Staff and Hiring Consultants

BLOCK II: Market (Individual and Organizational) Analysis

2.1 Market Measurement and Forecasting

2.1.1 Defining Market
2.1.2 Measuring Current Market Demand
2.1.3 Forecasting Demand

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 35

2.2 Market Segmentation and Targeting
2.2.1 Steps in Segmentation and Targeting
2.2.2 Target Marketing
2.3 Consumer Analysis
2.3.1 Consumer Buying Process
2.3.2 Organization Buyer Behaviour
2.3.3 Consumer Adoption Process

BLOCK III: Marketing Mix Decisions

3.1 Product (Service) Decisions

3.1.1 Nature and Characteristics of Services
3.1.2 Marketing Approaches to New Services Development
3.1.3 Service Mix Decision
3.1.4 Service Item Decision
3.1.5 Service Life Cycle Decision
3.1.6 Demand Generation
3.2 Pricing Decisions
3.2.1 Pricing Objectives in Healthcare
3.2.2 Pricing Strategy
3.2.3 Present and Future Situation
3.3 Place Decisions
3.3.1 Major Distribution Decisions
3.3.2 Strengthening Referral Systems
3.4 Promotion Decisions
3.4.1 Sales Force in Healthcare Organizations
3.4.2 Advertising in Healthcare Industry
3.4.3 Sales Promotion Practices in Healthcare Organizations
3.4.4 Publicity Practices
3.5 Marketing Strategies
3.5.1 Service Portfolio Strategy
3.5.2 Market Expansion Strategy
3.5.3 Target Market Strategy
3.5.4 Price Quality Strategy
3.5.5 Competitive Positioning Strategy
3.5.6 Marketing Mix Strategy

36 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 BLOCK IV. Social Marketing

4.1 Steps in Social Marketing

4.2 Cognitive, Action, Behaviour and Value Changes

BLOCK V. Public Relations

5.1 Introduction to Public Relations

5.1.1 Meaning of Public Relations
5.1.2 Classification of Public from Healthcare Marketing Perspective
5.1.3 Evolution of Public Relations
5.2 Public Relations Process
5.2.1 Identifying the Relevant Publics
5.2.2 Measuring Images and Attitude of the Relevant Public
5.2.3 Establishing Image and Attitude Goals for the Key Publics
5.2.4 Developing Cost Effective Public Relations Strategies
5.2.5 Implementing Actions and Evaluating Results
5.3 Community Opinion Surveys to Assess the Image of an Organization
5.3.1 A Model Questionnaire used in Healthcare Services
5.3.2 Methodology of the Study
5.4 Public Relations Tools
5.4.1 Materials: Written and Audiovisual
5.4.2 Media: News, Events, Speeches and Telephone Information Services
5.5 Health Service Public Relations Officer
5.5.1 Profile of Public Relations Officer
5.5.2 Changing Role and Responsibilities of Health Service PRO

References:

1. Stevens, D. (2016).  Practice management for healthcare professionals,

Momentum Press, New York

2. Kotler, P., Shalowitz, J., & Stevens, R. J. (2020).  Strategic marketing for health
care organizations: Building a customer-driven health system.

3. Silver, R. (2018). Health Service Public Relations: A Guide to Good Practice. Boca

Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC.

4. O’Malley, J. F. (2001). Healthcare marketing, sales, and service: An executive

companion. Chicago: Health Administration Press.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 37

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Introduction to Hospital Accounting and Finance

Course Code MSH 18
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To possess fundamental ideas of accounting

• To handle and manage cash
• To prepare financial statements
• To manage investment and fund raising

Course Outcome :

• Discuss the fundamentals of accounting

• Effectively conduct cash flow analysis
• Adhere knowledge on audits conducted
• Identify the functions and sources of funds
• Describe budget and costing
• Evaluate fund raising effectiveness

BLOCK I: Fundamentals of Accounting

1.1 Meaning, Concepts, Principles, Accounting Rules

1.2 Single and Double Entry System
1.3 Journal Entry, Bookkeeping, Ledger
1.4 Accounts Receivable and Accounts Payable
1.5 Payroll and Executive Remuneration
1.6 Trial Balance
1.7 Rectification of Errors
1.8 Asset Accounting and Depreciation
1.9 Reserves and Provisions

38 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 BLOCK II: Cash Accounting and Cash Management

2.1 Billing / Cash Receipts and Daily Cash Summary

2.2 Bank Accounts and Bank Reconciliation
2.3 Cash Book
2.4 Petty Cash Management
2.5 Authorisation and Approval
2.6 Cash Flow Analysis
2.7 Cash Budgeting
2.8 Cash Control

BLOCK III: Hospital Accounting and Financial Statements

3.1 Departmentalised Accounting

3.2 Internal Control and Internal Auditing
3.3 Trust Funds
3.4 Investment Accounting
3.5 Application of Software
3.6 Revenue and Capital Expenditure
3.7 Receipt and Payment Ac count
3.8 Income and Expenditure Statement
3.9 Balance Sheet
3.10 Statutory Audit

BLOCK IV: Hospital Finance: Fundamentals, Budgeting, and Costing

4.1 Need and Importance of Financial Discipline

4.2 Basic Concepts: Liquidity, Profitability and Leverage
4.3 Role of Finance Controller and Responsibility Accounting
4.4 Budgeting
4.4.1 Need, Elements, Stages and Terms of Budgeting
4.4.2 Operating Budget: Activity /Zero Based Budgeting
4.4.3 Capital Budgeting: Return on Investment
4.4.4 Problems of Budgeting in Hospitals and Overcoming Problems
4.5 Costing
4.5.1 Basics of Cost Accounting: Types and Elements
4.5.2 Cost Behaviour
4.5.3 Cost Centres
4.5.4 Cost Volume Profit Analysis / Breakeven Analysis
4.5.5 Hospital Rate Setting / Pricing Decision
4.5.6 Cost Containment

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 39

 BLOCK V: Financial Decisions and Fund raising

5.1 Working Capital Management

5.2 Sources and Application of Fund
5.3 Analysis of Financial Statements
5.4 Financial Performance of Hospital
5.5 Financial Planning: Long Term and Short Term
5.6 Financing of Health
5.7 Analysis of Need for Fund for Modernization and Expansion
5.8 Financial Information System and Reporting
5.9 Investment Management
5.10 Fundraising
5.10.1 Art of Fundraising
5.10.2 Analyzing Donor Markets
5.10.3 Organizing for Fundraising
5.10.4 Fundraising Goals and Strategies
5.10.5 Fundraising Tactics
5.10.6 Evaluating Fundraising Effectiveness

References:

1. Seawell, L. V. (1960). Principles of hospital accounting. Berwyn, Ill: Physicians’

Record Co.

