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ATOMIC
STRUCTURE
BOOKLET
Name: ___________________________________

Class: ___________________________________

Batch: ___________________________________

Centre: ___________________________________

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 GRAVITY -1

1. The conclusions of Rutherford scattering experiment does not include:

(A)   particle can come within a distance of the order of 10-14m of the nucleus.
(B) The radius of the nucleus is less than 10-14m
(C) scattering follows Coulomb’s law
(D) The (+) vely charged parts of an atom move with extremely high velocities.

2. Rutherford’s experiment, which established the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam of
(A)   particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed
(B)   rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electrons
(C) helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered
(D) helium nucleus, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

3. In photoelectric effect, the saturation photocurrent:

(A) Increases with increase of frequency of incident photon
(B) Decreases with increase of frequency of incident photon
(C) Does not depend on the frequency of photon but depends only on intensity of incident
light
(D) Depends both on intensity and frequency of the incident Photon

4. A photon-sensitive metal is not emitting photoelectron when irradiated. It will do so

when threshold is crossed. To cross the threshold we need to increase:
(A) Intensity (B) Frequency (C) Wavelength (D) none

5. In photoelectric effect the number of phot-electrons emitted is proportional to

(A) intensity of incident beam (B) frequency of incident beam
(C) wavelength of incident beam (D) all the above

6. Light of wavelength  strikes a metal surface with intensity X and the metal emits  electrons
per second of average energy Z. If X is halved, the  and Z will be :
(A)  will be halved, Z will be doubled (B)  will be doubled, Z will be halved
(C)  will be halved & Z will remain same (D)  will remain the same and Z will be halved
e
7. The ratio of of proton and  - particle is
m
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 1 (D) 1 : 3

8. Which of the following statements is not correct regarding cathode rays?

(A) The rays carry negative charge
(B) The charge / mass of these rays is considerably smaller than for positive rays.
(C) The rays produce mechanical effect
(D) The charge / mass ratio is independent of the nature of the gass taken in the discharge tube.

9. The wave number of radiation of wavelength 500 nm is

(A) 5  10–7 m–1 (B) 2  107 m–1 (C) 2  106 m–1 (D) 500  10–9 m–1

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10. The ratio of the energy of a photon of 2000Å wavelength radiation to that of 4000Å radiation is
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C) 2 (D) 4

11. Radio city broadcasts on a frequency of 5,090 KHz. What is the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
emitted by the transmitter?
(A)10.3 m (B) 58.9 m (C) 60.5 m (D) 75.5 m

12. Which particle can not be accelerated by applying voltage

(A)  -particle (B) Electron (C) Neutron (D) Proton

13. A charged particle having a charge +3e is projected towards +ve plate, from –ve plate with K.E.i = 12eV
What is the minimum potential that should be applied between the plates so that the charged particle
cannot strike the +ve plate ?
(A) 2 V (B) 4V (C) 8V (D) 12V

14. In case of hydrogen atom when electron falls from higher level to M shell, the corresponding spectral
line will form the part of :
(A) Balmer series (B) Lyman series (C) Paschen series (D) Pfund series

15. Photon of the maximum frequency will be absorbed in the transition (for H atom):
(A) From n = 1 to n = 4 (B) From n = 1 to n =3
(C) From n = 2 to n = 6 (D) From n = 3 to n = 7

16. What is the potential energy of the electron in the second orbit of the Li2+?
(A) -13.6eV (B) -6 eV (C) -30.6eV (D) -10.2eV

17. Bohr’s model of atom can explain the spectrum of all except
(A) H (B) He+ (C) Li++ (D) He

18. Which of the following is correct

 Z e2
(A) Potential energy of revolving electron 
r
Ze 2
(B) Kinetic energy of revolving electron
2r
 Ze 2
(C) Total energy of revolving electron 
2r
(D) All the above

19 The potential energy of an electron in the Hydrogen atom is – 6.8 eV. Indicate in which excited state,
the electron is present?
(A) first (B) second (C) third (D) fourth

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20. If radius of second stationary orbit (in Bohr’s atom) is R. Then radius of third orbit will be:
(A) R/3 (B) 9R (C) R/9 (D) 2.25 R

21. Which state of Be3+ has the same orbit radius as that of the ground state of hydrogen atom?
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 5

22. What is the frequency of revolution of electron present in 2nd Bohr’s orbit of H-atom?

(A) 1.016  1016 s 1 (B) 4.065  1016 s 1 (C) 1.626  1015 s 1 (D) 8.13  1014 s 1

23. In hydrogen spectrum, the spectral line of Balmer series having lowest wavelength is
(A) H  - line (B) H  - line (C) H  - line (D) H  -line

