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1) For each of the real functions below, answer the following questions:
 What is the domain of the function?
 What is the range of the function?
 Is the function injective?
 Is the function surjective (when the codomain is ℝ)?
 Is the function bijective?
a. ( ) = − 1 Answer: Domain: ℝ; Range: ℝ; both injective, surjective and bijective.
How to find this answer:

 Since all real numbers are allowed as input, the domain is ℝ.

 Since = − 1 has a solution for all ∈ ℝ (namely = + 1), the range of the
function is ℝ.
 We show that the function is injective by showing that ( ) = ( ) ⇔ = :
 ( )= ( )⇔ −1 = −1⇔ = .
 The function is surjective since the range is equal to the codomain.
 The function is bijective since it is both injective and surjective.
b. ( )= + 1 Answer: Domain: ℝ; Range: ℝ ; neither injective, surjective or bijective.
How to find this answer:

 Since all real numbers are allowed as input, the domain is ℝ.

 Since = + 1 only has a solution for ≥ 1 ( = +1⇔ −1= ⇔
± − 1 = , which is only defined for ≥ 1), the range of the function is ℝ .
 The function is not injective since e.g. (1) = (−1).
 The function is not surjective since the range is not equal to the codomain.
 The function is not bijective since it is neither injective and surjective.

c. ( )= Answer: Domain: ℝ; Range: ℝ; both injective, surjective and bijective.

d. ( )= Answer: Domain: ℝ; Range: ℝ; both injective, surjective and bijective.
e. ( )= Answer: Domain: ℝ\{7}; Range: ℝ \{0}; injective; not surjective or bijective
f. ( ) = √ + 3 Answer: Domain: ℝ ; Range: ℝ ; injective; not surjective or bijective.
g. ( )=| | Answer: Domain: ℝ; Range: ℝ ; neither injective, surjective or bijective.

2) Find the composition ∘ of ( ) = 3 + 1 and ( ) = .

Answer: ( ∘ )( ) = ( ) = (3 + 1) = (3 + 1) = 9 +1+6 .

3) Consider the functions ( ) = + 1 and ( ) = .

a. Find the composite function ∘ . What is the domain and range of this function?
Answer: ( ∘ )( ) = ( ) = = +1= +1
b. Find the composite function ∘ . What is the domain and range of this function?
Answer: ( ∘ )( ) = ( ) = ( + 1) =
1) Consider the following function
6
( )=
5−
a) Determine the domain and range of .
Answer: Domain: ℝ\{5}; Range = ℝ\{0}
b) Show that the function is bijective by finding its inverse.
Answer: ( )=5−
c) Verify the result obtained in b) by finding the composition between and its inverse
Answer: ( ) =
d) Determine the domain and range of .
Answer: Domain: ℝ\{0}; Range: ℝ\{5}

4) Fill in the blanks

a. log 5 + log 8 = log _____ Answer: 40
b. log 36 − log 4 = log _____ Answer: 9
c. log(5 ) = 2 · log _____ Answer: 5
d. log(7 ) = _____ log 7 Answer: 3
e. log 13 = log _____ Answer: √13
f. log 48 = log 6 + log _____ Answer: 8
g. log = log 20 − log _____ Answer: 40

5) Write each of the following expressions using a single exponent:

a. ⋅ Answer:
b. 2 ⋅ 2 Answer: 2
c. ( ) Answer:
√
d. 10 Answer: 10
e. 10√ Answer: 10 √

6) Determine
a. when ( ) = 4 and ( ) = 7.98 Answer: = 0.345
b. when ( ) = 3 ln(5 ) − 2 ln and ( ) = 7 Answer: = 8.77
7) Find the inverse of the function ( ) = ln(3 + ). Verify your result.
Answer: We solve = ln(3 + ) for : = ln(3 + )⇔ =3+ ⇔ −3= ⇔
( ) ( )
ln( − 3) = 2 ⇔ = . So ( )= .

8) Determine the domain and range of the following functions:

a. ( ) = −2 log( + 3) Answer: Domain: ℝ ; range: ℝ
b. ( ) = log(3 − 2 ) Answer: Domain: < ; range: ℝ
c. ( ) = log ( ) Answer: Domain: ℝ∗ ; range: ℝ
d. ( ) = ln( − 4) Answer: Domain: { ∈ ℝ| < −2 ∨ > 2}; range: ℝ
e. ( ) = ln(3 ) Answer: Domain: > 0; range: ℝ
f. ( ) = 4 log (3 + 5) Answer: Domain: > − ; range: ℝ
9) Consider the function
( ) = log ( + 1)

a) Determine the domain and range of .

Answer: Domain: ℝ ; Range: ℝ.
b) Show that the function is bijective by showing that it is both injective and surjective.
Answer:
1) We show that the function is injective by showing that ( ) = ( ) ⇔ = : ( )=
( ) ⇔ log ( + 1) = log ( + 1) ⇔ 2 ( )
=2 ( )
⇔ +1= +1⇔ = .
2) We show that the function is surjective by showing that = ( ) has a solution for all values
of in the codomain: = log ( + 1) ⇔ = 2 − 1, which is defined for all values of ∈ ℝ.
c) Find the inverse function, ( ). Verify your result.
Answer: ( ) = 2 − 1. We verify this by checking if ( ∘ )( ) = : ( ) =
(2 − 1) = log (2 − 1 + 1) = log (2 ) = .

10) Consider the function : ℝ → ℝ given by

( )=

a) Determine the domain and range of .

Answer: Domain: ℝ. Range: ℝ .
b) Show that the function is bijective by showing that it is both injective and surjective.
Answer:
1) The function is injective since ( ) = ( ) ⇔ = ⇔⋯⇔ = .
2) The function is surjective since = ( ) has a solution for all values of in the codomain: =
, which is defined for all values of ∈ℝ .
c) Find the inverse function, ( ). Verify your result.
( )
Answer: ( )= .( ∘ )( ) = = .