2. Shi, L., Singh, D. A., & Shi, L. (2019).  Essentials of the U.S. health care system,
Burlington, Massachusetts : Jones & Bartlett Learning

3. Kukla, S. F. (1986).  Cost accounting and financial analysis for the hospital
administrator. Chicago, Ill: American Hospital Pub.

4. Kuchhal, S. C. (1987). Corporation finance: Principles and problems. Allahabad:

Chaitanya Pub. House.

40 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Hospital Materials Management

Course Code MSH 19
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To conversant with Inventory and various methods of control and Purchase

management
• To describe inspection, storage and distribution of materials

Course Outcome :

• Describe the objectives of materials management

• Determine optimal purchase of materials for hospital management
• Understands the mobility of equipments in healthcare sectors
• Discuss Planning, Selection and import of Equipment
• Describe EOQ
BLOCK I: Materials Management

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Definition and Function
1.3 Goals and Objectives of Materials Management
1.4 Materials Cycle
1.5 Functions of Materials Manager
1.6 Problems and Issues in Hospitals
1.7 Information Systems for Materials Management

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 41

 BLOCK II: Purchasing

2.1 Objectives and Elements of Purchasing

2.2 Purchasing System
2.3 Purchase Cycle
2.4 Purchase Procedures
2.5 Legal and Ethical Aspects
2.5.1 Conditions of Contract
2.5.2 Financial Rules
2.5.3 Arbitration

BLOCK III: Equipment Purchase and Maintenance

3.1 Planning and Selection of Equipment

3.2 Import of Equipment
3.3 Equipment Utilization and Operation
3.4 Equipment Repair and Maintenance
3.5 Equipment Audit

BLOCK IV: Inspection, Storage and Distribution of Materials

4.1 Planning Consideration of Stores

4.2 Inspection and Verification of Materials
4.3 Storage of Materials
4.4 Distribution of Materials
4.5 Condemnation and Disposal

BLOCK V: Scientific Inventory Management

5.1 Codification and Standardization

5.2 Value Analysis
5.3 Inventory Control
5.4 Lead Time, Safety Stock and Reorder Level
5.5 Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
5.6 Selective Controls
5.7 Case Studies on Inventory Control

42 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

References:

1. Shakti, G. (2004). Hospital stores management: An integrated approach. Place of

publication not identified: Jaypee Brothers Medical P.

2. Maintenance and repair of laboratory, diagnostic imaging, and hospital

equipment. (1994). Geneva.

3. Skeet, M., Fear, D., & Voluntary Service Overseas. (1995). Care and safe use of
hospital equipment. London: VSO.

4. Vrat, P. (2014). Materials Management: An Integrated Systems Approach. New

Delhi: Springer India.

5. Nieger, L., & Beckman, G. K. (1978). Materials management: A systems approach.

Bradford, Eng: MCB Publications.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 43

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

I Year Syllabus - Semester - II

Course Title Hospital Work II: Practical Training in Operational

Course Code MSF 12
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

The course will help to understand the operational management functions in ahealth-
care organisation covering:

• Human Resources Management

• Marketing
• Public Relations
• Accounting
• Finance
• Materials

Course Outcome :

• Develop professional way of managing hospital operations effectively

• Describe the norms followed in the healthcare industry.

1. Organisation Understudy

1.1 History of the Hospital

1.2 Promoters
1.3 Management (Composition of Trust / Society / Governing Board /
ExecutiveBoard)
1.4 Philosophy / Vision and Mission
1.5 Location and Layout of the Hospital
1.6 Staffing (including Organogram)
1.7 Services Rendered (including Statistics)
1.8 Future Plans

44 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 2. Operational Management Functions in a Hospital

2.1 Human Resources Management / Personnel Management

2.2 Marketing and Public Relations Practices
2.3 Accounting and Financial Management
2.4 Materials: Purchase, Stores and Issues & Indent

At the completion of the one-month observation training the students are required
tosubmit a detail individual report exhibiting their observations in a format as
prescribedby the University.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 45

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year Syllabus - Semester - III

Course Title Patient Care Planning and Management

Course Code MSH 20
Course Credit 4

Course Objective :

• To develop a plan for hospital

• To describe outpatient services
• To understand emergency and casualty services

Course Outcome :

• Describe the basics of diagnosis, physiotherapy and occupational therapy

• Identify the steps in hospital planning
• Maintain out patient service effectively
• Obtain detailed knowledge maintain day care, reservation, appointment by phone
• Apply knowledge in case of emergency and trauma situations

BLOCK I: Hospital Planning

1.1 Concept of Planning

1.2 Guiding Principles in Planning Hospital Facilities and Services
1.3 Regional Planning and Factors to be emphasized
1.4 Steps in Hospital Planning; Planning Team and Stages of Project
1.5 Estimation, Architect Brief and Master Plan
1.6 Selection of Site and Decision on Land, Space, and Utilities

BLOCK II: Outpatient Services

2.1 Objectives
2.2 Functions
2.3 Location, Design and Layout

46 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

2.4 Policy and Procedures
2.5 Organization
2.6 Staffing
2.7 Equipment and Facilities
2.8 Key Result Areas and Performance / Quality Indicators
2.9 Daily Planning and Scheduling of Work
2.10 Managing Time: Waiting Time and Total Time Spent by a Patient
2.11 Specialty, Sub-specialty and Super Specialty Clinics
2.12 Diagnosis, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
2.13 Emerging Concepts: Day Care, Reservation, Appointment by Phone
2.14 Medico-social Works / Patient Counselling
2.15 Other Facilities: Pharmacy, Gifts Shop, Prayer / Meditation Room

BLOCK III: Trauma Care: Emergency and Casualty Services

3.1 Objectives
3.2 Functions
3.3 Location, Design and Layout
3.4 Policy and Procedures
3.5 Organization
3.6 Staffing
3.7 Equipment and Facilities
3.8 Key Result Areas and Performance / Quality Indicators
3.9 Disaster Management: Principles and Classification
3.10 Life Saving Drugs
3.11 Ambulance and Paramedic Services
3.12 Medico-legal Procedures
3.13 Forms and Registers to be maintained
3.14 Communication System

