General

Physics 1 12
Earth Science – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Measurement
First Edition, 2020

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General
Biology 1 12
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 1

Measurement
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 Self-Learning Module 1 on Measurement

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 Self-Learning Module 1 on Measurement

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

The module is about solving measurement problems involving conversion of

units, expression of measurement in scientific notation.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. convert measurements from one unit to another unit;
2. write measurements in scientific notation form; and
3. appreciate the importance of the conversion of units and expression of
measurement in scientific notation in solving problems.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your notebook.

1. What is the equivalent unit of 42.3 centimeters in a meter?

A. 0.0423 m
B. 0.423 m
C. 4.23 m
D. 42.3 m
2. Which of the following is equivalent to a 76.2 picometer?
A. 1.1 x 10 -2 m
B. 2.1 x 10 3 m
C. 2.278 x 10 8 km
D. 7.62 x 10 -8 mm
3. In writing scientific notation, the exponent is positive if the decimal is
moved
A. to the left
B. to the right
C. twice to the left
D. twice to the right
4. In multiplying numbers in scientific notation, what do we do to the
exponent?
A. We add the exponent
B. We subtract the exponent
C. We multiply the exponent
D. We divide the exponent
 5. In Hindu chronology, the longest time measure is a para. One para equals
311 040 000 000 000 years. What is the value in nanoseconds?
A. 9.8157 x 10 29 ns
B. 98.157 x 10 30 ns
C. 9.8157 x 10 30 ns
D. 9.8157 x 10 31 ns

RECAP

In your previous Physics subjects, you have learned that Physical Quantities
have a numerical value (a number) and a unit of measurement (e.g., three meters,
ten kilograms). There is a group of physical quantities that can be measured directly
without depending on other quantities. Those quantities are called
Fundamental/Base Quantities. The quantities that use any combination of
fundamental quantities are called Derived Quantities.

By completing the table below, recall some fundamental and derived

quantities, their symbol, and SI unit:

Name of 7 Fundamental
Symbol SI Unit
Quantities
Mass

Meter (m)

Electric Current

Luminous intensity

Mole (mol)

Name of Some Derived

Symbol Formula/Equation SI Unit
Quantities
= work/time

Acceleration

Newton (N)

= displacement/time
 LESSON

Proper handwashing
How important checking And how well do you
suggests 30 seconds
your body temperature manage social distancing
rubbing both hands with
nowadays? The normal in the new normal set-
soap and water to
body temperature is 37 up? Do you know how
effectively remove germs
degrees Celsius, what is many kilometers there in
and bacteria. How many
the equivalent in the the suggested 2-meter
minutes equivalent is 30
Kelvin scale? distance are apart?
seconds?

Time, temperature, and distance are some of the physical quantities that are
paramount during the time of the pandemic. And if your answers to these
questions are 0.5-minute, 310.15 kelvin and 0.002 kilometers,

then you are CORRECT!

Conversion of units is the conversion between different units of measurement

for the same quantity, typically through multiplicative conversion factors.

Example: The distance between Pasig City Hall and Karangalan Village
Manggahan is 5.1 kilometers away. Find its distance in a meter. Remember the
conversion factor, 1 kilometer = 1000 meters.
1000 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
5.1 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 = = 5, 100 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
1 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
Note that the kilometer unit is being canceled, therefore, the answer is in the
meter.

An important feature of the metric system is the use of prefixes to express

larger and smaller values of a quantity. For example, a large number of grams can
be expressed in kilograms, and a fraction of a gram could be expressed in milligrams.
 Unit prefixes are symbols placed before the symbol of a unit to specify the
order of magnitude of the quantity. They make it easier to express very large or very
small quantities.

Table 1: Commonly Used Prefixes

Prefix Symbol Multiple of Unit

pico p 10-12
nano n 10-9
micro µ, mc 10-6
milli m 10-3
centi c 10-2
deci d 10-1
deca da 101
hecto h 102
kilo k 103
mega M 106
giga G 109
tera T 1012

You may not

Do you know recognize it while
that light travel cleaning, but the
with the speed weight of a dust is
of 300000000 about 0. 000 000
m/s? 000 753 kg.

Fig. 1: Flashes of Fig. 2: Duster used

light from lighthouse for cleaning dust

Regular Notation is the standard way of writing numbers. For example, seven
hundred sixty can be written as 760.

On the other hand, very large and very small numbers can be rewritten in the
power of ten. This method is used in Scientific Notation, the convenient and
shorthand way of writing really large or really small numbers.

Example: 280,000,000 can be written in scientific notation as 2.8 x 10 8.

A number that is
greater than 1 but
2.8 x 108 Is always a power
of 10.
less than 10.
 The power of the exponent tells us how many places to move the decimal point.
The sign of the exponent tells us which direction to move it.

Writing Standard Notation to Scientific Notation:

If the decimal is moved to the left, the If the decimal is moved to the right, the
exponent will be positive exponent will be negative

Example:
Move the decimal after 1 and before 8. That is 4 places
0.000187 1.87 x 10-4
to the right. Multiply 1.87 by 10 to the 4th power

Writing Scientific Notation to Standard Notation:

If the exponent is negative, move the If the exponent is positive, move the
decimal to the left. Add zeros where it decimal to the right. Add zeros where it
is needed. is needed.

