Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities from 1892 to 1896. During his exile, he established schools, hospitals, farms and other community projects that benefited the residents of Dapitan. He practiced medicine, taught, engaged in business and pursued his scientific, linguistic and artistic interests. He also fell in love with Josephine Bracken, an Irish girl living in Dapitan.
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities from 1892 to 1896. During his exile, he established schools, hospitals, farms and other community projects that benefited the residents of Dapitan. He practiced medicine, taught, engaged in business and pursued his scientific, linguistic and artistic interests. He also fell in love with Josephine Bracken, an Irish girl living in Dapitan.
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities from 1892 to 1896. During his exile, he established schools, hospitals, farms and other community projects that benefited the residents of Dapitan. He practiced medicine, taught, engaged in business and pursued his scientific, linguistic and artistic interests. He also fell in love with Josephine Bracken, an Irish girl living in Dapitan.
Rizal was exiled to Dapitan by the Spanish authorities from 1892 to 1896. During his exile, he established schools, hospitals, farms and other community projects that benefited the residents of Dapitan. He practiced medicine, taught, engaged in business and pursued his scientific, linguistic and artistic interests. He also fell in love with Josephine Bracken, an Irish girl living in Dapitan.
Dapitan, Learning Objectives: At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: 1. Describe the life of Dr. Rizal in Dapitan. Beginning of Exile in Dapitan Cebu – steamer which brought Rizal to Dapitan
Father Pablo Pastells Father Antonio
Rizal could live at parish convent on the ff. conditions “That Rizal publically retract his errors concerning religion and make statements that were clearly pro-Spanish against revolution.
“That he perform the church rites and
make a general confession of his past life.
“That henceforth he conduct himself in an
exemplary manner as a Spanish Subject and a man of religion”. The Home of Commandant Carnicero Beginning of Exile in Dapitan
A Don Ricardo Carnicero
poem which Rizal wrote for Captain Carnicero on the occasion of captain’s birthday August 26,1892 WINS IN MANILA LOTTERY Butuan – mail boat which brought the news about Rizal’s winning in the lottery Lottery Ticket No. 9736 P20,000 – lottery prize P6,200 of it was given to Rizal P2,000 of his share he gave to his father and P200 to Basa in Hong Kong, the rest he invested thru purchasing agricultural lands from the coast of Talisay about kilameter away from Dapitan Wins in Manila Lottery Three (3) pesetas – amount Rizal allotted for lottery tickets every month Wins in Manila Lottery
“This was his
first Vice” – commented Wenceslao E. Retana, his first Spanish biographer and former enemy Rizal – Pastells Debate on Religion
The debate started
when Pastells sent Rizal a book by Sarda along with an advice that Rizal should desist from his majaderas (foolishness) in viewing religion from the perspective of individual judgement and self- esteem Rizal – Pastells Debate on Religion The debate can be read in four (4) letters. Rizal was bitter against the friars because they commit abuses under the cloak of religion. Father Pastells tried to bring back to Catholicism Rizal by telling him that human intelligence is limited, thus he needs the guidance of God Behind the debate, Pastells and Rizal were friends as evidently pictured when: 1. Pastells gave Rizal a copy of Imitacion deCristo by Fr. Thomas a Kempis 2. Rizal gave Pastells a bust of St. Paul which he had made Rizal continued to hear mass and celebrate religious events Rizal Challenges a Frenchman to a Duel
Mr. Juan Lardet – a French businessman whom Rizal had a conflict Rizal and Father Sanchez In his aspiration to reconcile Rizal with theChurch, Father Pastells sent to Dapitan:
1.Father Obach, Cura of Dapitan
2.Fr. Jose Vilaclara, Cura of Dipolog 3.Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez, Rizal’s favorite teacher at Ateneo de Manila Estudios sobre la lengua tagala – manuscript which Rizal gave to Sanchez on his birthday (study of the tagalog language) Idyllic Life in Dapitan
Among his family members who