BLOCK IV: Inpatient Services

4.1 Inpatient Care

4.1.1 Objectives
4.1.2 Functions
4.1.3 Location, Design and Layout
4.1.4 Policy and Procedures
4.1.5 Organization
4.1.6 Staffing
4.1.7 Equipment and Facilities
4.1.8 Key Result Areas and Performance / Quality Indicators

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 47

 4.1.9 Admission, Transfer, Billing and Discharge Procedures
4.1.10 Managing Deaths
4.2 Intensive Care Units
4.2.1 Objectives
4.2.2 Functions
4.2.3 Location, Design and Layout
4.2.4 Policy and Procedures
4.2.5 Organization
4.2.6 Staffing
4.2.7 Equipment and Facilities
4.2.8 Key Result Areas and Performance / Quality Indicators
4.2.9 Types of ICUs

BLOCK V : Operation Theatre

5.1 Objectives
5.2 Functions
5.3 Location, Design and Layout
5.4 Policy and Procedures
5.5 Organization
5.6 Staffing
5.7 Equipment and Facilities
5.8 Key Result Areas and Performance / Quality Indicators
5.9 Daily Planning and Scheduling
5.10 Determinants of number of Operating Rooms
5.11 Zoning and Aseptic / Sterile Techniques
5.12 Clinical Protocols
5.13 Sub-stores, CSSD, Immediate Postoperative Recovery Rooms
5.14 Safety Issues

References:

1. Patient care management. (2002). Frederick, MD: Aspen Publishers.

2. EBSCO Publishing (Firm). (2000).  Patient care management. Frederick, MD:

Aspen Publishers.

3. Llewelyn-Davies, R., & Macaulay, H. M. C. (1995).  Hospital planning and

administration. New Delhi, India: Jaypee Bros.

4. Ozcan, Y. A., &Linhart, H. A. (2017). Analytics and Decision Support in Health Care

Operations Management.

48 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year Syllabus - Semester - III

Course Title Supportive Services and Facilities Management

Course Code MSH 21
Course Credit 4

Course Objective :

• To discuss front office and Technology Advancements in mediacal records

• To describe diagnostic services
• To elucidate supportive services
• To enumerate sales outlets and maintenance management

Course Outcome :

• Analysis of medical records

• Determine the duties of radiologist
• Elaborate the functions of housekeeping
• Develop insight on location and space management
• Discuss about location and design sales outlet

BLOCK I: Front Office and Medical Records

1.1 Front Office

1.1.1 Objectives and Functions
1.1.2 Location
1.1.3 Staffing
1.1.4 Information and Communication
1.2 Medical Records
1.2.1 Objectives and Functions
1.2.2 Characteristics, Main Section, and Analysis of Medical Records
1.2.3 Types of Forms; Retention Policy; Records and Statistics

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 49

 1.2.4 Hospital Beds, Bed Compliment, Bed Days, Average Length of Stay (LOS),
Bed Occupancy Rate, Daily Ward Census, Bed Turnover Rate, Gross /
Net /Postoperative Death Rate, Ad mission and Discharge
1.2.5 Location, Design and Layout
1.2.6 Staffing; Medical Records Committee
1.2.7 Technology Advancements: EMR, Microfilming and Smart Cards

BLOCK II: Diagnostic Services

2.1 Radiology Services

2.1.1 Objectives and Functions
2.1.2 Location, Design and Layout
2.1.3 Staffing; Duties of Radiologist and Technicians
2.2 Laboratory Services
2.2.1 Objectives and Functions
2.2.2 Location, Design and Layout
2.2.3 Staffing; Duties of Pathologists and Lab Technicians
2.2.4 Classification of Laboratory Services

BLOCK III: Other Supportive Services

3.1 CSSD
3.1.1 Objectives and Functions
3.1.2 Advantages of Centralized System
3.1.3 Distribution System
3.1.4 Location, Design and Layout
3.1.5 Staffing; Duties of CSSD In-charge
3.2 Linen and Laundry
3.2.1 Objectives and Functions
3.2.2 Location and Space
3.2.3 Staffing
3.2.4 Bed Linen Ratio
3.2.5 Automation
3.3 Housekeeping
3.3.1 Objectives and Functions
3.3.2 Staffing
3.3.3 Key Tasks
3.3.4 Systematic and Standard Procedures of Cleaning
3.3.5 Required Materials for Cleaning
3.4 Security Services

50 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 3.4.1 Objectives and Functions
3.4.2 Staffing; Responsibilities of Security Guard
3.4.3 Gate Pass; Physical Verification; Control Movement

BLOCK IV: Sales Outlets

4.1 Pharmacy
4.1.1 Objectives and Functions
4.1.2 Location, Design and Layout
4.1.3 Staffing; Duties of Chief Pharmacist; Therapeutic Committee
4.1.4 Hospital Formulary
4.2 Dietary Services
4.2.1 Objectives and Functions
4.2.2 Staffing
4.2.3 Equipment and Physical Facilities
4.2.4 Purchases, Stores and Issues
4.2.5 Pricing and Control Measures
4.2.6 Location, Design and Layout

BLOCK V: Maintenance Management

5.1 Objectives and Functions

5.2 Civil and Biomedical
5.3 Staffing
5.4 Location and Space
5.5 Policy and Procedures
5.6 Equipments Types and Characteristics; Purchase, Inspection and
Installation,Records, Responsibilities
5.7 Levels of Maintenance; Service Contracts and Disposition

References:

1. Kunders, G. D., Gopinath, S., &Katakam, A. (2003).  Hospitals: Planning, design,

and management. New Delhi: Tata, McGraw-Hill.

2. Tabish, S. A. (2001). Hospital and health services administration: Principles and

practice. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.

3. Great Britain. (1971). Guide to good practices in hospital administration. London:

H.M.S.O..

