International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health 2015; 1(3): 78-80

P-ISSN: 2394-1685
E-ISSN: 2394-1693
Impact Factor (ISRA): 5.38
Psychological factors affecting personality development
IJPESH 2015; 1(3): 78-80
© 2015 IJPESH
www.kheljournal.com
Dr. Amandeep Singh
Received: 28-11-2014
Accepted: 30-12-2014 Abstract
Personality is a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency
Dr. Amandeep Singh and individuality to a person's behavior. It is determined by various physical, psychological and
Assistant Professor, National environmental factors. Personality can be termed as the combination of qualities mental, physical, and
College of Physical Education, moral that sets one part from others. Having a strong personality is the key to success. This is also a key
Chupki, Samana, Punjab, India determinant of good leadership. A good personality enables one to establish self-control and self-
direction to discover the reality of freedom; of choice. A person with a positive attitude can direct his
thoughts, control his emotions and regulate his attitude. In order to have a good personality, self-
development is needed. An executive’s self is the sum total of all that he can call his own. A review of
the history of personality traits, the recent attempt of define and limit personality structure to the 'Big
Five', and the influence of these and related traits on behavior, which also details the theoretical
emphases associated with the various approaches, especially in the current century.

Keywords: Personality factors, personality traits, psycholism, extraversion, neurolism etc.

Introduction
Personality is a concept to be used to recognize stability and consistency of behavior across
different situations, uniqueness of the person and individual differences. There are
controversies among psychologist to define personalities. The word personality has been
derived from the Latin word "persona" at first this word was used for the mask wear by actors
in ancient times, to indicate to the audiences whether they played the villain’s or the hero's role
in a drama, thus the mask gave the actor his characteristics features.
Personality includes the behavior patterns a person shows across situation or the psychological
characteristics of the person that lead to those behavior patterns. Personality is the total quality
of an individual behavior as it is shown in his habit, thinks, attitudes, interest, his manner of
acting and his personal philosophy of life. It is totality of his being. It includes his physical,
mental, emotional and temperament make up and how it shows itself in behavior.
The term of personality is used by all sections of people on certain occasions during the
courses of their conversations about a person. The concerned person may be young or old,
male or female, a person of ordinary type or person of great eminence. Weather they have
known the person very well or known simply from what other say. They attribute some
characteristics to the person and admire with some pleasant words that he is an attractive,
pleasant, agreeable, dynamic, friendly, uncontroversial, person of outstanding ability and so on
it may be also stated that he have a very good personality. They are attractive or the person is
not so good looking, very forceful, not friendly, and quarrelsome. Thus the person is described
in term of some traits or characteristics. This is what we observe in the common sense world in
utilizing the concept of personality, but it does not mean that what we cannot say that the
common sense observations are totally wrong or incorrect. This is what the psychologist's state
as social attraction. Whatever it is, not with the all, which the psychologist are satisfied.

Dimension of personality
Big Five personality traits such as:
 Extraversion
Corresponding Author:
Dr. Amandeep Singh
 Agreeableness
Assistant Professor, National  Conscientiousness
College of Physical Education,  Neuroticism
Chupki, Samana, Punjab, India  Openness
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1) Extraversion generation. It is due to the genetic transfer from parents to

