Scribd
Upload
92 views4 pages

1 Normal Stress

The document provides examples and explanations of concepts related to stress and normal stress. It defines normal stress as the stress perpendicular to the applied force. It also provides the formula for calculating normal stress and gives examples of how to use the formula and free body diagrams to determine normal stress in different structural elements and materials. The document aims to explain the basic concepts of stress, normal stress, and how to calculate normal stress in axial members.

Uploaded by

DAVE GARLAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
92 views4 pages

1 Normal Stress

The document provides examples and explanations of concepts related to stress and normal stress. It defines normal stress as the stress perpendicular to the applied force. It also provides the formula for calculating normal stress and gives examples of how to use the formula and free body diagrams to determine normal stress in different structural elements and materials. The document aims to explain the basic concepts of stress, normal stress, and how to calculate normal stress in axial members.

Uploaded by

DAVE GARLAN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

 At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

Explain the concepts of stress.


 Compute the normal stress of an axially loaded member of a structure.
RIGID BODIES:
1. Statics
2. Dynamics
Only the external effect of forces acting on a body are considered.
The bodies are assumed perfectly rigid.
(no deformation).
 MECHANICS OF DEFORMABLE BODIES:
 Internal effects of the forces on the body will be considered.
 Deformations will be of great importance.

 The difference between rigid-body mechanics and mechanics of materials:

 In mechanics of materials, the statics solution is extended to include


analysis of the forces acting inside the bar to be certain that the bar will
neither break nor deform excessively.

 SIMPLE STRESSES
Stressis known as the intensity of load per unit area.
Stressis also a measure of the unit strength of a material. 

 NORMAL STRESS:
 The resisting area is perpendicular to the applied force, thus normal.

 NORMAL STRESS:
 Two types of normal stress: 1.Tensile stress
2.Compressive stress

 NORMAL STRESS:
 The normal stress acting at any point on a cross-section is given by the
formula:
 Where:

 NORMAL STRESS:
 The normal stress acting at any point on a cross-section is given by the
formula:
 Units of Stress:

 NORMAL STRESS:
 Although it is relatively easy to use the equation
, determining the load P is usually a challenge.
 As you begin your study of Mechanics of
Materials, review
 the construction of FBD’s
 the number of independent equilibrium equations that are available for
various force systems
 the writing and solving of equilibrium equations

 Example:
 Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded as
shown. Knowing that 𝑑1 =
50𝑚𝑚 and 𝑑2 =30𝑚𝑚 , find the average normal stress at the midsection of (a) rod BC,
(b) rodAC.

 Example:
 The compound bar ABCD consists of three segments, each of a different
material with different dimensions. Compute the stress in each segment when the
axial loads are applied.

 Answer:

 (a) For segment AB:


𝑃𝐴𝐵 = 40𝑘𝑁 (𝐶)

𝝈𝑨𝑩 = 𝟐𝟖. 𝟔 𝑴𝑷𝒂 (𝑪)

 Answer:

 (b) For segment BC:

𝝈𝑩𝑪 = 𝟓. 𝟎𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂 (𝑪)

 Answer:

 (b) For segment CD:

𝝈𝑨𝑩 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟓𝟎 𝑴𝑷𝒂 (𝑻)

 Example:
 The cross-sectional area of each member of the truss is 4.2 in2. Calculate
the stresses in members CD and CF.

 Answer:
 Stress in member CD using joint D:

𝐹𝑦 =0
𝐹𝐶𝐷 −30,000=0
𝝈𝑪𝑫 =𝟏𝟐,𝟖𝟕𝟕𝒑𝒔𝒊(𝑻) 𝑭𝑪𝑫 =𝟓𝟒,𝟎𝟖𝟑.𝟐𝟕𝒍𝒃(𝑻)

 Answer:
 Stress in member CF:

𝑀𝐷 =0
10,0006−𝐹
−𝐹𝝈𝑪𝑭 =𝟐𝟏𝟒𝟔.𝟏𝟔𝒑𝒔𝒊(𝑪)
𝑭𝑪𝑭 =𝟗𝟎𝟏𝟑.𝟖𝟖𝒍𝒃(𝑪)

 Example:
Neglecting the weights of bars OAB and AC, determine the stress in the bar AC.

 Answer:
 FBD for member BAO:
𝑀𝑜 =0
6000 7.5 −𝑃𝐴𝐶 5 =0
𝑷𝑨𝑪 = 𝟔𝟕𝟓𝟎 𝒍𝒃 (𝑻)
𝝈𝑨𝑪 = 𝟏𝟑, 𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒑𝒔𝒊 (𝑻)

 Example:
 A two-member truss supports a block of weight W. The cross-sectional areas of
the members are 800 mm2 for AB and 400 mm2 for AC. Determine the maximum safe value
of W if the working stresses are 110 MPa for AB and 120 MPa for AC.

 Answer:

 Answer:
P = 8.042 kN
𝜎=64𝑘𝑁/𝑚2

 Member AC is subjected to a vertical force of 3kN. Determine the position x


of this force so that the average compressive stress at the smooth support C is
equal to the average tensile stress in the rod. Area of AB is 400𝑚𝑚2 while area of
C is 650𝑚𝑚2.

 Answer:
𝐹𝐴𝐵 =1143𝑁
𝐹𝐶 =1857𝑁 x=124𝑚𝑚

 Example:
 A homogeneous 800 kg bar AB is supported at either end by a cable as shown in
figure . Calculate the smallest area of each cable if the stress is not to exceed
90 MPa in bronze and 120 MPa in steel.

 Example:
 Determine the crosssectional areas of members CD and DE for the truss shown
in the figure. The stresses are not to exceed 20 ksi in tension and 14 ksi in
compression.

 Example:
Axial loads are applied to the compound rod that is composed of an aluminum
segment rigidly connected between steel and bronze segments. What is the stress in
each material given that P=10kN?

 Example:
Two solid cylindrical rods AB and BC are welded together at B and loaded
as shown. Knowing that P = 40 kips, determine the average normal
stress at the midsection of (a) rod AB, (b) rod BC.

 Example:
For the Pratt bridge truss and loading shown, determine the average normal stress
in member BE, knowing that the cross-sectional area of that member is
5.87 in2.

 Example:
 Knowing that the average normal stress in member CE of the Pratt bridge truss
shown must not exceed 21 ksi for the given loading, determine the cross-sectional
area of that member that will yield the most economical and safe design. Assume
that both ends of the member will be adequately reinforced.

 Example:
 The 1000-kg uniform bar AB is suspended from two cables AC and BD
each with cross-sectional area 400mm2. Find the magnitude P and location x of the
largest additional vertical force that can be applied to the bar. The stresses in
ACand BDare limited to 100MPa and 50MPa, respectively.

P = 50:2 kN, x = 602 mm

You might also like