4. Robinson, G. A. (1966).  Hospital administration. New York: Appleton-Century-

Crofts.
M.B.A - Hospital Administration 51
 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year Syllabus - Semester - III

Course Title Health Systems Research & Research Methodology

Course Code MSH 22
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To describe research plan and design

• To discuss sampling methods and data collection
• To explain data collection
• To analyze data, interpret it and generate a report

Course Outcome :

• Enumerate the ethical aspects in health research

• Describe the various sampling techniques
• Discuss the steps in sampling design
• Describe the data collection methods
• Explain the significance of report writing

BLOCK I: Introduction, Research Planning and Design

1.1 Meaning, Purpose, Types and Methods of Research

1.2 Research Process
1.3 Steps in Research Planning
1.4 Problems: Components, Selecting and Defining Problem
1.5 Purpose, Objectives and Hypothesis
1.6 Research Strategies
1.7 Ethical Aspects in Health Research
1.8 Economic Considerations
1.9 Data Collection Plans: Questioning, Information Gathering and Sources
1.10 Plans for Analysis of Data

52 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

1.11 Proposal Writing
1.12 Research Design in case of different researches

BLOCK II: Sampling Methods

2.1 Census Vs Sampling

2.2 Universe, Sampling Frame, Sampling Design, Errors, Precision and
Confidence Level
2.3 Principles of Sampling
2.4 Steps in Sampling Design
2.5 Systematic Bias & Causes of Bias
2.6 Types of Sampling Design
2.7 Merits and Limitations of Sampling

BLOCK III: Data Collection

3.1 Primary and Secondary Data

3.2 Methods of Collecting Primary Data: Questioning and Observation
3.3 Prerequisites / Basic Tenets of Interviewing
3.4 Designing a Questionnaire
3.5 Pre-testing / Pilot Study

BLOCK IV: Data Analysis: Biostatistics

4.1 Functions, Scope and Limitations

4.2 Presentation of Data
4.3 Measures of Central Tendency
4.4 Measures of Variation
4.5 Correlation and Regression Analysis
4.6 Forecasting and Time Series Analysis
4.7 Probability
4.8 Sampling
4.9 Estimation of Parameters
4.10 Tests of Hypothesis
4.11 Chi Square Test
4.12 Statistical Quality Control
BLOCK V: Interpretation and Report Writing

5.1 Reasons, Techniques and Precautions in Interpretation

5.2 Significance of Report Writing
5.3 Steps in Report Writing
5.4 Layout of a Research Report

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 53

5.5 Types of Reports
5.6 University Prescribed Guidelines
5.7 Precautions

References:

1. Kothari, C. R. (2019). Research Methodology: Methods And Techniques. S.L.: New

Age International.

2. Sundar, R. P. S. S., & Richard, J. (1996). An introduction to biostatistics: A manual

for students in health sciences. New Delhi: Prentice/Hall of India.

3. Polgar, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2020). Introduction to research in the health sciences,

Edinburgh : Elsevier, 7th edition.

4. Vittinghoff, E. (2012).  Regression methods in biostatistics: Linear, logistic,

survival, and repeated measures models. (Regression Methods in Biostatistics.)
New York, NY: Springer.

5. Bhatia, D. K., & Gupta, V. (1986). Business statistics. New Delhi: Vani Educational
Books.

6. Gupta, K. R. (2017).  Business statistics, New Delhi : Atlantic Publishers &

Distributors..

54 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year Syllabus - Semester - III

Course Title Health Communication Planning and Management

Course Code MSH 23
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To describe communication and its process

• To develop strategies of implementation of communication programme
• to evaluate health communication
• To analyse methods and media of communication

Course Outcome :

• Explain the barriers of communication

• Demonstrate the key roles of leadership and motivation
• Acquire knowledge on optimal utilizing resources
• Effectively conduct group discussion
• Usage of different media in the field of hospital industry

BLOCK I: Communication: Fundamentals and Process

1.1 Meaning and Process of Communication

1.2 Barriers to Communication
1.3 Key to overcome Barriers: Awareness, Self-assessment, Openness and
Objectivity
1.4 Leadership and Motivation
1.5 Learning and Change Process
1.6 Types: Formal, Supportive, Rigid, Purposeful and Complex
1.7 Levels: Intra-personal, Interpersonal, Public and Mass
1.8 Process of Communication Planning
1.8.1 Analysis of Audience and Situation

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 55

 1.8.2 Setting Objectives
1.8.3 Designing Strategy: Message, Methods and Media
1.8.4 Planning Activities: Scheduling, Budgeting and Implementation
1.8.5 Evaluation Phase

BLOCK II: Strategies of Implementation of Communication Programme

2.1 Building Commitment

2.2 Training Manpower
2.3 Community Participation
2.4 Utilizing Resources

BLOCK III: Evaluation of Health Communication / Campaign Programme

3.1 Stages of Evaluation

3.2 Criteria of Evaluation
3.3 Methods of evaluation

BLOCK IV: Methods of Communication

4.1 Individual Methods (Individual teaching)

4.1.1 Interview: Meaning, types and techniques of taking interview
4.1.2 Counselling: Meaning and techniques of counselling
4.2 Group Methods (Group teaching)
4.2.1 Group discussion: Meaning, categories of members and their functions,
factors affecting good discussion and decision making
4.2.2 Role play: Meaning, techniques of conducting role play
4.2.3 Symposium: Meaning, procedures of conducting the symposium
4.3 Mass Methods (Mass teaching)
4.3.1 Lecture: Meaning, types, techniques of delivering lecture effectively
4.4 Documentation

BLOCK V: Media of Communication

5.1 Audio Aids

5.1.1 Cassette player: Meaning, advantages of using cassette player in
teaching
5.2 Visual Aids
5.2.1 Pamphlet: Meaning and Advantages
5.2.2 Poster: Meaning and Techniques
5.2.3 Chart: Meaning, Types, Sources and Advantages

56 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 5.2.4 Flip Chart: Meaning and Techniques
5.2.5 Flannel Graph: Meaning and Techniques
5.2.6 Bulletin Board: Meaning and Procedures
5.3 Audio-visual Aids
5.3.1 Television (TV): Meaning and Advantages
5.3.2 Video Show: Meaning and Advantages
5.3.3 Computer Networks, Websites, Emails, etc.
References:

1. Hattersley, M. E., &McJannet, L. (2008). Management communication: Principles

and practice. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

2. Ramachandran, L. (1983). Textbook of health education. Place of publication not

identified: Pub By VikasHouse Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi

3. Munter, M., & Hamilton, L. (2014). Guide to managerial communication. Harlow:

Pearson.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 57

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year Syllabus - Semester - III

Course Title Hospital Work III: Practical Training in Patient Care and
Supportive Services Management
Course Code MSF 21
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

The course will help to understand the functioning patient care areas and supportive-
services departments / sections that include:

• Outpatient Service
• Inpatient Service
• Diagnosis
• Community Health
• Engineering / Maintenance
• Supportive Services

Course Outcome :

• Effectively plan and implement hospital oriented projects

• Obtain detailed knowledge maintain day care, reservation, appointment by phone
• Handle emergency and trauma situations