24. When the electron of 5th orbit jumps into the first orbit the number of spectral lines produced in
hydrogen spectrum is
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 20 (D) 1

25. The electron present in 5th orbit in excited hydrogen atoms returned back to ground state. The no.
possible lines in Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum is

(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 4 (D) 6

26. If same energy is supplied to electron in ground state of Hydrogen as well as He+, electron jump to 5th
main shell in Hydrogen, then final orbit of electron in He+ is
(A) 2nd (B) 1st (C) 3rd (D) 4
th

27. If force of attraction between the electron and nucleus in 2nd orbit of Li2+ is¦, force of attraction if
electron present in 1st orbit of H is

6 12 8 16
(A)  (B)  (C)  (D) 
49 25 81 27

28. Find the value of wave number (v ) in terms of Rydberg’s constant, when transition of electron takes
place between two levels of He+ ion whose sum is 4 and difference is 2.
8R 32R 3R
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
9 9 4

29. What is the shortest wavelength line in the Paschen series of Li2+ ion?

R 9 1 9R
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 R R 4

30. The electron present in 5th orbit in excited hydrogen atoms returned back to ground state. The no.
of lines which appear in Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 4 (D) 5

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31. 1, 2, and 3, is wave length photon corresponding to 1st, 2nd Lyman series and 1st Balmer series
respectively, which of the following statement is correct?

(A) 2 = 1 + 3 (B) 2 = 13/(1+3)

(C) 1 + 2 +3 =0 (D) 22 = 12 + 32

32. If the shortest wavelength of H atom in Lyman series is x, then longest wavelength in Balmer
series of He+ is

9x 36 x x 5x
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 4 9

33. If moving with equal speeds, the longest wavelength of the following matter waves is that for a (an)
(A) Electron (B)   particle (C) Proton (D) Neutron

34. An electron, a proton and an alpha particle have K.E. of 16E, 4E and E respectively. What is the
qualitative order of their de-Broglie wavelengths :
(A) c   p   (B)  p    e (C)  p  c   (D)   e   p

35. The construction of an electron microscope isbased on

(A) de Broglie’s principle (B) Heisenberg’s principle
(C) Bohr’s theory (D) Rutherford concept

36. The kinetic energy of an alpha particle accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 5V
will be
(A) 5eV (B) 5erg (C) 10eV (D) 8  10 10 eV

37. The de Broglie wavelength of a tennis ball of 60 g moving with a velocity of 10 meters per second is
approximately
(A) 10–16meters (B) 10–25meters (C) 10–33meters (D) 10–31meters
38. It is not true that
(A) The wavelength associated with an electron is longer that of proton if they have the same
speed
(B) violet radiations have a longer wavelength that red radiations
(C) the energy of light with wavelength 600 nm is lower than with wavelength 500 nm
(D) spectrum of an atom is known as line spectrum

39. Number of waves formed by a Bohr electron in one complete revolution in its third orbit is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

40. A ball of mass 200 g is moving with a velocity of 10ms–1. If the error in measurement of velocity is
0.1%, the uncertainty in its position is:

(A) 3.310–3 m (B) 3.310–27 m (C) 5.310–25 m (D) 2.64 10–32 m

41. If the uncertaint in the position is along X-axis, then uncertainty in the momentum is along
(A) X -axis (B) Y-axis (C) Z-axis (D) Any axis

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42. Principal, azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers are respectively related to
(A) size, shape and orientation (B) shape, size and orientation
(C) size, orientation and shape (D) none of these

43. Degenerate atomic orbital have

(A) equal energy (B) nearly equal energy
(C) different energy (D) none of above

1
44. The orbital occupied by an electron with quantum numbers n  4, l  3, m  0 ands   is called
2
(A) 1s subshell (B) 4d orbital (C) 4f subshell (D) 3s subshell

45. Which of the following sets of quantum number is not possible

(A) n  2, l  1, m  1, s  1 / 2 (B) n  3, l  2, m  3, s  1 / 2
(C) n  2, l  0, m  0, s  1 / 2 (D) n  3, l  2, m  2, s  1 / 2

46. The sub-energy level having minimum energy is

(A) 3d (B) 5p (C) 4s (D) 4p

47. Among the various quantum numbers (n, l, m, s) describing an electron which can have the largest value
(A) n (B) l (C) m (D) s

48. The quantum number that was proposed to explain the Zeeman effect is
(A) m (B) l (C) s (D) n

49. The azimuthal quantum number of a non-directional orbital is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) +1/2

50 The quantum levels upto n = 3 has

(A) s, p electrons (B) s, p, d, electron (C) s electrons (D) s,p,d,f electrons

51. The orbital with maximum number of possible orientations

(A) s (B) p (C) d (D) f

52. The angular momentum of an electron due to its spin is given by

h h h 2
(A) s ( s  1) (B) s ( s  1) . (C) (D) s ( s  1)
2 2 2 h

53. Which one of the following expressions represent the electron probability function (D)
(A) 4 r dr  (B) 4 r dr  (C) 4 r dr  (D) 4 r dr 
2 2 2 2