Extraverts enjoy being people, are full of energy, and often children. That is the skill and traits that pass from parents to
experience positive emotions. They tend to be enthusiastic, children as it is.
action-oriented, individuals who are likely to say "Yes!" or
"Let's go!" to opportunities for excitement in groups they like B) Physique
to talk, assert themselves, and draw attention to themselves. Physique of a person affected his personality that is his/her
enduring, biological makeup affects his personality. The body
2) Agreeableness types are short and stout, tall and thin; muscular and well
Agreeableness reflects individual differences in concern with proportioned the body type will be a factor of personality.
cooperation and social harmony. Agreeableness individual
values getting along with others. They are therefore C) Biological Factor
considerate, friendly, generous, helpful, and willing to The endocrine glands like thyroid, parathyroid pituitary gland,
compromise their interests with other. Agreeableness people adrenal gland etc. will affect personality of a person. This
also have an optimistic view of human nature. They believe ability enables him to mould the social environment according
people are basically honest, decent and trustworthy. to his requirements.
Disagreeable individuals place self-interest above getting
along with others. They are generally unconcerned with D) Intelligence
other's well being and therefore are unlikely to extend Persons who are very intelligent can make better adjustment
themselves for other people. Sometimes their skepticism is social environment.
about other's motives causes them to be suspicious, unfriendly
and uncooperative. 2) Environmental Factors affecting the development of
personality
3) Conscientiousness A) Family
Conscientiousness concerns the way in which we control, First and the foremost factor that influences the personality
regulates and direct our impulses. Impulses are not inherently development of a person in his family. Parent's behavior and
bad; occasionally time constraints require a snap decision and attitude, their expectations from the child, their education and
acting on our first impulse can be an effective response. Also attention to the child, influence the child's personality. The
in time of play rather than work, acting spontaneously and type of experience received from family in early childhood
impulsively can be fun. Impulsive individual can be seen by will play an important development of personality. Economic
others as colorful, fun to be with and zany. and social condition of the family will also influences a
Nonetheless acting on impulse can lead to trouble in a number child's personality.
of ways. Some impulses are antisocial. Uncontrolled
antisocial acts not only harm other members of society, but B) School
also can result in retribution toward the perpetrator of such Next social factor that affect the child's personal development
impulsive acts. Another problem with impulsive acts is that in the school. School atmosphere and discipline affects
they often produce immediate rewards but undesirable, long personality development of a child. Teacher's personality and
term consequences. Examples include excessive socializing character, peer students attitude and character all influences
that leads to being fired from one's job, hurling an insult that personality of a child's development.
causes the breakup of an important relationship, or using
pleasure inducing drugs that eventually destroy one's health. C) Early experience
One's experience is influencing the personality of a person.
4) Neuroticism Bitter experience and positive experience suffered by person
Freud originally used the term neurosis to describe a early in the stage of life is also affects personality of a person.
condition marked by mental distress, emotional suffering and
an inability to cope effectively with the normal demands of D) Success and Failures
life. He suggested that everyone shows some signs of Success and failures suffered in the also play a key role in
nevrosis, but that we differ in our degree of suffering and our developing personality of a person. It may play as a role of
specific symptoms of distress. Today neuroticism refers to the motivation and demotivation in a person's life.
tendency to experience negative feeling.
E) Cultural
5) Openness The cultural traditions, values accepted in a particular society
Openness describes a dimension of cognitive style that are the cultural environment. These factors influence
distinguishes imaginative, creative people from down to earth development of child's personality.
conventional people. Open people are intellectually curious
appreciative of art and sensitive to beauty. They tend to be F) Physical and social
compared to closed people, more aware of their feelings. Physical and social environment such as country of birth and
They tend to think and act in individualistic and living will also affects the development of a child's
nonconforming ways. Intellectuals typically score high on personality.
openness; consequently; this factor has also been called
intellect. Conclusion
In conclusion, the notion of personality traits has received
Factor affecting personality development widespread acceptance in light of the universal consistencies
1) Individual factors affecting personality shown in individuals behaviors and responsivities to
A) Heredity situational stimuli. Personality is what makes a person a
Heredity is something that passes from generation to unique person, and it is recognizable soon after birth. A
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International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health http://www.kheljournal.com

child's personality has several components: temperament,

environment, and character. Temperament is the set of
genetically determined traits that determine the child's
approach to the world and how the child learns about the
world. There are no genes that specify personality traits, but
some genes do control the development of the nervous
system, which in turn controls behavior. A second component
of personality comes from adaptive patterns related to a
child's specific environment. Most psychologists agree that
these two factors temperament and environment influence the
development of a person's personality the most.

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