1. Patient Care

1.1 Outpatient Service (including MRD)

1.2 Emergency Care
1.3 Inpatient Services (admission, one ward, OT, one ICU and discharge in detail)
1.4 Diagnostic Services
1.5 Community Health
1.6 Education, Research and Publications

58 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 2. Supportive Services

2.1 Maintenance Management

2.2 Front Office
2.3 Housekeeping
2.4 Dietary
2.5 Linen and Laundry
2.6 Security
2.7 Sales outlets (e.g. Pharmacy)
2.8 Inventory and Indent

At the completion of the one-month observation training the students are required
tosubmit a detail individual report exhibiting their observations in a format as
prescribed by the University.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 59

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year - Semester - IV

Course Title Health Insurance

Course Code MSH 24
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To describe Health insurance and its types

• To develop Designing Benefit Package and Premium setting
• To discuss provider payment mechanism
• To design and plan of community health insurance

Course Outcome :

• Discuss the various market failures and risks involved in health insurance
• Explain the different welfare loss from health insurance
• Demonstrate the ways to design benefit package and premium setting for health
insurance
• Analyze and control the various functions of managed care systems
• Enumerate HMO,PPO,EPO,PHO,IPO
BLOCK I: Health Insurance, Market Failure and Risks

1.1 Concept of Health Insurance

1.2 Types, origin, evolution and importance:
1.2.1 Private Health Insurance for profit
1.2.2 Private Health Insurance not-for-profit: Community Health Insurance
(CHI), Employer Based Insurance, Health Micro Insurance (MHI) and
Reinsurance
1.2.3 Public Health Insurance: National Health Insurance, Social Health
Insurance
1.2.4 Fundamental differences among various Health Insurance Schemes

60 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 1.2.5 Various models of CHI and MHI tested / implemented in
developingcountries
1.2.6 Health Insurance in Indian Context
1.3 Social security: A fundamental concept
1.4 Risk and Insurance
1.5 Demand and Supply for Health Insurance
1.6 Economics of Scale
1.7 Welfare Loss from Health Insurance
1.8 Actuarially Fair Premium, Expected Loss, Load Factors
1.9 Risks: Moral hazard, adverse selection, cost escalation, fraud andabuse,
cream skimming
1.10 Risk Management Tools
1.10.1 Moral Hazard: Co-payment / coinsurance, deductibles,
indemnity payment,mandatory referral system
1.10.2 Adverse Selection: Collective membership, group policies
1.10.3 Cost Escalation: Treatment protocol, fixed fee per illness
1.10.4 Fraud and Abuse (free rider): Insurance cared with photograph

BLOCK II: Designing Benefit Package and Premium setting

2.1 Designing Benefit Package: Introduction

2.2 Issues to be considered: Financial resources, existing infrastructure and
qualitycare, priority, utilization, pattern of disease and injury, level of health
services,estimating maximum demand
2.3 Costing the Benefit Package: Cost of pharmaceuticals, consultations,
diagnosticsupport services, hospitalization, additional services and
operating costs
2.4 Premium Setting: Calculation and determining premium

BLOCK III: Provider Payment Mechanism

3.1 Introduction, fee for services, case payment, daily charge, bonus payment,
flatrate payment, capitation, salary, global budget, DRG
3.2 Comparison of different payment systems

BLOCK IV: Designing and Planning of Community Health Insurance

4.1 Pre-Feasibility Study: Establish contact with community, test preconditions

(socialcohesion, priority for health, trust to the initiator, quality services,
economic situation),information, education and communication, working groups,
planning data collection

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 61

4.2 Data collection and analysis: household survey questionnaire design,
productionof information
4.3 Feasibility Study: Basis of choice (benefit package and premium), scenario,
major risks and its management, payment mechanism and fund management
4.4 Preparing for Implementation: Practical and logistics
4.5 Implementation: Launching, enrolment, premium collection, waiting period
4.6 Monitoring and Evaluation

BLOCK V: Managed Care

5.1 Origin, Growth and Development of Managed Care

5.2 Importance
5.3 Management Functions of Managed Care
5.4 System of Managed Care
5.4.1 Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
5.4.2 Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
5.4.3 Exclusive Provider Organization (EPO)
5.4.4 Physician Hospital Organization (PHO)
5.4.5 Independent Practitioner Organization (IPO)
5.5 Components of Managed Care System
5.5.1 Contractor Provider Network
5.5.2 Patient Access Systems
5.5.3 Utilization Management
5.5.4
Claims Payment
5.5.5
Customer Service
5.5.6
Quality Management

References:

1. Kongstvedt, P. R. (2001). The managed health care handbook. Gaithersburg, Md:

Aspen Publishers.

2. Harpster, L. M., Veach, M. S., & American Society for Healthcare Risk Management.
(1990).  Risk management handbook for health care facilities. Chicago, Ill:
American Hospital Pub.

3. Todd, M. K. (2009).  The managed care contracting handbook: Planning and

negotiating the managed care relationship. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor and Francis.

62 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year - Semester - IV

Course Title Legal & Ethical Issues in Healthcare

Course Code MSH 25
Course Credit 4

Course Objective :

• To discuss the importance of understanding the legal obligations in healthcare

industry
• To Identify the ethical issues prevailing in the healthcare industry
• To Realize the various laws related to labour relation and provisions of acts
related to medical care

Course Outcome :

• Define companies act and Act of the Tamil Nadu Clinics

• Explain the acts related to labour relations
• Discuss ethical issues related to medical care
• Enumerate medical legal commitments
• Describe insurance and tax policies of health care

BLOCK I: Promotion

1.1 Forming Society

1.2 The Companies Act
1.3 Law of Partnership
1.4 A Sample Constitution for the Hospital
1.5 The Tamil Nadu Clinics Act

BLOCK II: Labour Relations

2.1 Factories Act

2.2 Shops and Establishment Act

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 63

2.3 The Workmen’s Compensation Act
2.4 The Employees’ State Insurance Act
2.5 The Employees’ Provident Funds Act
2.6 The Payment of Gratuity Act
2.7 The Maternity Benefit Act
2.8 The Payment of Wages Act
2.9 The Minimum Wages Act
2.10 The Industrial Disputes Act
2.11 The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act
2.12 The Trade Union Act
2.13 The Apprentices Act
2.14 The Employment Exchanges (Compulsory Notification of Vacancies) Act
2.15 The Collection of Statistics Act

