1st INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM on

CHARACTERIZATION
OCTOBER 8-9, 2021

Abstract Book

EDITORS
Prof. Dr. Atilla EVCIN
Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Gunes

Publication Date: 08.10.2021

2
Davetli Konuşmacılar Üniversite/Kurum Sunum Başlığı

Christian-Albrechts- Single source precursor

University, Institute of approach for functional
Prof. Dr. Cenk Materials Science, Kiel, nanomaterials
AKTAŞ Germany

University of Southern Tetrapods based smart

Denmark, Mads materials for advanced
Prof. Dr. Yogendra
Clausen Institute, technologies
Kumar MISHRA NanoSYD, Denmark

Sabancı Üniversitesi, Identifying defect

Malzeme Bilimi ve contributions to
Prof. Dr. Burç
Mühendisliği, Türkiye structural phase
MISIRLIOĞLU transitions: Bulk
properties vs. thin films

Acıbadem Üniversitesi, Characterising the

Tıp Mühendisliği potential of
Doç. Dr. Fabienne
Bölümü, Türkiye phthalocyanines for
DUMOULIN photodynamic therapy

NED University of Electrical and magnetic

Engineering and properties of strontium
Technology, titanate based ceramics
Doç. Dr. Fayaz Department of
HUSSAIN Materials Engineering,
Pakistan

3
4
 COMMITTEES

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Igor Gennadievich SIZOV, East-Siberian State University of Technology, Russia

Prof. Dr. German Anibal Rodriguez CASTRO, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico

Prof. Dr. Michal KULKA, Poznan University of Technology, Poland

Prof. Dr. Mourad KEDDAM, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algeria

Prof. Dr. Danute Vaičiukynienė-Palubinskaitė, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania

Prof. Dr. Beata Podkościelna PODKOSCIELNA, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Poland

Prof. Dr. Rabia ALMAMLOOK, Western Michigan University, USA

Prof. Dr. Nodar LEKISHVILI, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia

Prof. Dr. Karima Akool AL-SALİHİ, Al Muthanna University, Iraq

Prof. Dr. Kaveh Ostad-Ali-ASKARI, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Iran

Prof. Dr. Svetlana Velkova Lilkova-Markova, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and
Geodesy, Bulgaria

Assoc. Prof. Bassam TAYEH, Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine

Dr. Avinash Lakshmikanthan, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India

Dr. Vijay Kumar S, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India

Dr. Manjunath Patel G C, PES Institute of Technology and Management, India

Dr. Fatma Mourgan, Sohar University, Oman

Dr. İhsan Murat KUŞOĞLU, Duisburg-Essen University, Germany

Dr. Vijay Kumar S, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India

Dr. Manjunath Patel G C, PES Institute of Technology and Management, India

Dr. Avinash Lakshmikanthan, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India

Dr. Eng. Massimo ROGANTE, Rogante Engineering Office, Italy

Prof. Dr. Erol KAM, Yıldız Teknik University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ender SARIFAKIOĞLU, Çankırı Karatekin University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Bahri ERSOY, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Tayfun UYGUNOĞLU, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Osman GENÇEL, Bartın University, Turkey

5
Prof. Dr. Adem ÇİÇEK, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Galip İÇDUYGU, Giresun University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Betül TAŞDELEN, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Bülent AKTAŞ, Harran University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ahmet APAYDIN, Giresun University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Atila Gürhan ÇELİK, Giresun University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Hilmi YURDAKUL, Dumlupınar University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Cemal ÇARBOĞA, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Mustafa ULUTAN, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Nalan Çiçek BEZİR, Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Eren KÖMÜRLÜ, Giresun University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Zahide Bayer ÖZTÜRK, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Aytekin HİTİT, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Süleyman AKPINAR, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Özgür YAZICI, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Fuat KARA, Düzce University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Zeki Ünal YÜMÜN, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Turkey

Assoc. Prof. Soner SAVAŞ, Erciyes University, Turkey

Dr. Çetin ÖZTÜRK, Necmettin Erbakan University, Turkey

Dr. Ömer Saltuk BÖLÜKBAŞI, İskenderun Teknik University, Turkey

Dr. Mustafa KOCABAŞ, Konya Teknik University, Turkey

Dr. İsmail YILDIZ, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Dr. Erman DUMAN, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Dr. Kadir AKGÖL, Giresun University, Turkey

Dr. Ali ERÇETİN, Bingöl University, Turkey

6
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Atilla EVCİN, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Prof. Dr. İbrahim GÜNEŞ, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Atila Gürhan ÇELİK, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Soner SAVAŞ, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Ayşe KALEMTAŞ, Bursa Teknik University, Bursa, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Harun GÜNEY, Ibrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Ali GÜNEN, Iskenderun Tecnical University, Iskenderun, Turkey

Doç. Dr. Ziya Özgür YAZICI, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey

Prof. Dr. Ilker Bekir TOPÇU, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye

Prof. Dr. Bahri ERSOY, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Dr. Yasemin TABAK, TUBITAK MAM, Gebze, Turkey

Dr Zeynep TASLICUKUR OZTURK, National Defence University, Istanbul

Prof. Dr. Mourad KEDDAM, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algeria

Prof. Dr. Beata Podkościelna PODKOSCIELNA, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Poland

Prof. Dr. Svetlana Velkova Lilkova-Markova, University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and
Geodesy, Bulgaria

Dr. Vijay Kumar S, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India

Prof. Dr. Michal KULKA, Poznan University of Technology, Poland

Prof. Dr. Kaveh Ostad-Ali-ASKARI, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Iran

Prof. Dr. Rabia ALMAMLOOK, Western Michigan University, USA

Prof. Dr. Nodar LEKISHVILI, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia

SEKRETERYA

Oğuzhan EVCİN

Abdullah ALAWADHI

Nuriye KALKMAZ

Ebru ÖZKARA

7
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

INVESTIGATION OF GREEN COMPRESSION STRENGTH AND GREEN SHEAR STRENGTH IN

GREEN SAND MOULD USING ANT HILL SLIT AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF FOUNDRY
SAND USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

Prasad Chandran N 1, Manoj D. Naik 2, Manjunath Patel GC 3, Avinash Lakshmikanthan 4, Ganesh R. Chate 2
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management, Manglore 590006,
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi 590018, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi 590006, Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belagavi 590018, India
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, PES Institute of Technology and Management, Shivamoga,
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi 590018, India.
4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology,Bengaluru, Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belagavi 590018, India.