visited Rizal were: 1.His mother 2.His sisters Trinidad, Maria and Narcisa 3.Nephews Teodosio, Estanislao, Mauricio and Prudencio Idyllic Life in Dapitan Rizal built a house by the seashore of Talisay surrounded by fruit trees, a school for boys, and a hospital for his patients. Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy Pablo Mercado – assumed name of the spy who visited Rizal at his house and pretended to be a relative by showing a photo of Rizal and a pair of buttons with the initials P.M. as evidence of kinship. Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy The spy offered to be Rizal’s courier of letters for the patriots in Manila. Rizal became suspicious and wanted to throw the spy outside but considering his values and late hour of the night, he offered the spy to spend the night at his house. The next day, he sent the spy away Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy The spy stayed in Dapitan and spread talks among the people that he was a relative to Rizal. Rizal went to the comandancia and reported the mpostor to Captain Juan Sitges (successor of Carnicero) Sitges ordered Pablo Mercado’s arrest and told Anastacio Adriatico to investigate him immediately. Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy Florencio Namanan a.k.a Pablo Mercado, single and about 30 years old who was hired by the Recollect friars to spy on Rizal’s activities Rizal’s Encounter with the Friar’s Spy The secret mission of Pablo Mercado was not an assassination attempt but espionage only. As Physician in Dapitan As Physician in Dapitan Dona Teodora and Maria lived with Rizal for a year and a half. It is here when Rizal operated his mother’s right eye. Though the operation was successful, his mother had a wound infection after ignoring Rizal’s instruction of not removing the bandages. However, the infection was As Physician in Dapitan Don Ignacio Tumarong Rizal’s patient who was able to see again after his operation; -he paid Rizal P3,000 As Physician in Dapitan Don Florencio Azcarraga rich hacendero of Aklan who was cured of eye ailment, in turn he gave Rizal a cargo of sugar. As Physician in Dapitan Rizal prescribed medicinal plants to his poor patients. Water System for Dapitan Water System for Dapitan As a perito agrimensor (expert surveyor), Rizalapplied his engineering knowledge by constructinga system of waterworks to furnish clean water tothe townspeople Mr. H.F. Cameron – American engineer who praised Rizal for his engineering ingenuity. Community Projects for Dapitan
Rizal had 1.Drained the marshes to get rid of malaria that was infesting Dapitan 2.Equipped the town with lighting system using P500 one of his patients paid him. The lighting system consisted of: a.Coconut oil lamps 3.Beautified the town of Dapitan by remodeling the town plaza and making Rizal as Teacher
Rizal established in Dapitan a
school. It began with 3 pupils who increased to 16 and eventually 21. 16 of his pupils did not pay tuition. Instead of charging them fees, Rizal made them work in his gardens and construction projects. Rizal as Teacher Formal classes were between 2:00 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. He also applied the “emperor” system like that of Ateneo Rizal as Teacher During recess, pupils built fires to drive awayinsects, pruned fruit trees and manured the soil.
Outside class hours, students
had gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, stone-throwing, swimming,arnis and boating Hymn to Talisay -A poem Rizal wrote in honor of Talisay which he made his pupils sing Contributions to Science Rizal sent specimens he found to the museum of Europe especially the Dresden Museum. In turn, he received scientific books and surgical instruments Contributions to Science He had 1.Built up a rich collection of concology (consisting of 346 shells of 203 species) 2.Discovered rare specimens like: a.Draco rizali(a flying dragon) b. Apogonia rizali(a small beetle) c.Rhacophorus rizali(a rare frog) 3.Conducted anthropological, ethnographical, archaeological, geological and geographical studies. Linguistic Studies Continuing his study of languages, Rizal learned in Dapitan: 1.Bisayan 2.Subanum 3.Malay languages Linguistic Studies He knew by that time 22 languages as follows Tagalog, Malay, Ilokano, Hebrew, Bisayan, Sanskrit, Subanum, Dutch, Spanish, Catalan Latin, Italian Greek, Chinese, English, Japanese, French, Portuguese, German, Swedish, Arabic, Russian Artistic Works in Dapitan To pursue his artistic activities, Rizal 1.Contributed paintings to the Sisters of Charity who were preparing the sanctuary of the Holy Virgin 2.Made sketches of persons and things that attracted him in Dapitan Artistic Works in Dapitan 3.Modeled a statuette called “The Mother’s Revenge” to stress the moral of the incident where a puppy of his dog, Syria, was eaten by a crocodile 4.Constructed a statue of a girl called “The Dapitan Girl”, a woodcarving of Josephine Bracken (Rizal’s wife) 5.Made a bust of St. Paul for Father Pastells Rizal as Farmer Rizal acquired total land holdings of 70 hectares where 6,000 hemp plants, 1,000 coconut trees and numerous fruit trees, sugarcane, corn, coffee and cacao were planted. He planned to establish an agricultural colony in Sitio Ponot because it was ideal for raising cacao, coffee, coconuts and cattle. However, this did not materialize due to lack of support from Rizal as Businessman
