International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Modelling, Analysis and Design of a Multi-Story Building by Using

Building Information Modelling (BIM) Approach
Mr. Hamzah Sabah Jebur
M-tech Civil Engineering (Structural Engineering), VIIT, Pune, India.
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Abstract - In the current paper, Building Information BIM tools (software) to be ready for scheduling, drafting and
Modelling (BIM) approach presents by modelling, analysis and construction. The BIM deals with any software in this field as
design G+5 building. The paper illustrates the strength of BIM a tool only, and the users have to use these tools carefully to
tools in 3D modelling and analysis as well as design, where come up with high quality and efficiency. The 2D drawing is
these software are able to understand the input as a structural not enough to understand all details of a structure, and it
member, not only lines or areas. Three different software had takes a lots of time to show some important detailing, this
used with a good integration between them. The paper problem forced the engineers to try finding good tools to
demonstrates that the software are just tools to come up with avoid all 2D drawing problems. For example, by using Revit
a good result, high efficiency and proper construction with software, the engineers are able to find the problems and
lesser difficulties and mistakes, because BIM is not limited in solve it before construction, and the client or owner is able to
some tools. Indian Standard I.S 456-2000 had used for design see the looking and view of the structure, and the manager
purposes, and checking the design results of the software. The will be able to deal with the structure easier. The structural
beams, columns had been designed by Robot Structural analysis and design software which are working by the
Analysis (RSA) Professional software, while the structural and concept of BIM are many, and one of them is Robot Structural
architectural model had been done by Autodesk Revit. Analysis (RSA) Professional from Autodesk company. This
Scheduling of columns and beams is done for this work. software has a very good integration with Autodesk Revit
(software from Autodesk company, it is used for 3D
Key Words: BIM, RCC structure, 3D Modelling, Structural modelling and scheduling for Architecture, Structure, and
Analysis and Design, I.S 456-2000, Architectural MEP modelling). RSA Professional is used in analysis and
Modelling. design for deferent type of structures. The software has many
design codes for steel structures as well as RCC structures
1. INTRODUCTION even some codes for design timber structures. In this
software, it is possible to design steel and RC column and
beam with good details, also the design of footing and raft
The building information modelling (BIM) has many different
foundation is available, as well as slabs. In 2015, Autodesk
definitions, and every definition has a specific meaning. The
added wind load simulation, and CFD modelling in RSA
BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional
Professional, where the software takes care the calculation of
characteristics of a facility (1). BIM is not a new technology in
wind pressure on building and show the pressures on
the capital facilities industry, where it was under different
members. In this paper, the strength of BIM is shown by
terms such as product model, virtual building, and intelligent
modelling, analysis, and design a G+5 building under vertical
object model, and these technologies have been found and
load only, because the object of this work is to show the
used for over twenty years (2). In Building Information
integration between tools of BIM and how BIM safe time and
Modelling Belgian Guide for The Construction Industry (3),
cost.
there are two definitions for BIM, one of them means, the BIM
is a process, which can be done by more than one engineer by 2. Description the RCC members and materials
doing the work together as a team, by that, the number of
errors will be decreased and the construction will be faster, The building has parking and 5 stories. The parking height is
because the exchange of information (data and geometry) 3.5 m and the other stories having height 3m, so the total
and collaborate is faster with high efficiency so that will height is 18.5m with area 207 m2 in every story. The cross-
produce less waste. And the second definition means, BIM is a section of columns and beams is deferent due to the
deferent software platform which allowed the working team deference of load value on these members. The size of used
to understand the information and detailing of a project by columns was (250x450, 250x300 and 250x500) mm2 unit,
knowing the properties of every element in the 3D model. where the size of beams was (250x400 and 300x500) mm2.
Also BIM can be defined as a 3D modelling of a project And the slab thickness was 150 mm. The M25 concrete grade
including all the project components with links to all the has been assumed for all beams and slabs, while M30 grade
required information connected with the project’s for all columns. The steel grade was assumed 415 MPa for
construction or process planning, and decommissioning. So main reinforcement, and 250 MPa or 330 MPa for secondary
based on above definitions, it can be realized that BIM is reinforcement. The design code which has been used was I.S
applicable in various field in the lifecycle of a project, and one 456-2000. The architectural model is shown in Fig.1 by using
of them is the phase of analysis and design a project by using
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4440
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Autodesk Revit, and the structural modelling is shown in the structural model from Revit to RSA, the model has been
Fig.2 by using RSA professional. analyzed under gravity loads only (as the objective of paper
is showing the BIM steps and tools, the load cases were
taken as a simple case, live loads and dead load including
self-weight).