54. Choose the correct statement among the following:

(A)  2 represents the atomic orbital
(B) The number of peaks in radial distribution is n-1
(C) A node is a point in space around nucleus where the wave function  has zero value
(D) all of the these

55. Which of the following statements regarding an orbital are correct

(A) An orbital is a definite trajectory around the nucleus in which electron can move

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 (B) An orbital always has spherical trajectory
(C) An orbital is the region around the nucleus where here is a 90 - 95% probability of finding all
the electrons of an atom
(D) An orbital is characterized by 3 quantum numbers n, l and m

56. The number of nodal planes in a px orbital is

(A) one (B) two (C) three (D) zero

57. For a 4d electron the orbital angular momentum is: ( h  h / 2 )

(A) 6h (B) 12h (C) 2h (D) zero

58. If travelling at equal speeds, the longest wavelength of the following matter waves is that of
(A) electron (B) proton (C) neutron (D) alpha particle

59. Which subshell doesn’t exist?

(A) 7s (B) 3d (C) 3f (D) 5d

60. The quantum number not obtained from the Schrodinger’s wave equation is
(A) n (B) l (C) m (D) s

61. The orbital angular momentum of an electron in 2s orbital is

1 h
(A) + . . (B) ze ro (C) (D)
2 2

62. The value of the magnetic moment of a particular ion is 2.83 Bohr magneton. The ion is
(A) Fe2+ (B) Ni2+ (C) Mn2+ (D) Co3+

63. If an ion of 25Mn has a magnetic moment of 3.873 B.M. Then Mn is in which state.
(A) + 2 (B) + 3 (C) + 4 (D) + 5

64. Which of the following statements is not correct?

(A) The shape of an atomic orbital depends on the azimuthal quantum number
(B) The orientation of an atomic orbital depends on the magnetic quantum number
(C) The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital of multi election atom depends only on
the principal quantum number
(D) The number of degenerate atomic orbitals of one type depends on the values of
azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers.

65. Which of the following statement concerning the four quantum numbers is false
(A) n gives idea of the size of an orbital
(B) l gives the shape of an orbital
(C) m gives the energy of the electron in the orbital
(D) s gives the direction of spin of the electron in an orbital.

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66. Select the correct statement from following:

A: Splitting of spectra line occurs when placed in a magnetic field or in an electric field.

B: In case of 1s- orbital, the density of the electron cloud is the greatest near the nucleus and falls off
with the distance.

C: Electron – density is concentrated along a particular direction in case of 2p-orbital

D: A particular p-orbital can take maximum of six electrons

(A) A, B, D (B) A, B (C) B, C, D (D) A, C, D

67. If the nodes at infinity is not neglected, then what is the total number of radial and angular nodes of 5f-
orbitals?
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) infinity

68 How many spherical nodes are present in a 4s orbital in hydrogen atom -

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

69. The following graph between 2 probability density and distance from the
2
nucleus represents -
(A) 2s (B) 3s (C) 1s (D) 2p

GRAVITY -2

1. In Ca atom how many e– contains m = 0

(A) 12 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 18

2. For a d electron, the orbital angular momentum is

(A) 6h (B) 2h (C) h (D) 2h

3. If an ion of 25Mn has a magnetic moment of 3.873 B.M. Then Mn is in which state.

(A) + 2 (B) + 3 (C) + 4 (D) + 5

4. A compound of vanadium has a magnetic moment (  ) of 1.73 BM. If the vanadium ion in the
compound is present as Vx+, then, the value of x is?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

5. If 0 is the threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission,  wavelength of light falling on the surface
of metal, and m, mass of electron, then de Broglie wavelength of emitted electron is
1 1 1 1
 h ( 0 )  2  h ( 0   )  2  h (   0 )  2  h  0 )  2
(A)   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 2mc (0   )   2mc  0   2mc  0   2mc 

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6. Given H for the process Li(g)  Li+3(g) + 3e– is 19800 kJ/mole & IE1 for Li is 520 then IE2 & IE1
of Li+ are respectively (approx, value)
(A) 11775, 7505 (B) 19280, 520 (C) 11775, 19280 (D) Data insufficient

7. The ratio of difference in wavelengths of 1st and 2nd lines of Lyman series in H–like atom to difference
in wavelength for 2nd and 3rd lines of same series is:
(A) 2.5 : 1 (B) 3.5 : 1 (C) 4.5 : 1 (D) 5.5 : 1

