CHRIST KING ACADEMY

THERMODYNAMICS - (CHEMISTRY)
1. Select the correct match about the system.
1) Reactants in an open beaker: open system
2) Reactants in closed insulated vessel: closed system
3) Reactant in closed conducting vessel: open system
4) Reactant in closed conducting vessel: isolated system
2. Which of the following statements/expressions is/are correct?
1) U  Wadiabatic 2) Wad   ve, when work is done on the system
3) Wad  ve, when work is done on the system 4) All of the above
3. Match the following Column I with Column II and choose the correct option from the codes given
below.
Column I Column II
A. Enthalpy 1. State function
B. Heat 2. Path function
C. Temperature
D. Free energy
Codes
A B C D A B C D
1) 1 2 2 2 2) 2 2 1 1
3) 1 2 1 2 4) 1 1 2 2
4. Match the following Column I with Column II and choose the correct codes given below.
Column I Column II
A. q 1. H
B. C p  Cv 2. C T
C. qv 3. U
D. qp 4. R

Codes
A B C D A B C D
1) 1 4 3 2 2) 1 2 3 4
3) 2 4 3 1 4) 2 4 1 3
 3 
5. The gasous mixture containing 2 moles of each of two ideal gases A  Cvm  R  and
 2 

 5 
B  Cvm  R  .Find out the average molar heat capacity at constant volume.
 2 
1) 8 R 2) 3 R 3) 2 R 4) R
6. Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct?
1) Unit of  r H  is kJ mol 1 2) Enthalpy is an intensive quantity
3) When a chemical equation is reversed the value of  r H  remain same in sign
4) All of the above
7. Energies required to break the individual C-H bonds in each successive step differ
CH 4  g   CH 3  g   H  g  ;  bond H   427 kJ mol 1

CH 3  g   CH 2  g   H  g  ;  bond H   439 kJ mol 1

CH 2  g   CH  g   H  g  ;  bond H   452 kJ mol 1

CH  g   C  g   H  g  ;  bond H   347 kJ mol 1

 Therefore, CH 4  g   C  g   4 H  g  ;  a H   1665 kJ mol 1 In such cases we use
1) Bond association enthalpy of C-H bond;  C  H H   416 kJ mol 1
2) Bond dissociation enthalpy of C-H bond;  C  H H   1665 kJ mol 1
3) Mean bond enthalpy of C-H bond;  C  H H   416 kJ mol 1 4) None of the above
8. Lattice enthalpies are determined by
1) Born-Haber cycle 2) Hess’s law 3) Lattice cycle 4) None of the above
 
9. Use the following data to calculate  lattice H for NaBr.  sub H for sodium metal = 108.4 kJ mol 1
Ionisation enthalpy of sodium = 496 kJ mol 1
Electron gain enthalpy of bromine = -325 kJ mol 1
Bond dissociation enthalpy of bromine = 192 kJ mol 1
 f H  for NaBr (s) = -360.1 kJ mol 1
1) -735.5 kJ mol 1 2) +735.5 kJ mol 1 3) -735.5 J mol 1 4) +735.5 J mol 1
10. ....... is the measure of the degree of randomness or disorder in the system. Complete the blank with
an appropriate word.
1) Entropy 2) Enthalpy 3) Adiabatic 4) None of these
11. Find out the entropy change in surroundings when 1 mole of H 2 O  l  is formed under standard
 1
conditions  f H  286 kJ mol .
1) 959.7 JK 1 mol 1 2) 286 JK 1 mol 1 3) -959.7 JK 1 mol 1 4) -286 JK 1 mol 1
12. If K < 1.0 then G  will be
1) Positive 2) Negative 3) 1.0 4) Zero
13. In an isochoric process the increase in internal energy is
(1) Equal to the heat absorbed (2) Equal to the heat evolved
(3) Equal to the work done (4) none
14. For the reaction N 2  3H2  2NH3 ; H 
(1) E  RT (2) E  2RT (3) E  RT (4) E  2RT
15. During an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas its
(1) Internal energy increases (2) Enthalpy decreases
(3) Enthalpy remains unaffected (4) Enthalpy reduces to zero
16. The internal energy of a substance
(1) Increases with increase in temperature (2) Decreases with increase in temperature
(3) Can be calculated by the relation E  mc (4) Remains unaffected with change in temperature
2

