Physical Education came from the latin words “physica” which means physics and “educatio” which

means the training of the bodily organs and powers with a view to the promotion of hearts and vigor. 

Physical Education is an integral part of the educational program designed to promote the optimum
development of an individual physically, mentally, socially, and emotionally through total body
movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities.

Physical Education is an educational process that aims to improve the performance and enhancement of
human development physically, mentally, emotionally and socially through properly selected physical
activities. Physical Education does not focus only on the development and outcomes of varied activities
but also on the development and acquisition of knowledge and attitudes necessary for lifelong learning
and lifespan participation. Moreover, it is also concerned with the promotion of active lifestyle for people
of all ages. Through active participation in the properly selected physical education activities, students
will develop good health and maintain their high level of physical fitness that enable s them to enjoy
good life.

OBJECTIVE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATON

               Physical Education as part of the educational system strives to help or facilitate the
development of the potentialities of the individual so that he can attain total fitness that enables him to
enjoy a good and useful life. It includes the acquisition and refinement of motor skills as well develops
and maintains fitness for optimal health and wellbeing.

              The objective of physical education are  focused on the acquisition of those skills through the
following aspect of development: a) physical; b) mental; c) emotional; d) social; and e) spiritual and
moral.

 A.  Physical Development

             Focus is on the acquisition and development of physical skills which can increase one’s
capability to enjoy lifetime recreational pursuits. This is attained through regular exercises and
participation in varied vigorous activities.

            Regular physical activity and good physical fitness help enhance the quality of life in many ways.
Physical fitness and exercise can help keep body fat levels in normal ranges and is responsible for muscle
development that can improve one’s perception of self.

 a.     Speed

b.      Endurance

c.      Strength

d.     Balance

e.     Power
f.       Poise /posture

g.     Flexibility

h.     Cardio vascular endurance

   B.  Mental Development

            Through physical education activities, learners acquire knowledge and  understanding of rules and
strategies of the games, sports and dance instructions. Varied avtivities in physical education help
students develop their ability to analyze body movements, skills and game situations.

 a.     Retentivity

b.     Reaction Time

c.       Problem Solving

d.     Mental Alertness

e.     Open-mindedness

 C.  Emotional Development

          Physical Education activities provide opportunities for self-expression and emotional mastery.
People who have more positive feeling about physical activities are said to have more positive balance of
feeling which increases and develops self-confidence, self-reliance and self-control. Positive character
traits like courage and discipline are most likely to become part of individual’s life.

 a.     Self-confidence

b.     Self-control

c.      Self-reliance

d.     Courage

e.     Determination

f.       Love

g.     Hate

h.     Joy 
 

D.  Social Development

        Physical activity often promotes the opportunity to be with other people. Through social experience,
many appreciate the importance of physical education activities. Through active participation, students
develop positive and desirable

  traits like cooperation, sportsmanship, friendliness, good leadership, respect for others and honesty in
group competition.

a.     Friendliness

b.     Cooperation

c.      Respect for the rights of others

d.     Good Sportsmanship

e.     Good Leader

f.       Honesty in group competition

 E.  Spiritual and Moral Development

        Physical education activities provide the development of inner self and soul. Experiencing these
activities help students discover a personal meaning purpose in life. These also lead to the appreciation of
what is good and beautiful, ( Suggestion: Read the book  “Purpose Driven Life” by Rick Warren. )

THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAM

THE PURPOSE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAM
Necessarily, physical education instructor must conduct effective, sound, good, healthy and active
programs or classroom activities which students may participate in and may attain the maximum benefits.
An effective physical education program contributes to the growth of healthy, active and disciplined
individuals who are members of the society.  

 The Physical Education Program consists basically of three major areas, namely:

 1.     Service Physical Education is usually required tom all students. The purpose of the program is to
provide instruction and develop skills, knowledge and favorable attitudes towards physical activity.

2.     Intramural Sports is the competitive phase of sports activities. Activities participated in the
intramural program should parallel as closely as possible to those offered in the service curriculum.
 3.     Extramural Sports place emphasis on instruction and competition for students with relatively high
levels of skills in sports. This program involves competition among athletes who compete with other
athletes with comparable ability.

 PURPOSES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAM

  Physical Education intends:

 1.     To involve the learner in a wide range of movements, knowledge, and skills-building experiences,

2.     To contribute to the learner’s growing value system and his/her development of responsible
attitude and behavior essential to a healthy lifestyle,

3.     To promote understanding of appreciation for the differences among people in physical activity
settings.

4.     To develop the habit of participating in physical activity as part of a health enhancing personal plan.

5.     To expand options for wise use of leisure time.

SERVICE PHYSICAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN COLLEGE

 The Service Physical Education course in college refers to the four subjects required from freshmen and
sophomores in the first four semesters as stipulated in the DECS order No.58 series 1990.

 Physical Education 1: Physical Fitness and Self Testing Activities

            It covers the essential of physical fitness components and self testing activities.