8. A certain atomic transition from an excited state to the ground state of the hydrogen atom in one or more
steps give rise to four line in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. How many lines does this transition
produce in the infrared region of the spectrum
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 6

9. A surface ejects electrons when hitted by green light but not. When hitted by yellow light. Will electrons
be ejected if the surface is hitted by red light:
(A) Yes
(B) No
(C) Yes, if the red beam is quite intense
(D) Yes, if the red beam continues to fall upon the surface for a long time

10. An electron in a hydrogen atom in its ground state absorbs 1.5 times as much energy as the minimum
required for the escape from the atom. What is the wavelength of the emitted electron?
(A) 4.7 Å (B) 4.7nm (C) 9.4 Å (D) 9.4nm

11. Calculate the mass of the photon with a wavelength corresponding to the series limit of Balmer
transitions of the He+ ion in kg?
(A) 4.22×10"36 (B) 2.24×10"34 (C) 2.42×10-35 (D) 4.22×10"36

12. When photons of energy 4.25 eV strike the surface of a metal A. The ejected photoelectrons have
maximum kinetic energy (T(A) (expressed in eV) and de-Broglie wavelength ((A). The max kinetic
energy of photoelectrons liberated from another Metal B by photons of enegy 4.2 eV is TB.Where TB=
(TA1.5). If De-Broglie wave length of these photoelectrons B (B =2A), then which of the following is
not correct

(A) The work function of A is 2.25 eV. (B) The work function of B is 3.7 eV
(C) TA = 2.0 eV, (D) TB =0 .75 eV

13. The ratio of the energy of the electron in ground state of hydrogen atom to that of the electron in the first
excited state of Be3+ is
(A) 1:4 (B) 1:8 (C) 1:16 (D) 16:1

14. For the energy levels in an atom which one of the following statements is(are) correct?
(A) There are seven principal electron energy levels
(B) The second principal energy level can have 4 sub energy levels and contain a max. of 8 electrons
(C) The M energy level can have a maximum of 32 electrons
(D) The 4s sub-energy level is at a lower energy that the 3d sub-energy level

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15. The wave mechanical model of atom is based upon
(A) de Broglie concept of dual character of matter (B) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
(C) Schrodinger wave equation (D) all the above three

16. Choose the correct statement

(A) Electronic energy is positive
(B)  2 represents the probability of finding an electron per unit volume
(C)  represents the probability of finding an electron
(D) none of the above is correct

17. When work function WA for a photoelectric material A is 2 eV & WB for another photoelectric material
B is 4 eV. If the photons of energy EA strike with surface of A the ejected photoelectrons have minimum
de-Broglie wavelength A and photons of energy EA strike the surface of B, the ejected photoelectrons
have minimum de-Broglie wavelength B. Where EB= (EA+0.5) eV and B =2A, VA and VB are
respective stopping potentials then which of the following is not correct
(A) EA = 4 eV (B) EA = 4.5 eV (C) VA = 2 Volts (D) VB =0 .5 Volts
3/ 2
1  1  2rZ
18. For a 3s-orbital,  (3s )    (6  6   2 )e  / 2 ; where 
9 3  a 0  3a 0

What is the maximum radial distance of node from nucleus?

(3  3 ) a0 a0 3 (3  3 ) a0 2a 0
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Z Z 2 Z Z

19. For the 1s electron what is the probability of finding the electron at the nucleus (r = 0)
1 1
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) None
 a 03 a 03

20. For the 1s electron what is the probability of finding the electron in a small region dv positioned at a
point (x,y, z) if x2 + y2 + z2 = a02 in the limit dv ® 0 ?
1 1
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) None
 a 03  a 03
3/ 2 
1  z    2Zr 
21. For the 2s electron in a hydrogenic species the R(2s) =   (2 – ) e 2  where   
2 2  a 0   na 0 
1
and the X(s) = . Find the value of x2 + y2 + z2 for any point where the probability density is zero.
4
2 2
 2a0  2a 0  a0  a0
(A)   (B) (C)   (D) (E) None
 z  z  z  z
1
22. The probability density of the electron at the nucleus for a 2s electron is X = and R =
4
3/ 2
1  z   zr 
  (2 – ) e–/2  where   
2 2  a 2   a0 

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 3 3
1  z  1 z 
(A) 0 (B)   (C)   (D) 1 (E) None
8  a0  2  a0 

23 The most probable radius at which an electron will be found when it occupies the 1s orbital in a
hydrogenic atom is
a
(A) r = 0 (B) r = a0 (C) r = 0 (D) r = 2 a 0 (E) None
z

24. Which of the following statements are correct for an electron that has n = 4 and m = -2?
(A) The electron may be in a d-orbital
(B) The electron is in the fourth principal electronic shell
(C) The electron may be in a p-orbital
(D) The electron must have the spin quantum number = +1/2.