17. The value of H  E for the following reaction at 27o C will be 2NH3 (g )  N 2 (g )  3H2 (g )
(1) 8.314  273  ( 2) (2) 8.314  300  ( 2) (3) 8.314  27  ( 2) (4) 8.314  300  ( 2)
18. The work done during the expansion of a gas from a volume of 4dm to 6dm3 against a constant
3

external pressure of 3atm is ( 1Latm  101.32 J )

(1) + 304 J (2) –304 J (3) – 6 J (4) –608 J
19. 9.0 gm of H2 O is vaporised at 100 C and 1 atm pressure. If the latent heat of vaporisation of water
o

is x J / gm , then S is given by
x 18x 18x 1 18x
(1) (2) (3) (4) 
373 100 373 2 373
20. The total entropy change for a system and its surroundings increases, if the process is
(1) Reversible (2) Irreversible (3) Exothermic (4) Endothermic
21. The enthalpy of neutralization is about 57.3 kJ for the pair
(1) HCl and NH 4OH (2) NH 4OH and HNO3 (3) HCl and NaOH (4) CH3COOH and NaOH
22. 2.2016 gm of acetaldehyde produced 13.95 kcal of heat on combustion in O 2 . Calculate the heat of
combustion of CH3CHO
(1) 279 kcal (2) 972 kcal (3) 27.9 kcal (4) 2.79 kcal
23. When a strong acid, strong base or their salt are dissolved in water, they are completely ionised. If
a strong acid is added to a strong base, H ions from the former combine with OH ions of the
latter forming water. The formation of each water molecule liberates a certain quantity of energy
and the reaction is exothermic. The heat liberated when one mole of water is formed by combining
hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is 13.7 kcal. The heat liberated when one mole of water is
formed by combining sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide is
(1) 25.5 kcal (2) 8.5 kcal (3) 13.7 kcal (4) 34 kcal
24. The H  H bond energy is 430 kJ mol and Cl  Cl bond energy is 240 kJ mol 1 . H for HCl is
90kJ . The H  Cl bond energy is about
(1) 180 kJmol 1 (2) 360kJ mol 1 (3) 213kJ mol 1 (4) 425kJ mol 1
25. The relation G  H  TS was given by
(1) Boltzmann (2) Faraday (3) Gibbs–Helmholtz (4) Thomson
26. The correct relationship between free energy change in a reaction and the corresponding equilibrium
constant K c is
(1) G  RT ln K c (2) G  RT ln K c (3) Go  RT ln K c (4) Go  RT ln K c
1
27. Enthalpy of solution of NaOH (solid) in water is 41.6 kJ mol . When NaOH is dissolved in water,
the temperature of water
(1) Increase (2) Decreases (3) Does not change (4) Fluctuates indefinitely
28. If for a given substance melting point is TB and freezing point is TA , then correct variation shown
by graph between entropy change and temperature is
TB
TB TA TB
S S S TB S
TA
(1) TA (2) TA (3) (4)
T T T T

29. In thermodynamics, a process is called reversible when

(1) Surroundings and system change into each other
(2) There is no boundary between system and surroundings
(3) The surroundings are always in equilibrium with the system
(4) The system changes into the surroundings spontaneously
30. For the change H2O( l )  H 2O(g ); P  1atm , T  373 K , the free energy change G  0 . This indicates
that
(1) H2O( l ) is in equilibrium with H2O(g )
(2) Water boils spontaneously at 373K
(3) Water does not boil spontaneously at 373K
(4) Condensation of water vapour occurs spontaneously at 373K

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Key & Solutins
THERMODYNAMICS
1. 1) Reactants in an open beaker is an example of open system.
In an isolated system, there is no exchange of energy and matter between the system and the
surroundings. The presence of reactants in thermos flak or any other closed insulated -vessel
is an example of an isolated system.
2. 4) The internal energy U is characteristic of the state of a system where by adiabatic work ,
Wadiabatic required to bring about a change of state is equal to difference between the value of U in
one state and that in another state U , i.e., U  U 2  U1  Wadiabatic .
The positive sign expresses that Wad is positive when work is done on the system .If the work is done
by the system , Wad will be negative.
3. (2) A  1, B  2, C  1, D  1.
Enthalpy and temperature are the state functions. Heat and free energy are the path path
functions.
4. 3) A  2, B  4, C  3, D  1
at constant volume as qv  CV T  U
at constant pressure as q p  C p T  H
For a mole of an ideal gas,
H  U    pV 