Example:
Exponent is positive 5.
3.8 × 105 380,000
Move the decimal 5 places to the right.

Note: To add or subtract two numbers in scientific notation, you first need to convert
them to the same power. To multiply, find the product of the numbers, then add the
exponents. To divide, find the quotient of the number and subtract the exponents.

ACTIVITIES

Dimensional analysis is used to solve problems that involve converting

between different units of measurement.

Activity 1 – Conversion of Units

Use the conversion factor given to solve the following problems. Write your answer
and complete the solution to the activity sheet provided.

1. How many inches are there in 6 meters?

1 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
39.4 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠
 2. How many liters are there in 4 gallons?
1 𝑔𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑛
3.79 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠
3. 100 kilometers is equal to how many miles?
1 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
0.624 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠
4. 1,000,000 grams is equal to how many kilograms?
1 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
0.001 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚
5. A marathon is 26.2 miles long. How many kilometers was it?
1 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒
1.61 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟

Very large numbers and very small numbers can be written in a standard
notation form or a scientific notation form.

Activity 2 – Scientific Notation

Write your answer and complete the solution to the activity sheet provided.

A. Short Response. Answer the following questions briefly.

1. How to write measurement from standard notation to scientific notation?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

2. How to write measurement from scientific notation to standard notation?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. How to add, subtract, multiply, and divide numbers in scientific notation?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

B. Solve. Express each number in either scientific notation or standard form. Write
your answer and complete the solution to the activity sheet provided.

1. 122000000 6. 1.56 ×10 8

__________________________ __________________________
2. 2856000000000 7. 2.45 ×10 1
__________________________ __________________________
3. 0.000000456 8. 9.6 ×10 -8
__________________________ __________________________
4. 14.00125 9. 2.00 x 10 -7
__________________________ __________________________
5. 125.00 10. 9.605 x 10 4
__________________________ __________________________
Activity 3 – Practice Problems

Solve the following problems and express your final answer in scientific
notation form. Write your answer and complete the solution to the activity sheet
provided.

1. The distance from planet Earth to Sun is 1.5 x 10 8 km. Find the distance in
megameter (Mm)?
2. Convert 300 seconds to hours.
3. An airplane took off from Kuala Lumpur airport at 1400 hours and arrived at
New Delhi airport at 1830 hours. Calculate the duration of the journey in
minute and second?
4. The distance from the university to home is 15 km and it usually takes 20 min
to drive this distance. Calculate the average speed in meters per second (m/s).
5. The density of iron is 7.86 g/cm3 under standard conditions. Convert this to
kg/m3.

WRAP-UP
Complete the table about
what you have learned in conversion
and scientific notation:

VALUING

The increasing need for different conversion

tools is widely used today for precise calculations.
Some of these tools can be used online such as
cooking measurement conversion and digital
image resolution conversion, which most of us
have not to notice we are doing it already by simply
editing photos in digital devices. Conversion is
also used in interpreting data to simplify its
meaning to fully understand how the flattening of
the curve of the Covid-19 cases in the Philippines.
What do you think will happen if you made
a mistake in converting measurements on the
Fig. 3: Covid-19 case from February
give samples above? 2020 to April 2020 - DOH
 POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your notebook.
1. How many years are there in one millennium?
A. 1 000 years
B. 100 years
C. 10 years
D. 365 days
2. Which of the following is the equivalent unit of 1 mile?
A. 3 feet
B. 12 feet
C. 2 640 feet
D. 5 280 feet
3. Find the sum of 6.0 x 10 2 + 6.4 x 10 3
A. 1.24 x 10 5
B. 6.7 x 10 3
C. 12.4 x 10 5
D. 67 x 10 3
4. Rank the following mass measurements from smallest to largest: 11.
6mg; 1021 µg; 0.000 006 kg; 0.31 mg.
A. 11. 6mg; 1021 µg; 0.000 006 kg; 0.31 mg
B. 0.000 006 kg; 0.31 mg ; 11. 6mg; 1021 µg
C. 1021 µg; 11. 6mg; 0.000 006 kg; 0.31 mg
D. 0.31 mg; 1021 µg; 0.000 006 kg; 11. 6mg

5. It is estimated that the sun will exhaust all of its energy in about 10 billion
years. By that time, it will have radiated about 1.2 x 10 44 J of energy.
Which expresses this amount of energy in nanojoules?
A. 1.2 x 10 53 nJ
B. 1.2 x 10 50 nJ
C. 1.2 x 10 47 nJ
D. 1.2 x 10 44 nJ
KEY TO CORRECTION
 REFERENCES

Physics a First Course Teacher Resource CD-Rom, 2005. CPO Science.

Tony Wayne. Physics Students Workbook. Creative Commons Attribution-

Noncommercial 3.0 United States License.

Physical Quantities and Units (2017). Retrieved from

http://phys.ufl.edu/courses/phy1033/fall17/Physical%20Quantities%20and%20
Units.pdf