25. Which of the following statement is/are wrong?

(A) If the value of l = 0, the electron distribution is spherical
(B) The shape of the orbital is given by magnetic quantum no.
(C) Angular moment of 1s, 2s, 3s electrons are equal
(D) In an atom, all electrons travel with the same velocity

26. Which of the following transitions are allowed in the normal electronic emission spectrum
of an atom?
(A) 2s  1s (B) 2p  1s (C) 3d  2p (D) 5d  2s

27. The probability of finding an electron in the p x orbital is

(A) zero at nucleus
(B) the same on all the sides around nucleus
(C) zero on the z-axis
(D) maximum on the two opposite sides of the nucleus along the x-axis

28. For the energy levels in an atom which one of the following statements is/are correct?

(A) 4f subshell has maximum 14 electrons.

(B) The 2nd principal energy level can have 4 sub energy levels and contains a maximum of 8

electrons

(C) The M energy level can have a maximum of 32 electrons

(D) The 4s sub energy level is at lower energy than the 3d sub energy level

29. Which of the following statements are correct for an electron that has n = 4 and m =”2?

(A) The electron may be in a d orbital

(B) The electron is in the fourth principal electronic shell

(C) The electron may be in a p-orbital

(D) The electron may have the spin quantum number =0.5

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30. Which of the following is/are correct??

(A) For all values of n the p-orbitals have the same shape but the overall size increases as n

increases, for a given atom

(B) The fact that there is a particular direction, along which each p-orbital has maximum
electron density, plays an important role in determining molecular geometries
(C) The charge cloud of a single electron in 2px atomic orbital consists of two lobes of electron density

(D) None is correct

31. Which of the following statements is/are correct??

(A) The energy of an electron in a many electron atom generally increases with an increase in the
value of n, but for a given (n+l), the lower the value of l, the lower is the energy.
(B) An electron close to the nucleus experiences a large electrostatic attraction
(C) For a given value of n, an s-electron penetrates of the nucleus more than a p-electron which
penetrates more than a d-electrons and so on
(D) None is correct

32. The mathematical expression for the uncertainty principal is

(A) Δ x Δp e” h/4π (B) Δ EΔt e” h/4π (C) Δ x Δp e” h/p (D) ΔEΔt e” h/p

33. Choose the correct relations on the basis of Bohr‘s theory

(A) Velocity of electron á1/n (B) Frequency of revolution á 1/n3

(C) Radius of orbit á n2Z (D) Force on electron á 1/n4

34. Photoelectric effect supports quantum nature of light because

(A) There is a minimum frequency below which no emission of photoelectron is possible

(B) Maximum KE of photo electrons depends only on frequency of light and not on intensity

(C) Even when the metal surface is faintly illuminated the photoelectron leave the surface

immediately
(D) Electric charge of the photoelectrons is quantized

Passage –1
The only electron in the hydrogen atom resides under ordinary conditions on the first orbit. When
energy is supplied, the electron moves to higher energy shells depending on the amount of energy
absorbed. When this electron returns to any of the lower energy shells, it emits energy. Lyman series is
formed when the electron returns to the lowest energy state while Balmer series is formed when the
electron returns to second energy shell. Similarly, Paschen, Brackett and Pfund series are formed when
electron returns to the third, fourth and fifth energy shells from higher energy shells respectively. Thus,
the different spectral lines in the spectra of atoms correspond to different transitions of electrons from
higher energy levels to lower energy levels.

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35. If the shortest wavelength of H atom in Lyman series is x , then longest wavelength in Balmer
series of He + is :
9x 36x x 5x
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 4 9

36. The ratio of the number of spectral lines obtained when an electron jumps from 7th level to ground state
to 6th level to 3rd level.
(A) 7 (B) 3.5 (C) 2.5 (D) 10
37. In hydrogen atom which of the following transitions should be associated with highest absorption of
energy?
(A) n = 1 to n = 4 (B) n = 2 to n = 3 (C) n = 4 to n = 1 (D) n = 3 to n = 2

Passage–2
h
de Broglie proposed dual nature for electron by putting his famous equation   . Later on
mu
n h 
Heisenburg proposed uncertainty principle as p. x  n  . On the contrary particle nature of
2 2 
electron was established on the basis of photoelectric effect. When a photon strikes the metal surface, it
gives up its energy to the electron. Part of this energy (saw W) is used by the electrons to escape from
the metal and the remaining imparts the kinetic energy (1/2 mu 2 ) to the photoelectron. The potential
applied on the surface to reduce the velocity of photoelectron to zero is known as stopping potential.