BLOCK III: Medical Care

3.1 Medical Council of India

3.2 Medical Licensure Law
3.3 Doctors Patient Relationship
3.4 Medical Malpractice
3.5 Quality and Standard of Medical Care
3.6 Negligence
3.7 Medical Consent
3.8 Emergency Care
3.9 The Consumer Protection Act
3.10 Patients Rights and Responsibilities
3.11 Medical Ethics

BLOCK IV: Medico Legal Commitments

4.1 Mental Illness

4.2 Tuberculosis
4.3 Drugs Addicts and Alcoholics
4.4 Legal Issue in Death Cases
4.5 Legal Testimony in Medico-legal cases
4.6 Narcotic Laws
4.7 The Drugs and Cosmetic Act
4.8 Drug Control Policy
4.9 Clinical Investigation
4.10 Blood Transfusion
4.11 The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act

64 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

4.12 The Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act
4.13 Dying Declaration
4.14 Medical Jurisprudence
4.15 The Human Organ Transplantation Act
4.16 Toxicology

BLOCK V: Hospital Administration

5.1 The Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules

5.2 Radiation Safety System
5.3 Law of Insurance
5.4 Export Import Policy
5.5 Exemption of Income Tax for Donations
5.6 Tax Obligations: Filing Returns and Deductions at Source

References:

1. Kapoor, N. D. (1983).  Elements of mercantile law: Including company law and

industrial law. New Delhi: Sultan Chand & Sons.

2. Anand, R., &Satpathy, S. (2000). Hospital Waste Management: A Holistic Approach.

New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) LTD.

3. Harris, D. (2014). Contemporary Issues in Healthcare Law and Ethics. Chicago:

Health Administration Press.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 65

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year - Semester - IV

Course Title Managing Quality in Healthcare

Course Code MSH 26
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To describe the major components in quality management

• To highlight the various roles in quality management
• To identify the recent trends in ISO standardization
• To effectively manage team and foster communication

Course Outcome :

• Highlight quality management process

• Understand leadership, problem solving, teamwork, communication and other
tools and techniques to manage health care.
• Handle individual behavior and customers.
• Familiarize quality policy
• Realise recent trends in managing health care

BLOCK I: Fundamentals

1.1 History, Need and Importance of Quality Management

1.2 Core Values, Concepts and Model
1.3 Quality Gurus and their views
1.4 Dimensions of Quality
1.5 Principles of Quality Management: Structure, Process and Outcome
1.6 Quality Vs Productivity Vs Profitability
1.7 Cost of conformance and non-conformance to Quality
1.8 Major Components in Quality
1.8.1 Setting Objectives

66 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 1.8.2 Quality Investment
1.8.3 Activity Monitoring
1.8.4 Performance Assessment
1.9 Quality Management Process
1.9.1 Leadership Commitment
1.9.2 Corporate Framework on Quality
1.9.3 Transformation of Corporate Culture
1.9.4 Customer Focus
1.9.5 Process Focus
1.9.6 Collaborative Approach
1.9.7 Education, Training and Development
1.9.8 Learning by Practice and Teaching
1.9.9 Benchmarking
1.9.10 Quality Measurement and Statistical Report at all Levels
1.9.11 Recognition and Reward
1.9.12 Management Integration

BLOCK II: Quality Foundation, Tools and Techniques

2.1 Leadership
2.2 Team Work
2.3 Communication
2.4 Problem Solving
2.5 Managing Time
2.6 Tools and Techniques
2.6.1 Flow Chart
2.6.2 Cause and Effect Diagram
2.6.3 Pareto Diagram
2.6.4 Statistical Process Control (SPC)

BLOCK III: Healthcare Quality

3.1 Quality / Customer Service

3.1.1 Define Customer and Identify Customers
3.1.2 Customer Experience: Core Service & Delivery of Service
3.1.3 Excellent Customer Service; Caring Service
3.1.4 Individual Behaviour: Stress, Communication and Interpersonal
Relationship
3.2 Patient Satisfaction
3.2.1 Rights and Responsibilities of Patients
3.2.2 Satisfaction and Delight

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 67

 3.2.3 Quality Indicators of Patient Satisfaction
3.3 Clinical Quality
3.3.1 Complication and Infection Rate
3.3.2 Admission, Follow Up and Continuity of Care
3.4 Measuring Quality
3.4.1 Setting Objectives and Agreeing upon Standards
3.4.2 Develop Key Result Areas and Performance Indicators
3.4.3 Feedback: Customers, Staff, Suppliers, etc.
3.4.4 Quality Audit and Review Techniques

BLOCK IV: Organisation and Roles in Quality

4.1 Quality Policy: Commitment to Patients and Staff

4.2 Code of Conduct for Health Professionals
4.3 Job Description of Quality Manager
4.4 Quality Steering Committee
4.5 Quality Council
4.6 Quality Teams: Task Force, Quality Circle
4.7 Obstacles to Practice Quality

BLOCK V: Recent Trends

5.1 ISO Certification; BS Mark

5.2 Accreditation: JCI
5.3 Quality Awards Scheme
5.4 Business Process Reengineering

References:

1. Wilson, C. R. M. (1992). Strategies in health care quality. Toronto: W.B. Saunders.

2. Davies, N. (2018). Total Quality Management In Health Care. US: Tritech Digital

Media.

3. Dlugacz, Y. D., Restifo, A., & Greenwood, A. (2004). The quality handbook for health
care organizations: A manager’s guide to tools and programs. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass.

4. Ross, T. K. (2014).  Health care quality management: Tools and applications,

ossey-Bass, a Wiley Brand, First edition.

68 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year - Semester - IV

Course Title MIS & Application of Information Technology in Healthcare

Course Code MSH 27
Course Credit 3

Course Objective :

• To develop knowledge on the basics of computers

• To process and maintain records
• To identify the role of IT in Hospital
• To apply the HIS in hospitals
• To understand Latest Advancement in Technology

Course Outcome :

• Enumerate Ms office and MIS

• Apply the HIS
• Explain Approaches to Conversion of a New System
• Define Integrated HIS
• Familiarize the need and importance of IT in health care
• Understand Clinical Practices through Internet and Tele-health
• Familiarize Electronic Medical Documentation and Smart Cards
• Discuss Useful Websites in Health Care

BLOCK I: Basics of Computers and Management Information System

1.1 Computers and its Components

1.2 IT: Appropriateness and as focus of Organizational Change
1.3 Software and Hardware Selection: Factors to be Considered, Methods of
Selecting and Optimize the Selection Procedures
1.4 Networking: Importance, Types, Methods of Networking, Network Planning
and Management
1.5 LAN Security: Protecting Health Care Information, Internal Vs External Threats

