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Exp - 9 Linear Block Code

The document discusses linear block codes. It defines that in linear block codes, parity bits and message bits have a linear combination to form the codeword. It explains that 'k' message bits are encoded to 'n' codeword bits, where 'n' is greater than 'k'. The extra 'n-k' bits are parity bits which help in error detection and correction. The code rate 'r' is defined as the ratio of k/n, where r is less than 1.

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Sahil Talathi
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42 views

Exp - 9 Linear Block Code

The document discusses linear block codes. It defines that in linear block codes, parity bits and message bits have a linear combination to form the codeword. It explains that 'k' message bits are encoded to 'n' codeword bits, where 'n' is greater than 'k'. The extra 'n-k' bits are parity bits which help in error detection and correction. The code rate 'r' is defined as the ratio of k/n, where r is less than 1.

Uploaded by

Sahil Talathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aim: To study linear block code for a given sequence

Apparatus: MATLAB

Theory:

In the linear block codes, the parity bits and message bits have a linear combination, which
means that the resultant code word is the linear combination of any two code words.
Let us consider some blocks of data, which contains k bits in each block. These bits are
mapped with the blocks which has 'n' bits in each block. Here 'n' is greater than 'k'. The
transmitter adds redundant bits which are 'n−k' bits. The ratio k/n is the code rate. It is
denoted by 'r' and the value of 'r' is r < 1.
The n−k bits added here, are parity bits. Parity bits help in error detection and error
correction, and also in locating the data. In the data being transmitted, the left most bits of the
code word correspond to the message bits, and the right most bits of the code word
correspond to the parity bits.

Question: The parity check matrix of a (7,4) hamming code is a given by

H=[ 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 ; 1 1 1 0 0 1 0; 1 0 1 1 0 0 1], Calculate the syndrome vector for single bit


error and also correct the error.
Conclusion : Hence we verified linear block code using MATLAB.

CODE:

% Linear Block Codes


clc;clear;

k = input('Enter the value of k: ');


n = input('Enter the value of n: ');
p = input('Enter the parity matrix 3x3: ')

% Generating the message matrix


for i = 1:2^k
for j = k:-1:1
if (rem(i-1,2^(-j+k+1)) >= 2^(-j+k))
x(i, j) = 1;
else
x(i, j) = 0;
end
end
end

disp('Messages:');
x

% Generating parity bits matrix


paritybits = rem(x*p, 2)

% Obtaining the codewords


disp('Codewords:');
c = horzcat(x, paritybits)

% Obtaining parity check matrix and its transpose


i = eye(n-k)
h = horzcat(p', i)
ht = h'

% Taking input - the received codeword


r = input('Enter the received codeword: ');

% Calculating the syndrome matrix


disp('Syndrome:');
s = rem(r*ht, 2)
% Detecting the bit in error
for i = 1:n
if (s(1,1) == ht(i,1) && s(1,2) == ht(i,2) && s(1,3) == ht(i,3))
err = i
% Correcting the bit in error
if (r(1, err) == 1)
r(1, err) = 0
else
r(1, err) = 1
end
end
end

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