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Lecture-3 Sources of Bioelectric Potential

Bioelectric potentials are voltages produced by electrochemical activity in cells. Certain excitable cells like nerve and muscle cells maintain a resting potential across their semi-permeable membranes due to ion concentration differences. When a cell is excited, sodium ions rush in causing depolarization, reversing the potential. The cell then repolarizes as sodium is pumped out and potassium back in, producing an action potential that can propagate along the cell to transmit signals. Transducers convert these ionic potentials into electrical signals that provide information about physiological functions.

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218 views13 pages

Lecture-3 Sources of Bioelectric Potential

Bioelectric potentials are voltages produced by electrochemical activity in cells. Certain excitable cells like nerve and muscle cells maintain a resting potential across their semi-permeable membranes due to ion concentration differences. When a cell is excited, sodium ions rush in causing depolarization, reversing the potential. The cell then repolarizes as sodium is pumped out and potassium back in, producing an action potential that can propagate along the cell to transmit signals. Transducers convert these ionic potentials into electrical signals that provide information about physiological functions.

Uploaded by

Murali krishnan.M
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sources of Bioelectric potential

1
Sources of Bioelectric potentials
• The systems in the human body generate their own
monitoring signals when they carry out their functions.

• These signals provide useful information about their


function.

• Bioelectric potentials are actually ionic voltages produced


as a result of electro chemical activity of certain cell.

• Transducers are used to convert these ionic potentials in


to electrical signals

2
Resting and Action potentials
• Certain types of cells within the body , such as nerve
and muscle cells are encased in a semi permeable
membrane.

• This membrane permits some substances to pass


through while others are kept out.

• Surrounding the cells of the body are the body fluids

• These fluids are conductive solutions containing


charged atoms known as ions

3
Resting potentials
• The principle ions are sodium(Na+) Potassium(K+) and
chloride(C-)

• The membrane of excitable cells permit entry of


Potassium(K+) and chloride(C-) ions but blocks the entry of
sodium(Na+) ions.
• So inside the cell is more negative than outside cell

• This membrane potentials is called Resting potentials

• This potential is measured from inside the cell with respect


to body fluids.
• So resting potential of a cell is negative.

4
Resting potentials/Polarization
• This resting potential ranging from -60mv to
-100 mv.
• Cell in the resting state is called polarized
cell.

5
6
Depolarization of cell
• When a cell is exited, the membrane change its
characteristic.

• The sodium ions are rushed in to the cell.

• At the same time potassium ions try to move


from inside.

• After a equilibrium state is reached, the sodium


is moved back to outside

7
Na+
Cell Membrane
Na+ Na+
K+
K+
K+
Na+ K+

K+ Na+
K+

Na+ K+ K+
Na+
Na+

8
Action potentials

Cell Membrane

V 20 mV

Ground

9
Repolarization
• Cell comes from depolarized state in to
polarized state and is called Repolarization.

10
Resting and Action potentials

11
Propagation of Action potentials
• When a cell is exited and generates an action
potential ionic currents tend to flow.
• This process excites neighboring cells or
adjacent area of the same cell

12
References
• 1.Leslie Cromwell, Fred J, Weibell & Erich A
and P Feiffer, ‘Biomedical Instrumentation and
Measurements’, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2011.
• 2. R. S. Khandpur, ‘Handbook of Biomedical
Instrumentation’, Tata Mc-Graw Hill, 2nd
edition, 2014.
• 3.John.E. Hall, Guyton and Hall, Textbook of
Medical Physiology, Saunders; 13th Edition,
2015.

13

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