Abstract

In sand casting foundry, quality of sand mould is very important to get a high-quality casting. The present work is
focussed on partial replacement of foundry sand by Ant hill clay (slit) and also to get good sand mould properties
which in turn will give defect free castings. The, responses such as green compression strength (GCS), green shear
strength (GSS), mould hardness number and permeability were studied. The factors considered for
experimentation were Ant hill to Sand ratio (Ant hill quantity in terms of Percentage weight of sand), number of
strokes, water quantity and coal dust. Experiments were carried out using central composite design of response
surface methodology which is a part of Design of Experiments. Two replicates were done and also randomization
and blocking is implemented during experimentation. The optimization is carried out to maximise GCS, Green
Shear Stregth. The multi-objective optimization is done to get a same settings for both GCS and GSS.Thus obtained
settings of factors were not there in experimental desig matrix, hence the confirmation tests wereconducted. The
five confirmation test were carried out and the average Green Compression stregth was 1502gms/cm 2, the optimum
level of GSS average valve of Green Shear Shtregth was 356gm/cm2 because of the conflection requirements of
both GCS and GSS, multi objectives optimization is done by using discribable function approach and level for this
average values 1373 gms/cm2 and 335gms/cm2.From optimized levels, 15% of sand can be replaced with ant hill
clay without the need of bentonite.

Keywords: Sand Casting, Cental Composite Design, Ant Hill Slit, Green Compression Strength, Design of
Experiments, Optimization.

8
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF AXIALLY LOADED NANOBEAMS RESTING ON A ROTATIONAL

ELASTIC FOUNDATION

Svetlana Lilkova-Markova 1*, Dimitar Lolov 2

1
University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Hydraulic Engineering, Departmant of
Technical Mechanics, Sofia, Bulgaria
2
University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Hydraulic Engineering, Departmant of
Technical mechanics, Sofia, Bulgaria

Abstract

A nanobeam with a static scheme of a simply supported beam was investigated. It rests along its entire length on
a rotary elastic foundation. The cross section of the nanobeam is circular. The nanobeam is loaded axially with a
compressive force. The nonlocal theory of elasticity is applied. A parametric study was performed to obtain the
buckling force for different values of the radius of the cross section and the rigidity of the rotational foundation.

Keywords: Nanobeam, Nonlocal Theory, Buckling Force, Rotational Elastic Foundation.

9
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

TENSILE CHARACTERIZATION OF GLASS FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS

WITH STRAIN GAUGE AND VIRTUAL EXTENSOMETER

Muhsin Alçı 1*, Recep Güneş 2

1
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü, Niğde, Türkiye
2
Erciyes Üniversitesi Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü, Kayseri, Türkiye

Abstract

Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) materials have become the indispensable basic materials of many industries due
to their low weight and high strength today. As a result, intensive studies are carried out on the characterization of
these materials and the development of material models. FRC materials are subjected to many characterization
tests for different material models developed due to their anisotropic structures. The most basic of these are tensile
tests. In order to determine the deformation in tensile tests, strain gauges specially produced for FRC materials are
generally used. The use of strain gauges can be quite laborious and expensive in characterization studies. Although
strain gauges are essential for some application areas, the measurement of strain with the Digital Image Correlation
(DIC) method is becoming widespread for tests that can be imaged with the help of a camera today. In the DIC
method, measurements can be made on uneven surfaces by taking images with more than one camera at the same
time (stereo cameras) by calibrating the cameras. However, since a flat surface can be obtained on the composite
in the tensile test, accurate results can be obtained by positioning a single camera directly opposite the
measurement surface. In this study; Tensile tests of glass fiber reinforced composites produced by vacuum assisted
resin infusion method was carried out according to ASTM D3039 tensile test standard, both with the help of strain
gauges and with the help of virtual extensometer using DIC method with a single camera. The results show that a
virtual extensometer can be used instead of a strain gauge in tensile tests of fiber-reinforced composites.

Keywords : Fiber Reinforced Composites, Tensile Characterization, Strain Gauges, Virtual Extensometers

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

10
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

EFFECT OF CURING METHODS ON THE MECHANICAL STRENGTH AND DURABILITY OF

PREFABRICATED CONCRETES INTENDED FOR ALGER MARITIME QUAY

Ben Ammar Ben Khadda 1

1
Mohamed Khider University, Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Department, Biskra, Algeria

Abstract

Sustainability nowadays occupies a decisive position in the new European normative context on concrete and
which requires an effective control of all the factors likely to affect its behavior over time. The influence of
atmospheric curing methods by solar energy on the mechanical strength for prefabricated concrete elements
Intended for maritime quay was investigated. An experimental program was carried out to study in parallel the
effect of water/cement ratio (0.4, 0.5 and 0.6), the influence of cement type and the influence of curing methods
(four methods of curing were used: water curing, air curing, steam curing at 29°C and steam curing at 45°C) on
the compressive strength of samples concrete. Six similar formulations of workability are made from ordinary
Portland cement (CEM I 42.5) and a compound cement (CEM II/B 42.5), three of each type are studied. The results
obtained demonstrate the beneficial effect of a steam curing procedure to achieve high compression, especially in
the early curing ages, and that these concrete at all ages are durable and protected from any degradation.

Keywords : Concrete , Curing Methods, Solar Energy, Mechanical Strength, Durability.

11
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

NEUTRON BEAM ANALYSIS OF AGING AND CREEP PROCESSES IN MATERIALS AND PARTS
FROM DECOMMISSIONING OF NUCLEAR FACILITIES

Massimo ROGANTE 1*
1
Studio D’ingegneria Rogante, Contrada San Michele, n. 61 62012 Civitanova Marche (MC) Italy

Abstract

Lifetime extension and safety conditions of a Nuclear Facility (NF) are key issues and a deep knowledge of the
ageing and creep processes related to the involved materials is fundamental to guarantee high levels of reliability
and to deal with severe natural and plant–centred occurrences. The investigations conventionally used in this case,
including non-destructive techniques (NDT) and in-service inspections required by the codes, can present a lack
of information. The data obtained, therefore, need to be complemented.

NFs decommissioning is an important opportunity to get materials and parts submitted for various years to ageing
and degradation, allowing new diagnostic activities helpful to suggest eventual additional measures for the
installation of new components or in planning a postponed decommissioning, in order to enhance dependability
and safety.

Neutron beam techniques (NBT) have lately become a progressively more helpful support in the non–destructive
and non-invasive characterisation of industrial materials and parts of nuclear/traditional interests, and there are
positive recommendations to use neutron methods for reactor materials’ control. Applications of neutron-based
methods, furthermore, have been developed in a variety of new sectors.

In this paper, ageing processes occurring in the NFs field are briefly introduced as well as a short description of
some examples of applications. The obtainable results, associated with knowledge of nature and features of
materials’ damages, assist to understand the trends of materials fracture and evaluate a latent picture of preliminary
degradation processes leading to any fast crash of material, including eventual period of inoperability prior to the
NF decommissioning.

Keywords : Neutron Beam, Nuclear Facilities.

