COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, WAH

CAMPUS

SUBMITTED BY: -

NAMES: REGISTRATION NO:

Muhammad Abubaker Siddiq FA20-BEE-026
Muhammad Usama Dilshad FA20-BEE-031
Muhammad Haroon Akhtar FA20-BEE-028
Wajahat Khan FA20-BEE-014

SUBMITTED TO: -

MA’AM KANWAL SAEED

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 PROJECT PROPOSAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS: -

1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………3

1.1 project description………………………………………………………………3

2. Components…………………………………………………………………………3

2.1 74LS190 counter ………………………………………………………………3

2.2 74LS47 BCD to 7 segment decoders…………………………………………4

2.3 2x ultrasound sensors ………………………………………………………….4

2.4 Logic gates ………………………………………………………………………4

2.5 2x 7-segment displays …………………………………………………………4

2.6 One-bit output STOP …………………………………………………………5

3. Working principle……………………………………………………………………5

4. Descriptive model……………………………………………………………………5

5. Motivation…………………………………………………………………………….5

6. Conclusions……………………………………………………………………………6

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 1. Introduction:

• By making it easier to find empty parking spaces, digital parking can help to
reduce traffic and lessen the risk of distracted driving. Digital parking technology
can assist drivers in locating parking spaces by using sensors to identify if a space
is available or occupied, as well as lighting to indicate this.
• Parallel parking, perpendicular parking, and angle parking are the three most
typical parking layouts for most motorized vehicles. The primary goal of a digital
auto parking system is to shorten the time it takes to identify parking spaces,
hence lowering fuel usage.
• To reduce traffic issues when parking a car, we developed a concept called the
digital parking system, which employs specific sensors to alert us to the
availability of parking spaces. Because these sensors notify us which slot number
is available for auto parking, this digital technology helps to reduce traffic issues
in urban areas.

1.1 project description:

It is required that the number of free slots in a parking place is always displayed, using
only two inputs:
• Car entrance

• Car exit

2. Components:

The components that are used in making a digital auto parking system are as follows:

• 74LS190 counter.
• 74LS47 BCD to 7 segment decoders.
• 2x ultrasound sensors.
• Logic gates.
• 2x 7-segment displays.
• One-bit output STOP.

2.1 74LS190 counter:

The SN54/74LS190 is a synchronous UP/ DOWN BCD Decade (8421) Counter.

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 2.2 74LS47 BCD to 7 segment decoders:

• The 74LS47 IC is designed for driving common – anode LEDs or incandescent

indicators directly. It accepts a binary coded decimal as input and converts it into
a pattern to drive a seven-segment for displaying digits 0 to 9.
• A BCD to Seven Segment decoder is a combinational logic device that takes a
BCD decimal digit as input and creates appropriate outputs for the segments to
show the decimal digit. The following table was taken from the datasheet for the
CD4511 IC. This is an interactive truth table.

D C B A a b c d e f g h
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 2
0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 3
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 4
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 5
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 6
0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 7
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8
1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 9

2.3 2x ultrasound sensors:

It is used to detect when a vehicle enters or leaves a parking lot.

2.4 Logic gates:

Logic gates are basic building blocks of any digital system. Relationship between the
input and the output is based on a certain logic.

2.5 2x 7-segment displays:

• We use two 7-segment displays. A seven-segment display is a type of electrical

display that shows decimal numbers in seven segments. Digital clocks, electronic
meters, and other electronic devices that display numerical data frequently use
seven-segment displays.
• LEDs 7-segment displays are simply seven LEDs arranged in a specific pattern.
Each of the seven LEDs is referred to as a segment because when illuminated, it
forms part of the numerical digit that will be shown.

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 2.6 One-bit output STOP:

It prevents more cars to enter the parking lot.

3. Working principle:

• When a car parks in a slot, the laser light ceases falling on the LDR, increasing
the resistance of the LDR, and the signal to be communicated to IC ceases,
signaling that the slot is not accessible for automobile parking. When there is no
car parked in the slot, laser light falls on the LDR, the resistance of the LDR
decreases, and a signal is sent to the IC indicating that the slot is available for
parking.
• Cameras, sensors embedded in pavements, and other detecting equipment are
used in digital parking. Sensors detect vacant parking spaces and relay the
information to drivers, allowing them to obtain a better picture of where to park.

4. Descriptive model:

Block diagram:

5 Motivation:

A car parking system is the best way to show the understanding of core topics to
represent use of circuits and logic gates in everyday lives. Car parking system is
one of the systems that we use on daily basis operated on the principle of logic
gates and circuits.

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 6 Conclusions:

Based on the above descriptions and ideas, we have determined that a circuit will
be built that operates on the piezoelectric sensor on the car's weight as the park's
operating basis (here small push button). When the car's button is pressed, the
counter adds or subtracts one from the total.

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