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Assigment 1 of Formal Methods

Formal methods can help solve problems in three key ways: 1. Standardizing formal method usage across the entire software development life cycle can increase skills and improve tools to support more phases. 2. Modeling complex systems like industrial autonomous systems is challenging, but formal methods are beginning to be used even in early development phases. 3. Independent planning models can be combined with code models to verify controllers, leading to greater confidence in complex systems.

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Amir Ali
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57 views3 pages

Assigment 1 of Formal Methods

Formal methods can help solve problems in three key ways: 1. Standardizing formal method usage across the entire software development life cycle can increase skills and improve tools to support more phases. 2. Modeling complex systems like industrial autonomous systems is challenging, but formal methods are beginning to be used even in early development phases. 3. Independent planning models can be combined with code models to verify controllers, leading to greater confidence in complex systems.

Uploaded by

Amir Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME: AMIR ALI

REG.NO: 12474
SUBJECT: FORMAL METHODS
SECTION: CB
TEACHER: RAHEEM ULLAH

ASSIGNMENT NO.01

1) Write minimum three Industrial Application of the Formal Method with


example?

Introduction:

Formal methods and industry are not so often associated in the same sentence as the formers
are not seen as an enabling technology but rather as difficult to apply and linked with
increased costs.In [11], the introduction of the B method and the Event-B language into
several industrial development processes was witnessed with more or less success, even if
new tools and new practices were available to ease acceptance in industry. At that time, these
two formal methods had been backed by a number of research projects and non-trivial
industrial applications. Almost 10 years later, after several real size experiments in diverse
application domains, the situation has slightly evolved. Some standards, like the D0-178C for
aeronautics, are now accepting formal methods in their certification process with sometimes
some restrictions on the perimeter where they are applied (unit testing replaced by unit proof
for example). The newborn ISO 26262 automotive functional safety standard is also
recommending the use of formal methods during development. On the opposite side, the
Common Criteria 3.1 standard (compared to its version 2.3) has decreased the need for
formal methods that are now only required at level 6+ and higher (instead of 5+ previously)
while the maximum security is reached at level 7 (EAL). However, even if the standards
have made some room for them, these methods haven’t spread much out of the railway
sphere as it might have been expected. Their usage though have slightly evolved over the
years as a reaction to industry needs in direct relation with fierce international competition.

EXAMPLES:
1. Standardizing formal methods utilization in all phases of the Software Development Life
Cycle (SLDCs) • Will increase the number of people with skills in Formal Methods •
Requires formalizing domain-specific knowledge across the field of IAS's • Improving
Formal Methods tools to support more phases of the SLDC. • Current tools often only
support a single phase (requirements, design, verification, etc..) • Requires more
formalization in model transformations between different modeling frameworks. (Between
development frameworks and verification frameworks)

2. Surprisingly, the majority of IAS systems surveyed in 2019 by Patil et. al were low TRL
(TRL 3-6) systems, indicating that formal methods usage is currently utilized in only
marginally robust systems Reasons The methods and tools utilize formol method raclette e
high learning curve and expert silkier The more complex the system, the more difficult it is
to model Lack of formal method fool support Not surprisingly, among IASs, the testing
phase (and specifically the verification phase) of the SIDC most heavily utilizes formal
methods. • Other phases could also greatly benefit from Formal Methods (requirements,
development etc..)

3. In addition to verifying the code that operate in a PLC some research is also modeling the
plan • The benefit of such a model is that fore clothes for UML ding Source code used to
verify the controller Talan model checking modelling verification included a plein A
controller model was generated change 2000 Control An independent plan model make from
UML model model diagram . Both models combined in a soused Umzing the System
Requirements Model Checking performed on the system Machine • Utilizing an Independent
Plan Model in place of specific Test sequences leads to greater confidence in the system as
Diagram of Work from , were a whole (as test sequences con often be tailored to the plan
controller models were combined controller model)

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2) Why should we use formal method in software engineering? Discuss two


Problem solving method, explain each and every point of the problem
solving with example?

Formal methods are intended to systematize and introduce rigor into all the phases of
software development. This helps us to avoid overlooking critical issues, provides a standard
means to record various assumptions and decisions, and forms a basis for consistency among
many related activities.

1. Define the problem For example • Differentiate fact from opinion • Specify underlying
causes • Consult each faction involved for information • State the problem specifically •
Identify what standard or expectation is violated • Determine in which process the
problem lies • Avoid trying to solve the problem without data
2. Generate alternative solutions for example • Postpone evaluating alternatives initially •
Include all involved individuals in the generating of alternatives • Specify alternatives
consistent with organizational goals • Specify short- and long-term alternatives •
Brainstorm on others' ideas • Seek alternatives that may solve the problem

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