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

12
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

TETRAPODS BASED SMART MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES

Reza Abolhassani 1, Fateme Mirsafi 1, Horst-Günter Rubahn 1, Yogendra Kumar Mishra 1

1
Smart Materials, NanoSYD, Mads Clausen Institute,
1
University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, 6400, Sønderborg, DENMARK

Abstract

Considering the size dependent utilization complexities of nanoscopic dimensions towards real applications, the
focus of nanomaterials community is merging to three-dimensional (3D) form of materials which are built out
interconnected nanostructures. This talk will briefly introduce the importance of complex shaped nanostructures
towards smart 3D nanomaterials structuring. A simple flame based single step approach was developed for
synthesizing zinc oxide tetrapods which demonstrated many applications in different technologies. These tetrapods
have been used as building blocks to construct highly porous interconnected 3D nanonetworks in form of flexible
ceramics which offer further new application avenues. Additionally, these 3D networks have been utilized as
sacrificial templates to develop hollow tetrapodal 3D networks from almost any desired material, carbons, nitrides,
oxides, polymers, hydrogels, etc. The sacrificial template-based strategy offers new and unique opportunities in
the direction of 3D nanomaterials engineering and accordingly advanced technological applications. Some
examples of 3D nanomaterials engineering will be demonstrated alongwith their applications [1-10]. The scopes
of 3D nanostructuring based smart materials in sensing, electronics, optoelectronics, energy, and biomedical
engineering will be briefly highlighted in the talk.

Keywords: Smart materials; Tetrapods, Hybrid Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

13
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

GROWTH OF IRON DIBORIDE LAYER ON SAE 1020 STEEL BY FOUR APPROACHES

Mourad Keddam 1*
1
University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux, Bab-
Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria

Abstract

The pack-boriding kinetics of SAE 1020 steel has been studied through utilizing four mathematical approaches in
case of the formation of iron diboride layers. For each model, the values of boron diffusivity in Fe 2B in the range
of 850 to 950°C with incubation times included. Finally, the models were put to the test by comparing the predicted
results to the simulated values of Fe2B layer thickness determined at 925°C for 6 hours.

Keywords : Boriding, Iron Diboride, Kinetics, Activation Energy, Diffusion Models.

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

14
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

HYDROPHOBIC COATING WITH SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE ON TITANIUM METAL SUBSRATE

Najran Mohammed Nasser Hosrom 1* , Atilla Evcin2

1
22 may street apt:1 No:5 Amran, Yemen
2
Afyon Kocatepe University, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Abstract

The wettability of solid surfaces is an important topic in material science and fundamental research. Because of
their numerous potential applications, intensive research have been done in recent years. The sol-gel process is an
extensively used method to prepare the various coating and films because it has a many advantage according to
other film formation methods, such as low temperature processing, easy coating of large surfaces, good adhesion
ability to surface of film or coating, homogeneous oxide film formation, and adjustment of film composition and
porosity. In this study, it was tried to create a hydrophobic coating on Ti (titanium) metal substrate with Sol-gel
technique. In the preparation of the coating solution, tetraethoxy silane - TEOS (C8 H20 O4 Si), Ethanol (C2 H6
0), Purified water, Nitric Acid (HNO3) were used. Coating solution was applied on metal surface by dip coating
method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM LEO 1430 VP model) was used to examine the microstructure of
the obtained products. Attention ThetaLite 101 contact angle measuring device was used to determine the wetting
properties of the prepared nanocomposite surfaces.

Keywords : Coating, Sol-gel, Contact Angle

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

15
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

HAVA ARAÇLARINDA KULLANILAN HİBRİT TAKVİYELİ EPOKSİ KOMPOZİTLERİN

ÜRETİMİ VE MEKANİK ÖZELLİKLERİ

Mürsel Ekrem 1*
1
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversite, Makine Mühendisliği Bölüm, Konya, Türkiye

Özet

Bu çalışmada, ağırlıkça % 0.25 Çok Cidarlı Karbon Nanotüp (ÇCKNT) ile ağırlıkça farklı oranlarda (% 0.25, 0.5
ve 0.75) nanoSiO2 parçacıklı epoksi esaslı nanokompozitlerin üretimi ve mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. ASTM
D638-10 standardına göre üretimi yapılan epoksi esaslı hibrid nanokompozitlerin çekme numuneleri sabit çekme
hızında çekme testine tabi tutulmuştur. Modifiye edilmiş epoksi hibrid nanokompozitlerin maksimum yükleri,
çekme dayanımları, elastiklik modülleri, toklukları ve birim şekil değiştirme değerleri hesaplanmış olup, bu testin
sonucunda bu özellikler epoksi numuneyle kıyaslanmıştır. Referans numune ile ağırlıkça % 0.25 oranındaki
ÇCKNT ve ağırlıkça % 0.5 oranındaki nanoSiO2 parçacık takviyeli nanokompozitin maksimum yükleri sırasıyla
1730 N ve 1875 N olup, 0.25CNT+0.5 nanoSiO2 epoksi esaslı kompozit % 8 oranında artış gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çekme Dayanımı, Epoksi Nanokompozitler, MWCNT, Nano SiO2.

* İlgili yazar e-posta: [email protected]

16
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

DOĞAL VE SENTETİK FİBER TAKVİYELİ POLİMER KOMPOZİTLERİN KURU KAYMA

KOŞULLARINDA AŞINMA ORANI VE SÜRTÜNME KATSAYISI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN
BELİRLENMESİ

Lemiye Atabek Savaş 1*

1
Erciyes Üniversitesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Mühendisliği Bölümü, Kayseri, Türkiye

Özet

Bu çalışmada yüksek-yoğunluklu polietilen (HDPE) matrisli karbon, bazalt ve kokonat fiber takviyeli (%10 ve
%30) kompozitlerin kayma aşınma davranışları incelenmiş olup, aşınma oranları ile sürtünme katsayıları
arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Kompozitler ergiyik harmanlama yöntemi ile üretilmiş, uyumlaştırıcı olarak maleik
anhidrit-aşılı polietilen (PE-g-MA) kullanılmıştır. Ek olarak kokonat fiberlerin matris malzemesi ile
karışabilirliğini bir adım daha artırmak için sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) çözeltisi içinde alkali yüzey işlemi
uygulanmıştır. Aşınma testleri özel üretim bir ball-on-disk tribometresi kullanılarak kuru kayma şartlarında, 5 N
normal yük ve 1100 dev/dak kayma hızında açık atmosfer koşullarında tamamlanmıştır. Yapılan tribo-testler
sonucunda, kullanılan tüm bileşimlerdeki kompozitlerin sürtünme katsayılarının saf HDPE’den yüksek olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. En düşük sürtünme katsayısına 0,121 ile saf HDPE’de ulaşılmıştır. %30 bazalt fiber içeren HD-
BF30 numunesi 0,303 ile en yüksek sürtünme katsayısı değerini vermiştir. Aşınma oranı her bir fiber için
konsantrasyon ile artış eğilimindedir. Karbon fiber takviyeli kompozitler saf polimerden yüksek sürtünme
katsayısına sahip olsa da yüksek rijitliğinden dolayı daha yüksek aşınma direnci sergilemişlerdir. En düşük aşınma
oranına 64×10-6 (mm3 N-1m-1) ile %10 karbon fiber içeren kompozitte ulaşılmıştır. Kokonat fiber takviyeli
kompozitler karbondan sonra ikinci en yüksek aşınma direncine sahip kompozitler olup, aynı konsantrasyonda
bazalt fiberden daha yüksek aşınma direnci göstermişlerdir. En yüksek aşınma oranı 177×10-6 (mm3 N-1m-1) ile
%30 bazalt fiber içeren kompozitte görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak karşılaştırılan fiberler içerisinde karbon fiberin
düşük sürtünme ve yüksek aşınma direnci anlamında diğer fiberlere göre üstün olduğu bulunmuştur. Fiber tipine
göre sürtünme katsayısı ve aşınma oranı değerleri değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler : Yüksek-Yoğunluklu Polietilen, Karbon Fiber, Bazalt Fiber, Kokonat Fiber, Aşınma Oranı,
Sürtünme Katsayısı.