Fig-1: Architectural view of building

Fig -3: Structural model in Autodesk Revit 2017

It is recommended to do verification before staring analysis

to ensure that the structure is ready to analyze.
The load combination was done by using ULS and SLS, as
shown,
ULS= 1.5xDead load + 1.5xLive load
SLS= 1xDead load + 1xLive load
4. THE RESULTS

So after running the software to start analysis, the results

had been shown as in Fig.4
Fig-2: Analytical (structural)model

3. THE METHODOLOGY and PROCESS

In the beginning, the cross-sections of beams, columns and

slabs were assumed, and the structure was modelled in
Autodesk Revit 2017, to show clearly the members and to
ensure the correctness of structural model by comparing the
model with the architectural model which has done also in
Revit. Fig.3 is shown the structural model in Autodesk Revit
2017. After completion the structural model, the model sent
to RSA professional directly. It is worth to note that the
integration between these two software is very good,
because both of them from same company, and both of them
are BIM tools. It is worth noting that, while definition of
beams, columns or any structural member, the Autodesk a. A.F.D of single frame
Revit understands those members as a beam or column and
so on, so that means the analytical model is generated
directly in Autodesk Revit, even the material can be defined
in it before sending to RSA Professional. Then after exporting

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4441
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

6. Materials survey

So this will allow to calculate the estimate quantity and full

understanding the design steps and analysis results. Fig.5 is
shown in details the shear reinforcement and longitudinal
reinforcement in continuous beam. The hooks have been
provided at the end of beam, and not in mid-span of the
continuous beam, so this gives sense that software following
the code recommendations.

b. B.M.D for single frame in building

Fig-5: Beam reinforcement as shown in 3D view

Minimum spacing between the columns and first ties was

kept 5 cm. The Fig.6 is shown the provided reinforcement of
column with showing the dowel reinforcement. It is worth
noting that, the minimum reinforcement has been provided
for this column, where the cross-section of this column is
c. B.M map of slabs at ultimate case (250x500 mm2) and the total reinforcement is 1130.97 mm2,
where, in I.S 456-2000, the minimum reinforcement for
Fig-4: Results of analysis columns is 0.89%.
In RSA professional, it is able to show multi-results once (e.g.
B.M.D and S.F.D), and it becomes easier easy to represent
and understand the behavior of structure. Due to the small
value of loading, almost the columns and beams were
required minimum reinforcement as will be shown in design
part.

5. DESIGN of COLUMNS and BEAMS

By referring I.S 456-2000, the design has been done and

verified. The software is able to give calculation notes with
clear diagram of B.M.D and S.F.D for every beam with
ultimate load case (critical case), even the quantity of
reinforcement and concrete for every member. The
calculation note contains
1. Level, which is including name, reference level, and
environmental case
2. Material properties, geometry, calculation options,
Calculation results (internal forces and diagramme)
3. Required reinforcement Fig-6: RCC column with its provided reinforcement
4. Checking the deflection
5. Reinforcement in detail, then

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4442
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

And as per I.S 456 code the minimum reinforcement for architectural purpose had been done in Autodesk Revit. BIM
beam can be found out by follow below formula is allowed to the designers to check out the model in details
and it shows the design problems before construction, for
example, the designers are able to avoid the common
problems which usually happen in the piping. Where, usually
there are pipes go throughout beams, for that the structural
designer will be able to change the design of beams or ask
the mechanical engineer to find other solutions (these things
Where, As,min the minimum required reinforcement, fy the
can be done in advance level in BIM by finding clash
yielding strength of longitudinal reinforcement, pt the
detection between deferent models). The paper shows a
reinforcement ratio, b and d are width of web and effective
good integration between BIM tools in modelling, designing,
depth of beam respectively. After completion the design of
exporting/ importing, and doing the corrections on models.
all beams and columns, the model is ready to send to
Autodesk Revit to show the total reinforcement for all
members and typical detailing of each member as shown in 8. RECOMMENDATION
Fig.7
1. The developed countries, like USA, UK and others
are based on BIM approach because of its
advantages, so it is a time to develop this technique
in our countries.
2. It is worth noting that, working on BIM, required
strong machines to model and analyse without
getting problems while analysis, and when the
structure is too big, it becomes so difficult to deal
with software, for that there is some solutions, but
still it is advised to use a computer machine with
high properties while working on BIM.
3. It does not matter which software the user is using
for modelling and design, it just required a good
user with engineering sense, and of course the
software should have integration with BIM other
tools.
Fig-7: Reinforcement details as shown in Autodesk Revit
Structure. 9. REFERENCES
After completion the structural detailing and check the
model, the scheduling of materials can be done. Fig.8 is 1. National Building Information Modelling Standard of
shown schedule of columns. United State, Version 1, Part1, 2007
2. BIM project execution planning guide, version 2, 2010.
3. The guide to Building Information Modelling Belgian
Guide for the construction Industry, François Denis,
version 1, 2015.
4. I.S 456-2000
5. Autodesk Revit 2017 help
(https://knowledge.autodesk.com/support/revit-
products/getting-
started/caas/CloudHelp/cloudhelp/2017/ENU/Revit-
GetStarted/files/GUID-7C76AE6F-21C2-4ADB-B1BA-
44E4E29DFDFA-htm.html)
6. Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2017 help
(http://help.autodesk.com/view/RSAPRO/2017/ENU/)
7. Chuck Eastman, Paul Teicholz, Rafael Sacks, and
Fig-8: Columns volumes Kathleen Liston, BIM Handbook, Wiley, 2008.
8. Dr. V. L. Shah, Dr.S. R. Karve, “Limit State Theory and
7. CONCLUSION Design of Reinforced Concrete”, 8th Edition, 2018.
9. S. U. Pillai, Devdas Menon, “Reinforced Concrete Design”,
In the present paper, RCC building had been analyzed and second edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
designed as per I.S 456-2000 by using Autodesk RSA
professional, and the 3D modelling for structural and
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