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 69

1.6 MS Windows: Word, PowerPoint Presentations, Excel, Outlook Express,
andInternet Exploring
1.7 Data Processing (DP): Importance, Data Flow; DP Requirements and File
Concepts: How to Process Data, Suitable Method of Processing, Meaning of Files,
Types and Importance of Files; Database Design, Interface Design,Reports
Design and Advance Topics in Data Management
1.8 MIS: How to Process Information, Information and Records, Importance of
Planning; Training and Educating Staff, Testing MIS
1.9 Role of IT in Office Automation: Traditional VS IT Office; What is Office Automation;
Communication Technology for Automation; Retrieval and Storage System;
Integrated Office Automation; Portable Office; Future Edge of Information
Technology

BLOCK II: Systems Management, Software Applications and

DevelopmentalProcess

2.1 System – SSAD Approach: Meaning, System Analysis, Design, Development,

Testing, Implementation, Maintenance; Computer Systems Control and Auditing;
Approaches to Conversion of a New System

2.2 Managing System Personnel – Difference in Managing System Personnel;

Types:Users, Data Operators, Programmers / Software Engineers, Hardware
Engineers,Maintenance Team, In-charge / Department Head, External
Consultants; Orientation,Training, Retaining

2.3 Need Analysis

2.4 System Analysis
2.5 Feasibility Test: Economic, Technical, Political & Socio-cultural Factors
2.6 Tender Procedure: Bid Documentation Preparation, Tender, Technical Document
Analysis, Financial Document Analysis and Contract
2.7 Software Development Procedure: Detail System Analysis, System Design,
Database Design, Software Development, Testing and Implementation
2.8 After Development Procedure: Maintenance, Updates, Modules Addition
2.9 Features of Software in Hospitals and Health Care
BLOCK III: Hospital / Health Information System – HIS

3.1 Objectives, Characteristics, Elements, Categories

3.2 HIS for Various Levels of Management (Top / Middle / Operational)
3.3 Integrated HIS (IHMIS)
3.4 Comprehensive Single Hospital MIS (CSHS), Comprehensive Multi-hospitals MIS
(CMHS), Business Office Multi-hospital MIS (BMHS) and Special Purpose Single
Hospital MIS (SSHS)

70 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 BLOCK IV: Application of Computers in Hospitals and Health Programs

4.1 Need and Importance of IT in Health Care

4.2 Centralized Vs Decentralized
4.3 Integrated Online HIS
4.4 Computerizing Medical Records, OPD, Ward, Admission and Discharge, OT,Clinical
Laboratory, Blood Bank, Eye Bank, Clinical Quality Assurance,
Pharmacy,Community Outreach, Reception / Front Office, Materials
Management, FinancialAccounting, HRM, Training and Development, Medical
Research, Library andLiterature Search, Housekeeping
4.5 Implementing wireless computerized patient records
4.6 Complexity in computerizing Hospitals
4.7 Computerizing Health Programs / Projects and widely used latest Statistical
and Evaluation Software

BLOCK V: Latest Advancement in Technology

5.1 Geographical Information System (GIS): Digitizing Map, Software and

HardwareRequired for GIS
5.2 Clinical Practices through Internet and Tele-health
5.3 Electronic Medical Documentation and Smart Cards
5.4 Useful Websites in Health Care
5.5 Future Trends in Health Care Information Systems

References:

1. Hebda, T., &Czar, P. (2013).  Handbook of informatics for nurses & healthcare
professionals. Boston: Pearson.

2. Worthley, J. A., &Disalvio, P. S. (1995).  Managing computers in health care:

A guide for professionals. Ann Arbor, Mich: Health Administration Press.

3. Maheu, M.M. (2002). E-Health, Telehealth, and Telemedicine: A Guide to Startup

and Success. Wiley.

4. World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland). (1988).  Informatics and

Telematics in Health. Present and Potential Uses. WHO Publications Center USA.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 71

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MBA (Hospital Administration)

II Year - Syllabus Semester - IV

Course Title Project

Course Code MSF 25
Course Credit 6

GUIDELINES FOR PROJECT COURSE MSF - 25

Students can register for the Project Course with Course Code MSF-25 in the second
year. For registration purposes, the Project Course is treated as one Course, carrying
a weight of 6 credits.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the Project Course is to help the student develop his/her ability to apply
multi-disciplinary concepts, tools and techniques to solve organizational problems and/or
to evolve new/innovative theoretical frame work.

TYPE OF PROJECT

The Project may take any one of the following forms:

i) Comprehensive case study (covering single organization/multifunctional area

problem, formulation analysis and recommendations)

ii) Inter-organisational study aimed at inter-organisational comparison/ validation of

theory/survey of management services.

iii) Evolution of any new conceptual / theoretical framework.

iv) Field study (empirical study).

PROJECT PROPOSAL (SYNOPSIS)

PROPOSAL FORMULATION

Synopsis of the project should be prepared in consultation with the guide and sent to
THE CO-ORDINATOR (PROJECTS), School of Management Studies, TNOU, Saidapet,
Chennai – 600 015. The synopsis should clearly state the objectives and research

72 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

methodology of the proposed project to be undertaken. It should have full details of the
rationale, sampling instruments to be used, limitations if any, and future directions for
further research etc.,

ELIGIBLE PROJECT GUIDE

i) Faculty at the School of Management Studies, TNOU, Chennai.

ii) Faculty employed at Colleges / Institutions in the department of Business Man

agement affiliated to any Indian University and having minimum five years of
teaching experience.

iii) Professionals holding Master’s degree in Management or allied disciplines and

having minimum 5 years of experience in the relevant area.
Students are advised to send their project synopsis and a complete and duly signed
bio-data of the guide (in case of (ii) and (iii) above) to the Coordinator (Projects), School
of Management Studies, TNOU, Saidapet, Chennai – 15.
In case the proposed guide is not acceptable to the Faculty at the School of Management
Studies, TNOU, the student shall be advised so. In such cases, the student will have to
resubmit the proposal afresh; the same one or a different one, with the signature of
the new guide and it will be considered as a new proposal. Similarly, if the student
wants to change her/his guide for any reason, she/he would be required to submit the
project proposal along with the signature of the new guide on the new project proposal
proforma, and it would be considered as a new proposal.
If Academic Counsellors of TNOU are selected as guides it should be clearly mentioned
as to which are the Courses she/he is counseling for, and since when, along with the
name and code of the TNOU centre she/he is attached with. The project guide will be
paid a token honorarium of Rs.300/- by the University for guiding the student. At any
given point of time a supervisor cannot guide more than five students.
After finalizing the topic and the selection of the guide, the student should send the
Project Proposal Proforma along with a Copy of the synopsis and Bio-Data of the guide
to the Co-ordinator(Projects), School of Management Studies, TNOU, Tamil Nadu Open
University, Saidapet, Chennai – 600 015 for approval.Proposals incomplete in any
respect will straight away be rejected. Students are advised to retain a copy of the
synopsis. Proposals not accompanying a complete and signed Bio-Data of guide will
not be considered for approval. The Project Proposal should be submitted at least 2
months before the last date of submission of the project work.
COMMUNICATION OF APPROVAL
A written communication regarding the approval/non-approval of the project proposal
will be sent to the student within two weeks of the receipt of the proposal in the school.