* İlgili yazar e-posta : [email protected]

17
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

SELF-CLEANING OF HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES

Abdullah Alawadhi 1* , Atilla Evcin 2

1
Sana’a, Yemen
2
Afyon Kocatepe University, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Abstract

In Greek, “hydro” means “water”, “phobos” means “fear” and “philia” means “friendship”. Afraid of hydrophobic
water, that does not like water; hydrophilic means friends with water, that is, loves water. These surfaces are named
according to the angle of contact they make with the water. Superhydrophobic means water-hating,
superhydrophilic means water-loving. If the water droplet spreads completely on the surfaces, it is
superhydrophilic; If the droplet is spherical on the surface and its angle with the surface is greater than 150° and
approaching 180°, they are called superhydrophobic surfaces. The "Water Repellent" coating on the surface is
called hydrophobic coating. Thus, it creates problems in using and cleaning the materials as clear. In this study,
ceramic tile was coated with a silicone compound. An organic–inorganic molecular hybrid compound was firstly
prepared by the mixing of silicone rubber-salts-silane coupling agent. Prepared mixture was coated on a clean
ceramic tile by a film applicator. After samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and
Contact Angle Goniometer. Superhydrophobic surface was obtained Zn stearate doped modified silanes.

Keywords : Silicone, Superhydrophobic, Contact angle.

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

18
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

COATING OF TIO2 DOPED HYDROXYAPATITE ON TI6AL4V ALLOY WITH HVOF TECHNIQUE

Nada Alloush 1*, Atilla Evcin 2

1
Idlib, Suriye
2
Afyon Kocatepe University, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is a calcium salt found in bone and teeth with the chemical formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. It forms
the inorganic part of the bone structure. Calcium phosphate based HA is used as a bioceramic material due to its
biocompatibility, as artificial bone, in the manufacture of various prostheses, in the repair of broken and cracked
bones, and in the coating of metallic biomaterials. Traditionally, the use of titanium has been concentrated in the
aircraft, space and marine industries. The metal's durability and rigid structure, low specific gravity and relative
lightness, resistance to high temperatures and resistance to corrosion have led to its widespread use in these special
areas. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the medical and dental applications of titanium and
titanium alloys. In this study, Hydroxyapatite containing 1, 2 and 3% TiO2 powder was coated on the Ti alloy by
the High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) method. The coatings were characterized in terms of their contact-opening
and morphological properties.

Keywords : Coating, Sol-gel, Contact Angle, Ti6Al4V

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

19
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

MANUFACTURING OF COCOON PLANTER USING INDEGENIOUS RECYCLABLE MATERIAL

Enjila Irfan 1, Areeba Alam 1, Hafsa Shafi 1, Afifa Baqai 1

1
Materials Engineering Department, NED Universitty of Engineering an Technology

Abstract

“Cocoon planter” is a water-efficient technology that helps trees to survive with little irrigation even in desert-like
climates. It provides a safe shelter from the harsh surrounding environment and an adequate water for irrigation of
first critical year of tree. Cocoon Planter is basically an Innovative technologies of planting and foresting to people
living in arid and semi-arid climates. In our Cocoon Planter we aren’t using the standard materials that are being
used until now by Land Life and Groasis Companies. Instead we are using an indigenous material that are available
in Pakistan to make the Cocoon Planter.

Keywords : Cocoon Planter, Water-Efficient Technology, Recycle

20
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

SYSTEMATIC REDUCTION OF CASTING DEFECTS WITH THE HELP OF MODELING AND

SIMULATION

Muhammmad Abdul Hai 1, Shaheer Siddiqui 1, Kamran Khalid 1, Hammad Siddiqui 1

1
NED University Of Engineering and Technology, Materials Engineering Department

Abstract

Sand casting, also known as sand molded casting, is a metal casting process characterized by using sand as the
mold material. Over 60% of all metal castings are produced via sand casting process. Modeling refers to creation
of a 3d model using a CAD software. It is then exported to a CAE software for Simulation or to a CAM software
for manufactur-ing. Simulation is the imitation of a situation or process on a CAE Soft-ware. It is used for the
purpose of thermal analysis, removing defects, optimization etc. It includes designing a 3d model on a CAD
software, exporting it to a CAE software for simulation, filling in the parameters, and observing the results.

Keywords : Sand Casting, Metal Casting, Cad

21
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERCRITICAL DRYING SYSTEM (SCD) FOR SILICA

AEROGEL PRODUCTION
1
M.Saad Khan, 1 Usama Khan, 1 Ahazam Ansari, 1 Tayyab Azad Khan
1
Ned University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Department of Materials Engineering

Abstract

Aerogels belongs to an innovative class of advanced materials with applications ranging from heat transfer to fluid
separation processes. This research study focuses on the development of a Super critical drying (SCD) systems
which is an integral part to produce fine quality aerogels. A typical SCD system consists of a high pressure chamber
(up to 100bar) with temperature range of 50oC. After research and the group has completed the procurement of the
SCD parts, and assembly of the system[2]. This SCD system was designed and developed and the synthesis of
Silica aerogel was performed by using different organic chemicals i.e TMOS, Methanol, Ammonium Hydroxide.
The study aims at synthesis of silica-based aerogels using phase one SCD system and got the final product which
is Silica Aerogel. [2] The silica aerogel is characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction
and Fourier Transfrom Infrared Spectroscopy to conclude the final product which is Silica Aerogel.