38. The wavelength of helium atom whose speed is equal to its rms speed at 270 C:
(A) 7.29  10 11 m (B) 4.28  10 10 m (C) 5.31  10 11 m (D) 6.28  10 11 m

39. With what potential should a beam of electron be accelerated so that its wavelength becomes equal to
0
1.54 A :
(A) 63.3V (B) 6.33V (C) 633V (D) None of these

40. The wavelength of a golf ball weighing 200g and moving at a speed of 5m/hr is of the order
(A) 10 10 m (B) 10 20 m (C) 10 30 m (D) 10 40 m

Passage–3
If Hydrogen gas enclosed in a sealed tube is heated to high-temperature, it emits radiation, if this
radiations is passed through a prism, components of different wavelengths are deviated by different
amounts and thus we get the Hydrogen-spectrum. The most striking feature in this spectrum is that is
only some sharply defined, discrete wavelengths exist in the emitted radiations. A hydrogen sample also
emits radiations with wavelengths less than those in visible range and also with wavelength larger than
those in visible range. We get that x lines may be grouped in seperate series i.e lyman series, Balmer,
series, paschen, Brackett, pfund.

Lyman Balmer Paschen Brackett Pfund

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 (a) Balmer’s Law. The actual development of the spectroscopy started in 1885 when J.J.
Balmer found that the wave-length of the hydrogen lines could be represented by the
 n2 
formula:  = B  2 
2 
2 n 
where B is a constant, n is an integer with variable values 3,4,5,..... etc.

41. In which of the following transistion energy change is minimum

(A) 1  2 (B) 2  3 (C) 4  5 (D) 3  4

42. What is the wavelength of radiation emitted when the e–s in a hydrogen atom jumps from n =  to
pfund series
(A) 6463 nm (B) 2283 nm (C) 3650 nm (D) 8265 nm

43. Difference of wavelength of extreme lines for Lyman Series is

1 5 3 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3R 36 R 4R R

Passage–4
The behaviour of an electron in an atom is described mathematically by a wave function, or orbital. It
turns out that each wave function contains three variables, called quantum numbers, which are
represented as n, l and ml . These quantum numbers describe the energy level of an orbital and define
the shape and orientation of the region in space where the electron will be found.

44. Which quantum number determines orientation of the electron ?

(A) Principal (B) Secondary (C) Magnetic (D) Spin

45. Radial nodes are maximum in

(A) 4s (B) 4p (C) 3d (D) 5f

Passage – 5
Consider following statements.
A. Splitting of spectral line occurs when placed in a magnetic field or in an electric field
B. In case of 1s-orbital, the density of the charge cloud is the greatest at the nucleus and falls
off with the distance. The density (at a particular distance) is uniform
C. Electron-density is concentrated along a particular direction in case of 2p-orbital.
D. A p-orbital can take maximum of six electrons. Select the correct option
(A) A, B, D (B) A, B, C (C) B, C, D (D) A, C, D

The electrons in a poly – electronic atom are filled one by one in order of increasing energy level. The
energy of subshells and orientation of orbitals depends upon the values of three quantum numbers (i.e. n
, l and m respectively) derived from Schrodinger wave equation. The different orbitals of a subshells
however posses same energy level and are called degenerate orbitals but their energy level changes in
presence of magnetic field and the orbitals are non – degenerate. A spectral line is noticed if an electron
jumps from one level to other. The paramagnetic nature of element is due to the presence of unpaired
electron.

46. P3- is isoelectronic with:

(A) N 3- (B) As3+ (C) Cl - (D) F

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47. The number of unpaired electrons in Cr atom is:
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 6
48. The element which has as many ‘s’ electrons as ‘p’ electrons but belong to III period is :
(A) O (B) Mg (C) Al (D) C

49. The total magnetic moment of Ni 2 ion is:

(A) 6 BM (B) 8 BM (C) 15 BM (D) 12 BM

50. The number of spherical and angular nodes in 2p orbitals are:

(A) 1, 1 (B) 2, 1 (C) 1, 0 (D) 0, 1

Match the column type

51 (A) n = 6  n = 3 (In H-atom) (p) 10 lines in the spectrum
(B) n = 7  n = 3 (In H-atom) (q) spectral lines in visible region
(C) n = 5  n = 2 (In H-atom) (r) 6 lines in the spectrum
(D) n = 6  n = 2 (In H-atom) (s) Spectral lines in infrared region

52 Column-I Column-II
(A) 2s (P) Angular node = 1
(B) 1s (Q) Radial node = 0
(C) 2p (R) Radial node = 1
(D) 3p (S) Angular node = 0

53. Column - I Column - II

(A) Total Energy of e” (p)  Z 2
(B) Revolution frequency of e” (q)  Z 3
(C) Acceleration of e” (r) Decreases as orbit number increases
(D) Radius of orbit (s) Increases as orbit number increases
54. Column-I Column-II
(A) The d-orbital which has two angular nodes (p) 3d x 2  y 2
(B) The d-orbital with two nodal surfaces formed cones (q) 3d z 2
(C) The orbital with two radial nodes (r) 4f
(D) The orbital which has three angular nodes (s) 3s