 U    RT 
H  U  RT
Put the value of H and U in equation
C p T  Cv T  RT
C p  Cv  R
C p  Cv  R

n1Cv1m2 g  n2 Cv1m2
5. 3) Average CV , N 
n1  n2

3 5
2 R  2 R
 2 2  2R
22
6. (1) The unit for  r H  is kJ mol 1 which means standard molar enthalpy change of reaction. En-

thalpy is an extensive quantity. When a chemical equation is reversed, the value of  r H  is re-
versed in sign for example
N 2  g   3H 2  g   2 NH 3  g   r H   91.8 kJ mol 1

2 NH 3  g   N 2  g   3H 2  g   r H   91.8 kJ mol 1
7. (3) The overall, thermo chemical equation for its atomisation reaction is given below
CH 4  g   C  g   4 H  g  ;  a H   1665 kJ mol 1
In methane, all the four C-H bonds are identical in bond length and energy. However, the energies
required to break the individual C-H bonds in each successive step differ.
 CH 4  g   CH 3  g   H  g  ;  bond H   427 kJ mol 1

CH 3  g   CH 2  g   H  g  ;  bond H   439 kJ mol 1

CH 2  g   CH  g   H  g  ;  bond H   452 kJ mol 1

CH  g   C  g   H  g  ;  bond H   347 kJ mol 1

Therefore,
CH 4  g   C  g   4 H  g  ;  a H   1665 kJ mol 1
In such case we use mean bond enthalpy of C-H bond. For example in CH 4 ,  C  H H  is calculated
as
1 1
C  H H  
4
  a H    1665 kJ mol 1  = 416 kJ mol 1
4
8. (1) It is impossible to determine lattice enthalpies directly by an experiment. An enthalpy diagram
called born-Haber cycle is used to determine the lattice enthalpies.
9. (2) Born- Haber cycle for the formation of NaBr is as

1 1H  360.1 kJ
 Br2  g    NaBr  s 
Na(s) 2

 sub H   108.4 kJ mol 1  diss H   192 / 2 kJ

Na(g) Br(g)
 eg H   325 kJ mol 1
IE  496 kJ mol 1

Na   g  Br   g 

-U = (Lattice enthalpy)

By applying Hess’s law,

 f H    sub H   IE   diss H    eq H   U
-360.1 = 108.4 + 496 + 96 + (-325) -U
u = +735.5 kJ mol 1
10. (1) Entropy is the measure of the degree of randomness or disorder in the system.
1
11. (1) H 2  g   O2  g   H 2O  l  ,  f H   286kJ mol 1
2
When 1 mol of H 2 O  l  is formed , 286 kJ of heat is released. This heat is absorbed by the surround-

ing, i.e., qsurr  286 kJ mol 1

qsurr 286 kJ mol 1

S   = 959.7 JK 1 mol 1
T 298 K
12. (1) G  = - RT In K
K < 1, G  = + ve
13. (1) For isochoric process V  0 so q v  E i.e. heat given to a system under constant volume is
used up in increasing E .
14. (2) H  E  nRT
Since n  2
Than H  E  2RT .
15. (3) During isothermal expansion of ideal gas, T  0
H  E  PV  E  nRT  0  0  0 .
16. (1) E increases with temperature.
17. (4) H  E  nRT
also, 2NH3(g )  N 2(g )  3H2(g )
n  2 .
18. (4) W   pV ; W  3  ( 6  4)
W  6  101.32 (1Latm  101.32 J )
W  608 J
19. (4)
20. (4) For endothermic process S increases.
21. (3) Enthalpy of formation of HCl.
13.95  44
22. (1) H 
2.2016
 278.7 kcal .

23. (3) H   OH   H 2 O, H neutralization  13.7 kcal .

1 1
24. (4) 2
H 2  Cl 2  HCl, H  90 KJ
2
1 1
 H  E H  H  ECl Cl
2 2
1 1
or  90 
2
 430   240  E HCl
2
 E H Cl  425 kJ mol 1 .
25. (3)
26. (4)
27. (1) Since process is exothermic then heat is evolved due to this temperature of water increases.
28. (1) For a pure substance TA and TB represent the same temperature. Hence A is a correct choice.
29. (3) Thermodynamics is a reversible process in which surroundings are always equilibrium with
system.
30. (1) G  0 for equilibrium.

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