Keywords: Silica Aerogel, Advanced Materials, Super Critical Drying

22
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

JOINING AND ANALYSING THE EFFECT OF TIG AND FS-WELDING ON NONFERROUS

ALLOYS

M.Hassan Bin Shaukat 1, S.M AbuTalib Zaidi 1, M.Shariq Hasnain 1

1
Ned University of Engineering and Technology Karachi, Department of Materials Engineering

Abstract

Joining is a fundamental manufacturing process that is essential for making any assembly such that jet plane could
never be possible to form in a single piece.In joining category, welding class has strongest and permanent joint
moreover welding result in changing metallurgical, mechanical and physical properties in weld and near weld
region. In the current research, TIG welding is applied to overcome welding problems in nonferrous alloys whereas
FSW welding is adopted to replace fusion (TIG) welding because of various metallurgical, environmental and
mechanical strength disadvantages occurred in fusion welding.

Keywords : TIG welding, FS-Welding, Nonferrous Alloys

23
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

SIMULATION OF BORIDING KINETICS OF AISI T 1 STEEL BY INTEGRAL MODEL

Brahim Boumaalı 1*
1
University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux, Bab-
Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria

Abstract

AISI T1 steel was hardened by the solid boriding process in the temperature range 1123-1273K, for a period of 2
to 8 hours. A kinetic model, based on the integral method, was applied to the growth of a single boride (Fe2B)
layer on the surface of AISI T1 steel. The activation energy for the diffusion of boron in AISI T1 steel was
estimated at 213.03 kJ mol-1 and a comparison was made with other values available in the literature. A
satisfactory concordance has been observed when comparing the experimental values of Fe2B layers’ thicknesses
with the predicted results. This diffusion model has been validated experimentally by considering two additional
boriding conditions.

Keywords : Boriding, AISI T1 Steel, Integral Model

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

24
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN COMPOSITES USING NATURAL FIBERS

Hafiz Muhammed Bilal Hussain 1, Muhamed Sami Khan 1, Ebad Hassan Khan 1
1
Ned University of Engineering & Technology Department of Materials Engineering

Abstract

Green composites are basically sustainable composites materials that are combination of Natural Fibers and
Natural resins. Importance of these materials is biodegradability, use of natural material and strength, due to these
characteristics they have gained a lot of importance in the field of Materials engineering. The overview of the
project is as follows; To Develop a fiber reinforced green composite having gelatin matrix reinforced with natural
fibers (include coconut, banana and sugar cane). To Compare the mechanical properties of different fibers
reinforcement in a similar matrix. To Compare the effect of fiber length (different Grades of Fibers) on mechanical
properties of a similar material in same matrix. Fibers were collected from the warehouse and then shredded and
boiled in hot water in order to remove contamination. Banana & Sugarcane fibers are rich in sugar so their boiling
is mandatory to remove the juicy liquid from them. After boiling in hot water for half an hour they were filtered
and then dried in air for five days. After complete drying they were subjected to grinding to obtain a workable size
of them to proceed further for composite making. According to the given composition matrix was prepared and
then fibers are embedded in mold and samples are prepared through hand layup process.

Keywords : Green Composites, Natural Fibers, Natural Resins, Biodegradability

25
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS (DOE) FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN TYRE TREAD BY

REDUCING CARBON WITH ECO-FRIENDLY FILLER

Hamna Siddiqui 1, Syed Usama Athar 1, Arsal Sohal 1, Asad Raza 1

1
Ned University of Engineering and Technology Materials Engineering Department

Abstract

Design of experiments(DOE) is defined as a branch of applied statistics that deals with planning, conducting,
analyzing, and interpreting controlled tests to evaluate the factors that control the value of a parameter or group of
parameters. DOE is a powerful data collection and analysis tool that can be used in a variety of experimental
situations. DOE is suitable for a condition where more than one in put factors are suspected of influencing the
output. For instance it maybe desirable to understand the effect of binder and pigment on the adhesion of paints.
Or one want to analyze the effect of temperature, pressure and alloying elements on a steel alloy. Or the one is
evaluating the tire performance on the basis of various factors in the recipe. So precisely it is applicable for all the
industries dealing with recipes for the product development. Through DOE, you can deal with even up to 6 or 8
factors of that particular recipe. It is a one time effort approach resulting in the production to be tim effective, free
of vaining raw materials, efficient, as results compiled on the basis of equations/designed models. From the
obtained results it can be analyzed that the motive which is to minimize the rolling resistance yet with better
traction has been achieved throgh DOE based investigation, Thus an healthy eco-system can be established with
lowest amounts of fuel consumption.

Keywords : DOE (Desing of Experiments), Carbon Reducing, Eco-Friendly

26
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT OF CERAMICS FOR THERMOPOWER APPLICATIONS

Syeda Sabika Fatima 1, Faaz Ahmed Khan 1, Muhammad Ahmed Raza 1, Muhammad Usman 1
1
Ned University Of Engineering And Technology Department Of Materials Engıneering

Abstract

Strontium titanate(STO) ceramics were synthesized by solid state sintering using strontium carbonate and titanium
dioxide. The samples were doped with bismuth oxide and iron oxide in different proportions. Compound to be
formed as thermoelectric ceramic consist of SrBiTiFeO3. With the help of this project we learned that how
thermoelectricmaterial ceramics can be of great importance other than their high temperature and corrosion
resistance properties.

Keywords: Strontium Titanate, Thermoelectric Ceramic,

27
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

PHOTOCATALYTIC DEPOSITION OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES

Salih Veziroglu 1*, Oral Cenk Aktas 1, Franz Faupel 1

1
Chair for Multicomponent Materials, Institute of Materials Science, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany

Abstract

Noble metal (Au, Ag, and Pt, etc.) hierarchical structures have been received remarkable attention during the last
decades, due to their special shape, high surface area, electronic, and catalytic properties. Especially, the
incorporation of these hierarchical structures with wide-bandgap metal oxide semiconductors such as titanium
oxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) has been shown many times for various applications such as photocatalysis 1,2,
water splitting, self-cleaning3, biomolecular detection, sensor applications, and so on. There are various studies
about the synthesis of hierarchical structures with well-defined size and morphology in the literature. However, it
is still a challenge to achieve good adhesion between hierarchical structures and metal oxide surfaces, especially
with TiO2 thin film. Therefore, some approaches (seed-mediated growth, etc.) have been published to enhance the
adhesion of metallic hierarchical structures on TiO2 thin film by using some binder molecules (thiols and silanes,
etc.). Mostly organic molecules are used for binding metallic hierarchical structures with a solid substrate.
However, these may decrease the surface conductivity and contaminate the surface which affects the performance
of the hierarchical structures. Similarly, electrodeposition methods can also be used to prepare metallic hierarchical
structures on solid substrates. But the electrodeposition process is only applied on the conductive substrate such
as indium tin oxide (ITO). Therefore, there is a need to prepare stable Au or Ag hierarchical structures on TiO 2
thin films without using any organic molecules (binders) or a conductive electrode. Here, we demonstrated a novel
photocatalytic deposition approach for preparing Au and Ag hierarchical structures on TiO 2 thin film surface by
UV illumination with strong chemical adhesion for wide-range applications such as photocatalytic degradation of
organic contaminants, self-cleaning and oil-water separation. This method allows the controlling the geometry,
size, and distribution of such Au and Ag hierarchical structures on TiO2 thin film by simply changing the deposition
solution, photocatalytic activity of metal oxide, UV illumination intensity, and time.