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 73

RESUBMISSION OF PROJECT PROPOSAL
In case of non-approval of the proposal the comments / suggestions for reformulating
the project will be communicated to you. In such cases the revised project synopsis
should be submitted with revised project proposal pro-forma and a copy of the rejected
synopsis and project proposal pro-forma bearing the comments of the evaluator and
P.P.No. (Project Proposal Number) allotted by the School of Management Studies.

PROJECT REPORT
FORMULATION
a) The length of the Project Report may be about 75 double line space typed pages.
b) Each Project Report must adequately explain the research methodology adopt
ed and the directions for future research.
c) The Project Report should also contain the following:
i) Copy of the approved Project Proforma
ii) Certificate of originality of the work duly signed by the student and the guide.
SUBMISSION OF PROJECT REPORT
One typed copy of the project report is to be submitted to the Controller of Examinations,
TNOU, Chennai 600 015. For Academic Year students who submit their Project Reports
before June 30th, the results will be declared along with the June
Term-end examinations. For Calendar year students who submit their Project Reports
before December 31st, the results will be declared along with the December term-end
examinations. The students are requested to fill in and collect an acknowledgement
from the Examination Section of the Controller’s Office.
VIVA-VOCE 
The student may be asked to appear for a Viva-voce, if the evaluator so recommends.
In that case, she/he will be duly intimated about it.
ENQUIRIES
Enquiries regarding the project approval should be addressed to the Co-ordinator
(PROJECTS), School of Management Studies, TNOU, Saidapet, Chennai 600 015 and
regarding Project Reports, it should be addressed to: The Controller of Examinations,
TNOU, Saidapet, Chennai 600 015.
SOME IMPORTANT NOTES WHILE PREPARING THE PROJECT PROPOSAL
1) Send only one copy of the Project Proposal, and retain a copy with you,
2) MSF - 25 should be written prominently on the envelope and should be
addressed to The Coordinator (Projects), School of Management Studies,

74 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 Tamil Nadu Open University, Saidapet, Chennai – 600 015.
3) Enclose the following while submitting the Proposal:
a)
Pro-forma for Approval of Project Proposal, duly filled and signed by both,
the student and the guide.
b) Bio-data of the guide duly signed by her/him
c) Synopsis of the Project
4) The synopsis should include the following:
a) Rationale for the study
b) Objectives of the study
c) Research Methodology used for carrying out the study (detailing
nature of data, data sources, collection methods, tools and techniques
of analysis, sampling etc.,)
d) The expected contribution from the study
e) Limitations, if any and the direction for future research

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

This is to certify that the Project titled ” _______________________________

_________________________________________________________

______________________” is an original work of Mr/Ms ______________

_________________________________________________________

and is being submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the Master’s Degree in
Business Administration of Tamil Nadu Open University. This report or part of this
report has not been submitted earlier either to this University or to any other University
/ Institution for the fulfilment of the requirement of a course of study or published /
presented for any other purpose.

SIGNATURE OF THE STUDENT SIGNATURE OF GUIDE WITH SEAL

Place : Place :

Date : Date :

M.B.A - Hospital Administration 75

SOME IMPORTANT NOTES WHILE PREPARING THE PROJECT REPORT

1) The Project Work should be submitted in original in A-4 Size (29 x 20 cm), typed
in double line space in a bound volume to the” Controller of Examinations “of
the University by the Registered insured post.
2) Before binding the Project report the student should ensure that it contains the
following:

i) Copy of the approved Project Proposal Pro-forma

ii) Certificate of Originality duly signed by the Student and the Guide
(Pro-forma enclosed) If any Project Report is received in the absence of
the above, the same will be returned to the students for compliance.

3) Mention on the top of the envelop “PROJECT REPORT- MSF 25”

4) Students should keep a copy of the Project Report with them. The submitted

Project Report will not be returned to the student.

76 M.B.A - Hospital Administration

 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

MSF -25
Project Proposal No. ________________
(To be assigned by the School)
PROFORMA FOR APPROVAL OF PROJECT PROPOSAL

Enrolment No. ________________

Learner Support Centre Code No: ________________

Name and Address of the Student:

Title of the Project:
(Should be within Subject Area)
Name of the Guide:
Designation:

Office Residence

Address with Phone No:

No. of the Students currently
Working under the Guide for MBA Degree:

Signature of the Student Signature of Guide With seal

Date ………………….

Please do not forget to enclose the synopsis of the project and the Bio-data
of the Guide. In case thecomplete and signed Bio-Data of the Guide (Even
if the proposed guide is an academic counsellor of TNOU’s Management
Programme) is not enclosed, the proposal will not be entertained.
SYNOPSIS SUPERVISOR
APPROVED APPROVED
NOT APPROVED NOT APPROVED

(For Office Use only)

(SIGNATURE OF THE FACULTY)

DATE ………………….
Comments / Suggestions for reformulation of the Project.
M.B.A - Hospital Administration 77
 TAMIL NADU OPEN UNIVERSITY
School of Management Studies
Chennai-15

BIO-DATA OF THE PROPOSED GUIDE FOR MBA PROJECT WORK

PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME (in block letters) :

Date of Birth & Age :

Sex :

Academic Qualification :

Official Address :

Phone No. and e-mail id :

DETAILS OF EMPLOYMENT

Designation :

Field of Specialisation :

Others (Specify) _______________________
Teaching Experience (in years) :

Industrial Experience (in years) :

I _____________________________do hereby accept to guide Mr/Ms

____________________________ the student of the MBA Programme of the
Tamil Nadu Open University, Saidapet, Chennai – 600 015.

Signature of the Student Signature of the Guide with seal

78 M.B.A - Hospital Administration