 Physical Education 2: Rhythmic Activities

            It focuses on rhythm, fundamental rhythmic activities, and dance mixers, local and foreign dances
as well as social dances.

 Physical Education 3: Individual / Dual Sports/ Games

            It deals with the acquisition of skills on recreational activities such as bowling, table tennis,
badminton, arnis and track and field events and foster the love of the country “mga laro ng lahi† are
likewise given.

 Physical Education 4: Team Sports

            It emphasizes the acquisition of the fundamentals of common team sports such as volleyball,
basketball and softball
 

MEANING OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

                    Physical Fitness is defined as a” physical state of well being that allows people to perform
daily task or activities with vigor, reduce the risk of health problems related to lack of exercise and
establishes a fitness base for participation in a variety of physical fitness” ( AAPHPERD)

                    Physical fitness refers to the ability to perform daily tasks vigorously and alertly, with energy
reserved for enjoying leisure time activities and meeting emergency demands. It is the ability to endure,
to bear up, and to withstand stress, to carry out circumstances which an unfit person could not perform.

                    Physical fitness is the major goal of physical education and is a major basis for good health
and well being.

          -         Involves the performance of the heart, lungs and muscle of the body, what we do with our
bodies also affects our mental health, Fitness influences some degree qualities such as mental alertness
and emotional stability.

As you undertake your fitness program, it is important to remember that fitness is an individual quality
that varies from person to person. It is influenced by age, sex, heredity, personal habits, exercises and
eating practices.

HEALTH BENEFITS OF FITNESS

HEALTH BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

                   Young and adults can avoid the lack of physical activity which may be considered a major
cause of health problems.

  John Abdo identified the benefits fitness

·        Increasing fitness improves energy. It is necessary to inform the students that when they adopt a
more physically active lifestyle, gradually, they will begin to feel better, and their body will tend to burn
fat faster and they will lose weight. This increased energy transfer allows the person to more productive at
work and at home. However, others may disagree because in the beginning of an exercise program, they
usually experience soreness and tiredness. Thus, they almost want to discontinue the fitness program.

 Â·        Increasing fitness helps a person think better even when stressed. Use the following information
to explain this complex process, when we stressed, our heart beats faster, we start to sweat band breathe
harder. If our body is not used to those changes, we tend to have a hard time thinking and handling the
pressure. Those who are physically active experience the same changes in their body. During active play
or mental work, the person may experience increase heart rate or irregular breathing. When a person is fit,
he is more likely to engage in more physical activities which may result to bodily changes which are
favorable to improve one’s health and to cope up with stress. A physical fit body and healthy state of
mind will assure work performance.

·        Increasing fitness improves body muscle and bones. Strong muscles and bones are necessary to
improve performance and decrease chances of injury especially to those whose work requires physical
exertion.

 Â·        Increasing fitness improves the heart and lungs. If your heart and lungs are accustomed to
physical activities. You can actively and confidently go up a flight of stairs, walk more than a mile or lift
a few heavy boxes.

·        Increasing fitness improves your looks. As mentioned previously, improving your fitness may
lead one to drop a few inches around the waist and look healthier. This may give a person more confident
to continue engaging in exercise. People who are obese tend to feel uncomfortable when exercising and
lose their motivation. Remember, every little bit helps.

TWO TYPES OF BODY MOVEMENT

SET YOUR GOALS

 At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

 Â·        Enumerate and describe the different types of body movements

·        Execute correctly the different axial and locomotor  movements

·        Make a simple exercise routine with the combination of axial and locomotor movements

·        Perform the routine enthusiastically

 Movement is any change in the position of the body in space.

 TWO TYPES OF BODY MOVEMENTS

 1.     Axial Movements – are movements done by a part or several parts of body in stationary place.

a.     Bend or Flex – to move the body or a part of  the body around a wide axis
b.     Lift/Rise – to elevate a part of the body  to a desired level

c.      Stretch, Extend, and Straighten – to lengthen a part of the body

d.     Twist – to move a body around a long axis

e.     Circle – to move a body around a point

f.       Swing – to move continuously from one point to the other

g.     Turn, Rotate – to change directions to move around an axis

 2.     Locomotor Movements – are movements that bring the performer from one place to another

 a.     Walk – is a series of steps in all directions

b.     Run – is to walk with longer strides with a push-off by the foot suspends the body   momentarily 
in the air

c.      Hop – is to spring one foot and to land on the same foot

d.     Skip – is to step and hop with the same foot in one count

e.     Leap – is to spring on one both feet and to land on the other foot

f.       Jump – is to spring on both feet and to land on one or both feet

g.     Gallop – is combined step and a cut

h.     Slide – is to glide the foot right and left along a smooth surface

DIRECTION OF MOVEMENTS

    There are different movements done in several direction

 1.       Forward    

 2.       Backward

 3.       Sideward

 4.       Upward
 5.       Downward

 6.       Diagonal or Oblique

 7.       Clockwise

 8.       Counter clockwise