Keywords: Hierarchical, Metallic and Bimetallic Structures, Photocatalytic Deposition, TiO2 Thin Film

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

28
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

WO3 VE TEO2 İLAVESİNİN BAZALT CAMLARININ RADYASYON ZIRHLAMA ÖZELLİKLERİ

ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ

Bilgehan Güven 1*, Ediz Ercenk 1, Şenol Yılmaz 1

1
Sakarya Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Bölümü, Sakarya, Türkiye.

Özet

Bu çalışmada doğal volkanik kayaç bazalttan elde edilen camın radyasyon zırhlama uygulamalarında
kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Kırma öğütme sonrası toz hale getirilen bazalt kayacına ağırlıkça % 30 WO 3 ve
TeO2 katılarak elde edilen bileşimler homojenizasyon için bilyalı değirmende karıştırma işlemine tabi tutulmuştur.
Katkısız, WO3 ve TeO2 katkılı olarak hazırlanan 3 bileşim 1500 °C’de ergitilerek bazalt camları elde edilmiştir.
Katkı maddelerinin bazalt camının radyasyon zırh kabiliyeti üzerine etkilerini incelemek amacıyla camların 276,
302, 356 ve 383 keV enerji değerlerinde lineer zayıflatma katsayıları, yarı-değer kalınlık ve ortalama serbest yol
değerleri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen değerler ele alındığında katkı maddelerinin bazalt camının radyasyon
zırhlama özelliğini arttırdıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca WO3 ilavesinin bazalt camının zırhlama kabiliyetini
arttırmada TeO2 ilavesinden daha iyi etki ettiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bazalt, Cam, Radyasyon Zırhlama.

* İlgili yazar e-posta: [email protected]; [email protected]

29
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

CaF2 KATKISININ ATIKLARDAN ÜRETİLEN CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 ESASLI CAM-SERAMİKLERİN

ÖZELLİKLERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Aybars Özen 1*, Ediz Ercenk 1, Şenol Yılmaz 1

1
Sakarya Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisliği Bölümü, Sakarya, Türkiye.

Özet

Bu çalışmada granüle yüksek fırın cürufu, termik santral atık uçucu külü, bor üretim atığı, atık cam ve magnezit
refrakter üretim atık karışımlarından CaO – Al2O3 – SiO2 (CAS) esaslı cam-seramiklerin özelliklerine CaF2
katkısının etkisi incelenmiştir. Ağırlıkça % 0, 3, 6, 9 ve 12 oranlarında CaF 2, granüle yüksek fırın cürufu, termik
santral uçucu külü, bor üretim atığı, magnezit refrakter atığı ve atık cam karışımına ilave edilerek bileşimler
hazırlanmıştır. Silindirik numuneler preslenerek şekillendirilmiş ve 900, 950, 1000, 1050 ve 1100 °C sıcaklıklarda
2 saat süre ile sinterlenip karakterize edilmiştir. Bu amaçla taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile mikroyapıları,
X-ışını difraksiyonu (XRD) ile de faz analizleri yapılmış olup sinterlenmiş numunelerin pişme küçülmesi, bulk
yoğunluğu, görünür gözenekliliği, su emmesi, donma, pamuklaşma özellikleri ve basma mukavemeti değerleri
belirlenmiştir. Böylece CaF2 katkısının granüle yüksek fırın cürufu, termik santral uçucu külü, bor üretim atığı,
magnezit refrakter atığı ve atık cam tozu karışımlarından üretilen seramiklerin özelliklerine etkileri incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Atık Cam, Bor Atığı, Yüksek Fırın Cürufu, Uçucu Kül, Cam-Seramik

* İlgili yazar e-posta: [email protected] ; [email protected]

30
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

FONKSİYONEL DERECELENDİRİLMİŞ Si₃N₄ ESASLI SERAMİKLERİN ÜRETİMİNDE FARKLI

SOĞUK İZOSTATİK PRES (CIP) BASINÇLARININ ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Beyza Kasal ¹˒²*, Ertancan Babaç ¹˒², Yasemin Tabak ¹,Bayise Kavaklı Vatansever ¹, Ayşen Kılıç ¹,
Metin Usta ¹˒²

¹TÜBİTAK Marmara Araştırma Merkezi, Malzeme Enstitüsü, Gebze, Kocaeli, Türkiye

²Gebze Teknik Üniversitesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Mühendisliği Bölümü, Gebze,Kocaeli,Türkiye

Özet

Silisyum nitrür seramikler sitotoksik olmaması, yüksek kırılma tokluğu, uzun ömürlü olması, aşınma direnci ve
düşük sürünme katsayısı gibi üstün özellikleri nedeniyle biyo uygulamalarda gün geçtikçe daha fazla kullanım
alanı bulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, şerit döküm yöntemi ile biyomalzeme uygulamalarında kullanılmak üzere
fonksiyonel derecelendirilmiş Si3N4 malzemesinin, organik bazlı süspansiyonlarının hazırlanması ve hazırlanan
şeritlerin farklı soğuk izostatik pres basıncında (1000-1500-2000-2500 bar) preslenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Kullanılan
hammaddelere XRD, SEM, tane boyut analizi yapılıp hazırlanan süspansiyonun zeta potansiyeli ve reolojik
ölçümleri yapılmış, optimum koşullarda döküm işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan deneysel çalışmada ana
hammadde olan Si3N4’ün dışında solvent, bağlayıcı, plastikleştirici, sinterleme katkısı ve por yapıcı (grafit tozu)
gibi ilaveler kullanılmıştır. Hazırlanan süspansiyonlar 18 saat karıştırılmış ve şerit döküm cihazı ile döküm
yapılarak ham şeritler elde edilmiştir. Ham şeritler kurutulduktan sonra belirlenen boyutlarda kesilip 4 farklı
porozite oranında (her katman 5 şerit olacak şekilde) lamine edilmiştir. Ardından üretilen silisyum nitrür şeritlerin
şekillendirmesi için ise soğuk izostatik presleme (CIP) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Şekillendirilen parçalara bağlayıcı
giderme işlemi uygulanmış olup ardından hava ortamında 1500 °C’de sinterleme işlemi yapılmıştır. Sinterlenmiş
olan poroz numunelerin taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile yapılan mikroyapı analizlerinde şeritler
arasındaki bağlanma, grafitin por oluşumuna etkisi, por yapısı ve dağılımı, sinterlenmenin gelişimi incelenmiştir.
Sinter sonrası XRD analizi yapılarak fazlar incelenmiş olup sonuçların değerlendirmeleri yapılarak beklenen
özellikleri sağlayan CIP basıncı seçilerek proses optimize edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler : Silisyum Nitrür, Fonksiyonel Derecelendirilmiş Malzeme, Şerit Döküm, Soğuk İzostatik
Presleme.