55. Column-I Column-II

h
(A) Orbital angular momentum of an electron (p) s ( s  1)
2
(B) Angular momentum of an electron in an orbit (q) n (n  2)
nh
(C) Spin angular momentum of an electron (r)
2
h
(D) Magnetic moment of atom (in B.M.) (s) l (l  1)
2

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 GRAVITY -3

1. A certain dye absorbs 4530 Å and fluoresces at 5080 Å these being wavelengths of maximum
absorption that under given conditions 47% of the absorbed energy is emitted. Calculate the ratio of the
no. of quanta emitted to the number absorbed.

2. The reaction between H2 and Br2 to form HBr in presence of light is initiated by the photo
decomposition of Br2 into free Br atoms (free radicals) by absorption of light. The bond dissociation
energy of Br2 is 192 KJ/mole. What is the longest wavelength of the photon that would initiate the
reaction.

3. Suppose 10-17 J of light energy is needed by the interior of the human eye to see an object. How many
photons of green light (  = 550 nm) are needed to generate this minimum amount of energy.

4. The K.E. of an electron emitted from tungstan surface is 3.06 eV. What voltage would be required to
bring the electron to rest.

5. A monochromatic source of light operating at 600 watt emits 2 ´1022 photons per second. Find the
wavelength of the light.

6. A potential difference of 20 KV is applied across an X-ray tube. Find the minimum wavelength of X-ray
generated.

7. A metal was irriadated by light of frequency 3.2 × 1015 S-1. The photoelectron produced had its KE,
2 times the KE of the photoelectron which was produced when the same metal was irriadated with a
light of frequency 2.0 ×1015 S-1. What is work function.

8. Calculate the wavelength of first line of the (i) Lyman series and (ii) Balmer series (iii) Paschen series
assuming the Rydberg constant as 109, 678 cm–

9. What transition in the hydrogen spectrum would have the same wavelength as the Balmer transition, n=4
to n=2 of He+ spectrum.

10. Find the wavelength of the radiation required to excite the electron in Li + 2 from the first to the third
Bohr orbit. How many spectral lines are observed in the emission spectrum of the above excited system?
What are the maximum number of lines that will be observed from a sample containing only one atom in
the excited state as above.

11. Whenever a photon is emitted by hydrogen in Balmer series, it is followed by another photon in Lyman
series. What wavelength does this latter photon correspond to?

12. Calculate the wave number for the shortest wavelength transition in the Balmer series of atomic
hydrogen.

13. The photoelectric effect consists of the emission of electron from the surface of the metal when the
metal is irradiated with light. A photon with a minimum energy of 3.97 ´10–19J is necessary to eject an
electron from barium.

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 (A) What is frequency of the radiation corresponding to this value?
(B) Will the blue light with wave length 450 nm be able to eject the electron?

14. Energy required to stop the ejection of electrons from Cu plate is 0.24 eV. when radiation of l = 253.7
nm strikes the plate Calculate the work function.

1
15. Calculate de-Broglie wavelength of an electron moving with a speed of nearly th that of light
20

16. What is uncertainty in velocity of an electron if uncertainty in its position is 1Å?

17. Calculate energy of electron which is moving in the orbit that has its rad. sixteen times the rad. of first
Bohr orbit for H–atom.

18. Electrons of energy 12.09 eV can excite hydrogen atoms. To which orbit is the electron in the hydrogen
atom raised and what are the wavelengths of the radiations emitted as it drops back to the ground state.

19. A doubly ionised lithium atom is hydrogen like with atomic number z = 3. Find the wavelength of the
radiation required to excite the electron in Li2+ from the first to the third Bohr orbit.

20. Average lifetime of a hydrogen atom excited to n = 2 state is 10 8 s. find the number of revolutions
made by the electron on the average before it jumps to the ground state.

21. According to Bohr’s theory, the electronic energy of hydrogen atom in the nth Bohr’s orbit is given by
 21.67  10 19
En = J. Calculate the longest wavelength of light that will be needed to remove an
n2
electron from the third Bohr orbit of the He+ ion.

22. A stationary He+ ion emitted a photon corresponding to a first line of the Lyman series. The photon
liberated a photoelectron from a stationary H atom in ground state. What is the velocity of
photoelectron?

23. What is de-Broglie wavelength of a He-atom in a container at room temperature.(Use Uavg)

24. Through what potential difference must an electron pass to have a wavelength of 500 Å.

25. A proton is accelerated to one- tenth of the velocity of light. If its velocity can be measured with a
precision + 1%. What must be its uncertainity in position.