Ramon Carreon – Rizal’s
business partner in Dapitan Rizal made profitable business ventures in fishing,copra and hemp industries. Hemp industry – Rizal’s most profitable business Rizal as Businessman
Once he shipped 150 bales of hemp to
Manila. He purchased hemp in Dapitan at P7 and 4 reales per picul and he sold it to Manila at P10 and 4 reales. Rizal also engaged in lime manufacturing. Their lime burner had a monthly capacity of more than400 bags of lime Rizal as Businessman
He organized the
Cooperative Association of Dapitan Farmers to break Chinese monopoly Rizal’s Inventive Ability
Among Rizal’s inventions were:
1.Cigarette lighter which he sent as a gift to Blumentritt called “sulpukan” 2.A wooden machine for making bricks “My Retreat” Upon restoring her eyesight, Dona Teodora returned to Manila. Seeing how busy Rizal is, she regretted neglecting her muses. She requested Rizal to write poetry. As a response, Rizal wrote “Mi Retiro” relating his serene life Rizal and Josephine Bracken
the death of Leonor Rivera
left a poignant void in Rizal’s heart. In his loneliness, he met Josephine Rizal and Josephine Bracken
josephine Bracken – Irish girl of sweet eighteen who was born on Hong Kong. Rizal and Josephine Bracken
James Bracken and Elizabeth
Jane MacBride – Josephine’s parents who are both Irish in citizenship Mr. George Taufer – man who adopted Josephine after her mother died of childbirth Rizal and Josephine Bracken
Mr. Taufer became blind so he
sought for an ophthalmic specialist. This is how Josephine and Rizal met. Manuela Orlac – Filipina companion who accompanied Josephine Bracken to Dapitan. Rizal and Josephine Bracken
Rizal and Josephine Bracken
decided to get married but Father Obach refused to marry them without the permission of Bishop of Cebu. Rizal and Josephine Bracken
Hearing of the planned
marriage and unable to endure the thought of losing Josephine, Mr. Taufer tried to commit suicide by cutting off his throat with a razor but Rizal was able to prevent this. Rizal and Josephine Bracken To avoid a tragedy, Josephine accompanied Mr. Taufer back to Manila. Mr. Taufer returned to Hong Kong alone while Josephine stayed with the Rizals in Manila. Having no priests to marry them, Rizal and Josephine married themselves before the eyes of God Rizal and Josephine Bracken
The two were happy for
they were expecting for a baby. However, Rizal played a prank on Josephine making her give birth to an eight-month baby boy. The baby lived for only three hours. He was named “Francisco” in honor of Rizal’s father. Rizal and the Katipunan Pio Valenzuela – emissary to Dapitan in order to inform Rizal of the plan of Katipunan during the meeting at a little river called Bitukang Manok. Venus – steamer Valenzuela boarded to reach Dapitan Rizal and the Katipunan Raymundo Mata – blind man who came withValenzuela to camouflage his mission
Rizal objected Bonifacio’s project because:
1.The people are not ready for a revolution 2.Arms and funds must first be collected before raising the cry of revolution. Volunteers as Military Doctor in Cuba When Cuba was under revolution and raging yellow fever epidemic, Rizal wrote to Governor General Ramon Blanco offering his services as military doctor. Volunteers as Military Doctor in Cuba Governor Blanco later notified Rizal of the acceptance of the offer. The notification came along with an instruction of acquiring first a pass for Manila from the politico-military commander of Dapitan. “The Song of the Traveler”
Upon receiving the
acceptance of his offer to go to Europe then to Cuba to help in the curing of patients suffering yellow fever, he wrote a poem “El Canto del Viajero” Adios, Dapitan España – steamer which brought Rizal to Manila from Dapitan Rizal was accompanied by Josephine, Narcisa, Angelica (Narcisa’s daughter), his three nephews and six pupils. As farewell, the town brass of Dapitan played the dolorous Funeral March of Chopin. He stayed in Dapitan for four years,
(Studies in The History of Modern Science 12) Paul Lawrence Farber (Auth.) - The Emergence of Ornithology As A Scientific Discipline - 1760-1850-Springer Netherlands (1982)
(Studies in The History of Modern Science 12) Paul Lawrence Farber (Auth.) - The Emergence of Ornithology As A Scientific Discipline - 1760-1850-Springer Netherlands (1982)