* İlgili yazar e-posta: [email protected]

31
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

KUBBE-İ HADRA RESTORASYON ÇİNİLERİNİN KARAKTERİZASYONU

Çetin Öztürk 1*
1
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Geleneksel Türk Sanatları Bölümü, Konya, Türkiye

Özet

Mevlana türbesinin (Kubbe-i Hadra) dış cephe duvarlarını yaklaşık 55 yıldır süsleyen yeşil çinilerde atmosferik
etkiler nedeniyle zamanla tahribatlar meydana gelmiştir. Kültür bakanlığı ve Konya Müze Müdürlüğünce
oluşturulan Bilim Kurulunun Kubbe-i Hadra’ da gerçekleştirdiği incelemeler neticesinde kubbede restorasyonun
gerekli olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bilim kurulu tarafından 1835 yılına ait çini örnekleri baz alınarak yenilenecek olan
çinilerin geleneksel tarzda, yüksek silis (en az %85 SiO2) içerikli, yüksek mukavemetli ve dona dayanıklı ve de
örtücü turkuaz renkte üretilmesi yönünde karar vermiştir. Bu çerçevede geleneksel tarzda çini üretimi yapan
firmalardan belirlenen özelliklerde çini örnekleri talep edilmiş ve üretilen çiniler üzerinde standartlar dâhilinde
yapılan kimyasal ve mineralojik analizler, kimyasallara ve dona dayanım testleri ile birlikte su emme, mukavemet
ve termal şok testleri ile çiniler karakterize edilmiştir. Karakterizasyon çalışmaları sonucunda genel olarak yüksek
silis içerikli (>%90) çinilerin daha düşük su emmeli ve oldukça yüksek mukavemetli olduğu ve ayrıca örtücü sırla
iyi pekiştiği ve sırlı yüzeyde herhangi bir sır hatası içermediği anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Konya, Mevlana Türbesi, Restorasyon, Çini, Karakterizasyon

* İlgili yazar e-posta : [email protected]

32
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

CHARACTERIZATION OF CREAM AND CREAM OILS’ OBTAINED FROM COW MILK

Sabire Duman 1, Erman Duman 2*

1 Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversity, Health Sciences Faculty, Nutrition and Dietetic Department,
Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

2 Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the physico-chemical properties of cream and cream oil obtained from
cow's milk, such as dry matter, non-fat dry matter, protein, acidity, pH, fatty acid composition, saponification
number, unsaponifiable matter and sterol composition. ; As physical and chemical analysis, the amount of dry
matter in cow cream was 61.72%, the amount of non-fat dry matter was 6.72%, pH values were 7.28, protein
content was 4.45%, fat content was 55.0%, acidity was 1.05%. In cream oil, the free fatty acidity is 0.078% and
the peroxide number is 0.55 meq-O2 / kg, respectively. The total saturated fat content of the fatty acid content
obtained from cow's milk was determined as 66.706%, and the total unsaturated fatty acid ratio was determined as
33.699%. When the fatty acid composition values of the oil obtained from cow cream were examined, it was
determined that the highest value in terms of saturated fatty acids was palmitic acid and 35,547%, and when it was
examined in terms of unsaturated fatty acids, the highest value was oleic acid and 26,509%. In addition, the
saponification number, the number of unsaponifiable matter and the sterol composition of the fat obtained from
cow cream were determined. Studies have generally focused on cow and buffalo cream, and it will fill an important
gap in the literature on the characterization of cream obtained from cow's milk as a result of our research.

Keywords: Cow milks’ Cream, Cream Fat, Characterization, Sterol composition.

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

33
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey
INVESTIGATION OF CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF CONSTRUCTION STEELS IN
HYDROCHLORIC ACID

Ibrahim GUNES 1
1
Giresun University, Department of Civil Engineering, Giresun, Turkey

Abstract

In this study, the corrosion behavior of construction steel in HCl solution with three different concentrations of
0.5M, 1M, 1.5M was investigated. Properties such as section losses and weight losses after the acidic effect have
not been studied much. In order to fill this gap, the corrosion behavior of rebar exposed to acidic effects at different
times was investigated. As a result of corrosion, it has been observed that the cross-sectional microstructures of
the construction steel are corroded in the form of small cavities and pits/pitting from the outside to the inside. In
addition, reduction in steel sections and decreases in yield and tensile stresses were observed.

Keywords: Construction Steel, HCl, Corrosion Behavior, Tensile stress

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

34
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

Ti-6Al-4V ALAŞIMININ PLAZMA PASTA BORLANMASI

Ibrahim Güneş 1*
1
Giresun University, Department of Civil Engineering, Giresun, Turkey

Özet

Bu çalışmada plazma pasta borlanmış Ti-6Al-4V alaşımının yüzey özellikleri incelenmiştir. Endüstride yaygın
olarak kullanılan Ti6Al4V alaşımı plazma ortamında % 80 Ar - % 20 H2 gaz karışımda 800ºC’de 6 saat süresince
5 mbar basınç altında plazma pasta borlanmıştır. Elde edilen borür tabakaları, X-ray difraksiyon, SEM mikroyapı
özellikleri incelenmiştir. X-ray analizi sonucunda Ti-6Al-4V alaşımının yüzeyinde TiB ve Ti2B tabakalarının
oluştuğu görülmüştür. Plazma pasta borlama işlemiyle geleneksel borlama yöntemlerine göre daha düşük
sıcaklıklarda titanyum ve Ti6Al4V alaşımının borlanması işlemi başarıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ti-6Al-4V, Plazma Pasta Borlama, Mikroyapı, XRD,

* İlgili yazar e-posta : [email protected]

35
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

PLASMA PASTE BORIDING OF PURE TITANIUM

Redouane Chegroune 1*, Mourad Keddam 1, Ibrahim Güneş 2, Atila Gürhan Çelik 2
1
University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratoire de Technologie des Matériaux, Bab-
Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
2
Giresun University, Department of Civil Engineering, Giresun, Turkey

Abstract

In this study, the surface properties of plasma paste borided titanium with B 2O3 paste was investigated. Boriding
process of titanium, which is widely used in the industry, was carried out in a plasma environment with 80% Ar -
20% H2 gas mixture at 800ºC for 6 hours under 5 mbar pressure. Obtained boride layers, X-ray diffraction, SEM
were investigated. As a result of X-ray analysis, it was observed that TiB and Ti2B layers were formed on the
surface of titanium.