26. To what effective potential a proton beam be subjected to give its protons a wavelength of 1 ×10-10 m.

27. A single electron orbits around a stationary nucleus of charge +Ze where Z is a constant from the
nucleus and e is the magnitude of the electric charge. The hydrogen like species required 47.2 eV to
excite the electron from the second Bohr orbit to the third Bohr orbit. Find
(i) the value of Z and give the hydrogen like species formed.
(ii) the kinetic energy and potential energy of the electron in the first Bohr orbit.

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28. (A) Light from a discharge tube containing hydrogen atoms falls on the surface of a piece of sodium.
The kinetic energy of the fastest photo electrons emitted from sodium is 0.73 eV. The work function for
sodium is 1.82 eV. Find
i) The energy of the photons causing the photo electric emission.
ii) The quantum numbers of the two levels involved in the emission of these photons.

29. An electron in order to have a wavelength of 500Å, through what potential difference it must pass?

30. An electron already accelerated through a potential drop of V1 volts is further accelerated
a potential drop of V2 volts .Its de Broglie wavelength ë1 before the second acceleration and ë2
after it. The change Äë is 47.48% of ë1. Calculate the ratio V1:V2.

31. A hydrogen like atom (atomic no. Z) is in a higher excited state of quantum number ‘n’. This excited
atom can make a transition to the first excited state by successively emitting two photons of energies
10.2 eV and 17.00 eV respectively. Alternatively, the atom from the same excited state can make a
transition to the second excited state by successively emitting two photons of energy 4.25 eV and 5.95
eV respectively. Determine the values of n and Z.

32. The energy needed for the reaction is Li ( g )  Li(g3)  3e is 20000 KJ/ mole. If the first ionization
energy of lithium is 520KJ/ mole, calculate its second & third ionization energy

33. The threshold wavelength for photoelectric effect for a metal is 230nm. Determine the K.E. of the
photoelectron ejected from the surface by U.V. radiation emitted from the 2nd longest wavelength
transition (downward) of electron in Lyman series of atomic spectrum of hydrogen.
x) For the 2s orbital
3/ 2
1 1  z   zr 
X= and R    (2   ) e  / 2  where   
4 2 2  a0   a 0 
(3  5 ) a 0
Show that the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus is given by r* =
z
34. An unknown orbital is having the following equation for the radial component of its wave
function.
3/ 2
2 z   2 zr 2 z 2 r 2   zr / 3a0
     3   e
3  3a 0   a0 9a 0 2 
(a) identity the type of orbital. Justify
(b) Number, location & shape of angular node
(c) Number of radial nodes, the distance of the radial nodes & shapes of radial nodes.

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 GRAVITY -1

ANSWER KEY

1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B

8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C

15. A 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. B

22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B

29. C 30. C 31. A. 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. A

36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. D 41. D 42. A

43. A 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. A

50. B 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. C 55. D 56. C

57. A 58. A 59. C 60. D 61. B 62. B 63. C

64. C 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. A

GRAVITY -2

ANSWER KEY

1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B

8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A

15. D 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. A

22. B 23. C 24. A B 25. B D 26. A B C D 27.A C D 28. A D

29. A B D 30. A B C 31. B C 32. A B 33. A B D 34. A B C 35. A

36.B 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C 41. C 42. B

43. A 44 . C 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. B

50. D 51. A:rs,B:ps,C:qrs,D:pqs 52.A:rs,B:qs,C:pq,D;pr 53..A:ps, B:r, C:qr, D:s

54.A:p,B:q,C:s,D:r 55.A:s,B:r,C:p,D:q

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 GRAVITY -3

ANSWER KEY

1. 0.527 2. 6235 3. 121.56 4. 306 V

0
5. 6630 nm 6. 0.62 A 7. 319.2 kJ mol-1 8. 1215, 6565, 18750

9. 2 10. 11.4nm, 3, 2 11. 28 12. 27419.25 cm-1

13. 5.9  10 4 , yes 14. 4.64 eV 15. 4.85  10 11 m 16. 5.7  10 5 m / sec

0 0 0 0
17. 1.36  10 19 J 18. 3, 6563 A, 1215 A, 1026 A 19. 113.7 A

0
20. 8.2  10 6 21. 2055 A 22. 3.09  10 8 cm / sec

0
23. 0.79 A 24. 6  10 4 V 25. 1.05  10 13

26. 0. 0826 V 27. 28. 2.55 eV , n  2, 4

29. 6  10 4 V 30. 0.381 31. z = 3, n = 6

1  n2h2  a0 a  1 
 e 2 1  log  1  
4  2 e 2 mk 
2,
34. a) 3s b) 2  c) 2 2  3

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