For and Against Essay Writing Creative Writing Tasks 86038

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Advantages and disadvantages (How to write a for and against essay)

BEFORE WRITING:
1. Read the essay title carefully: Nowadays, many people travel by plane when they go abroad. What
are the pros and cons of this type of transport? (150-200 words).
2. Brainstorming: Write all the ideas about the topic which come into your mind (they must be
relevant to the tittle). Then, make two lists, one of advantages and one of disadvantages.

FIRST PARAGRAPH (INTRODUCTION):


1. Comment on the topic by putting it in your own words: A lot of people prefer to travel by air these days
when they go to another country.
2. Now, comment on the task and state your intention: However, air travel has both pros and drawbacks.
Let’s examine some of these here.
3. The introduction should introduce the topic by making it interesting to the reader and it should be
short.

A lot of people prefer to travel by air these days when they go to another
country. However, air travel has both pros and drawbacks. Let’s examine some
of these here.
SECOND PARAGRAPH:

1. In your second paragraph, you should write about the advantages. Start with a topic sentence: Air
travel has many advantages.
2. Next, think of supporting sentences which list the advantages of travelling by plane. Introduce each
sentence with an organizing word (connector): Firstly, To begin with, To start with, In the first place,
On the one hand / Secondly, Thirdly, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover, In addition, Also, For example,
For instance / Finally, Lastly, To finish…

Firstly, it is much faster than any other form of transport. For example,
you can fly from Madrid to Paris in two hours, whereas by car, it would take
more than 10 hours. Secondly, flying is more comfortable and less tiring
because you can sleep on a long flight. You can also watch movies or read.
Finally, it is safer. More people die in car accidents than in the air.

THIRD PARAGRAPH:
1. In this paragraph, you must write about the disadvantages. Again, start with a topic sentence,
introduced by a connector (However, Nevertheless, On the other hand …)

However, travelling by plane also has some disadvantages. To start


with, it can be quite expensive, especially if you want to travel in the
comfort of First Class or Business Class. What is more, flights are often
delayed, and this means you may have to spend a long time waiting in the
airport or miss connecting flights. Lastly, you may arrive in London while
your suitcase has gone to New York.
FINAL PARAGRAPH (CONCLUSION):
1. Here you need to:
a) sum up what you have said: To sum up, To conclude, In conclusion, To summarise, In brief, In
short…
b) use a second conditional sentence: If we didn’t have planes, travel would be very slow and
difficult (If + Past Simple + would + infinitive).
c) give your opinion about your preference: In my opinion, I think, I believe, In my view, From my
point of view…
To sum up, the airplane is a great invention, but it does have some
drawbacks. If it was cheaper, it would be better. Still, in my opinion, the
pros outweigh the cons. If we didn’t have planes, it would be very difficult
to travel to distant places.

AFTER WRITING:
Revise your text and check: grammar, spelling, punctuation, vocabulary, coherence and
cohesion, style and length.

Useful vocabulary and expressions:


- One of the advantages / disadvantages of + noun/-ing is…
- There are advantages / disadvantages to + noun/-ing…
- The main advantages / disadvantages of…
- The main problem with… is…
- Nowadays
- Actually
- As a matter of fact / In fact
- The majority of …. believe/think…
- As far as … is concerned… / Regarding … /As for ….
- Generally speaking, …
- There can be no doubt that…
- For this reason…
- As a result, / Therefore, / So,
- In other words

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