Keywords: Titanium, B2O3, Plasma Paste Boriding, XRD

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

36
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

INVESTIGATION OF CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF CONSTRUCTION STEELS IN

HYDROCHLORIC ACID

Ibrahim Güneş 1*
1
Giresun University, Department of Civil Engineering, Giresun, Turkey

Abstract

In this study, the corrosion behavior of construction steel in HCl solution with three different concentrations of
0.5M, 1M, 1.5M was investigated. Properties such as section losses and weight losses after the acidic effect have
not been studied much. In order to fill this gap, the corrosion behavior of rebar exposed to acidic effects at different
times was investigated. As a result of corrosion, it has been observed that the cross-sectional microstructures of
the construction steel are corroded in the form of small cavities and pits/pitting from the outside to the inside. In
addition, reduction in steel sections and decreases in yield and tensile stresses were observed.

Keywords: Construction Steel, HCl, Corrosion Behavior, Tensile Stress

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

37
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

FLY ASH BASED FOAM GEOPOLYMERS WITH IMPROVED DRYING SHRINKAGE

PROPERTIES

Cansu Kurtuluş 1*, Mustafa Serhat Başpınar 2

1
Afyon Kocatepe University, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, TURKEY
2
Afyon Kocatepe University, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Department, Afyonkarahisar, TURKEY

Abstract

Due to the high amount of emissions caused by the cement sector recently, there is a search for alternative raw
materials instead of cement in buildings. In this context, geopolymer technology, which stands out, draws attention
due to the recycling of wastes. However, the difficulties encountered during production prevent geopolymers from
being put on the market. With this motivation, a total of 54 different recipes were studied using fly ash raw material
in order to comprehensively examine the drying shrinkage of foam geopolymers. The molarity of the composition,
the amount of fly ash it contains, the perlite additive, the calcium stearate additive, and the effect of curing
temperature on drying shrinkage were investigated. Drying shrinkage data ranging from 4.053 to 1.272% were
obtained. Drying shrinkage values varied inversely with the amount of fly ash, calcium stearate and perlite. The
curing temperature and alkali concentration increased the shrinkage values. The obtained findings were also
evaluated statistically, and it was determined that the factor affecting the drying shrinkage the most was the curing
temperature.

Keywords : Geopolymer, Foam, Drying Shrinkage, Composition

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

38
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey

THE IMPACT OF PARTICLE SIZE ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN WASTE-

DERIVED GLASS FOAMS

Recep Kurtuluş 1* , Cansu Kurtuluş1, Hakan Çiftçi 2, Taner Kavas 1

1
Afyon Kocatepe University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
2
Afyon Kocatepe University, Department of Mining Engineering, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

Abstract

Glass foams (GF) possess great potential for waste valorization purposes. The foaming characteristics can be
manipulated by variations in particle size (PS) distributions. In this study, we selected waste cathode-ray tubes
(CRTs), glycerine (G), water glass (WG), and water (W) constituents with the roles of main waste, foaming agent,
particle enveloping substance, and moisturizing content, respectively. Initially, the GF system was designed as
follows: 90CRTs+2W+6WG+2W. After that, four different particle size ranges in waste CRTs were chosen as (-
500/+212 µm, PS1-coded), (-212/+125 µm, PS2-coded), (-125 µm, PS3-coded), and (-75 µm, PS4-coded). The
GF pellets were prepared by weighing, mixing, and pressing stages, accordingly. The prepared pellets were then
heated via a conventional electric resistance furnace under the conditions of a 5⁰C. min-1 heating rate up to 850⁰C,
which were subsequently dwelled for 30 min at the peak temperature. The impact of PS on physical and mechanical
properties was analyzed by measuring bulk density (ρbulk), estimating porosity (EP), and testing compressive
strength (CS). According to the findings, the ρbulk values were equal to 599, 460, 303, and 264 kg. cm -3 for PS1 to
PS4 samples in the respective order. Based upon the measured ρbulk, the EP values were found to be 78.3, 83.3,
89.1, and 90.4 percentages for PS1 to PS4 specimens, respectively. Lastly, the CS values revealed that decreasing
PS caused the obtainment of diminishing resistance to mechanical failure. In conclusion, the authors deduced that
waste CRTs glass can be valorized in an effective way with the aid of manipulating particle size.

Keywords : Glass Foam, CRTs, Waste Valorization, Particle Size, Sustainability

* Corresponding Author e-mail : [email protected]

39
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey
PARTICIPANT PAGE NUMBER
Abdullah Alawadhi 18
Afifa Baqai 20
Ahazam Ansari 22
Areeba Alam 20
Arsal Sohai 26
Asad Raza 26
Atila Gürhan Çelik 36
Atilla Evcin 15,18,19
Avinash Lakshmikanthan 8
Aybars Özen 30
Ayşen Kılıç 31
Bayise Kavaklı Vatansever 31
Ben Ammar Ben Khadda 11
Beyza Kasal 31
Bilgehan Güven 29
Brahim Boumaali 24
Burç Mısırlıoğlu 3
Cansu Kurtuluş 38,39
Cenk Aktas 3,28
Çetin Öztürk 32
Dimitar Lolov 9
Ebad Hassan Khan 25
Ediz Ercenk 29,30
Enjila Irfan 20
Erman Duman 33
Ertancan Babaç 31
Faaz Ahmed Khan 27
Fabienne Dumoulin 3
Fateme Mirsafi 13
Fayaz Hussain 3
Franz Faupel 28
Ganesh R. Chate 8
Hafiz Muhammed Bilal Hussain 25
Hafsa Shafi 20
Hakan Çiftçi 39
Hammad Siddiqui 21
Hamna Siddiqui 26
Horst-Günter Rubahn 13
İbrahim Güneş 34,35,36,37
Kamran Khalid 21
Lemiye Atabek Savaş 17
M. Saad Khan 22
M.Hassan Bin Shaukat 23

40
 08-09 October 2021 Turkey
M.Shariq Hasnain 23
Manjunath Patel GC 8
Manoj D. Naik 8
Massimo Rogante 12
Metin Usta 31
Mourad Keddam 14,36
Muhammad Ahmed Raza 27
Muhammad Usman 27
Muhammed Sami Khan 25
Muhammmad Abdul Hai 21
Muhsin Alçı 10
Mürsel Ekrem 16
Mustafa Serhat Başpınar 38
Nada Alloush 19
Najran Mohammed Nasser Hosrom 15
Prasad Chandran N 8
Recep Güneş 10
Recep Kurtuluş 39
Redouane Chegroune 36
Reza Abolhassani 13
S.M AbuTalib Zaidi 23
Sabire Duman 33
Salih Veziroğlu 28
Şenol Yılmaz 29,30
Shaheer Siddiqui 21
Svetlana Lilkova-Markova 9
Syed Usama Athar 26
Syeda Sabika Fatima 27
Taner Kavas 39
Tayyab Azad Khan 22
Usama Khan 22
Yasemin Tabak 31
Yogendra Kumar Mishra 3,13

41
08-09 October 2021 Turkey

42
08-09 October 2021 Turkey

43