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The raw EEG signal requires preprocessing like removing unnecessary frequency bands and transforming scalp potentials to cortex potentials before feature extraction. This preprocessed signal is then detected in the time or frequency domain by comparing amplitudes or using signal processing and classification algorithms. Finally, the user is able to control an application based on their brain activity detection and chooses actions, with feedback provided to the user visually. Training begins with simple exercises to familiarize the user with the mental tasks and BCI system.

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38 views2 pages

Venu Content

The raw EEG signal requires preprocessing like removing unnecessary frequency bands and transforming scalp potentials to cortex potentials before feature extraction. This preprocessed signal is then detected in the time or frequency domain by comparing amplitudes or using signal processing and classification algorithms. Finally, the user is able to control an application based on their brain activity detection and chooses actions, with feedback provided to the user visually. Training begins with simple exercises to familiarize the user with the mental tasks and BCI system.

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hello
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PREPROCESSING:

The raw EEG signal requires some preprocessing before the feature
extraction.
This preprocessing includes removing unnecessary frequency bands,
averaging the current brain activity level, transforming the measured scalp potentials to
cortex potentials and denoising. Frequency bands of the EEG :

.
Band Frequency [Hz] Amplitude [_V] Location
Alpha (_) 8-12 10 -150 Occipital/Parietal regions
µ-rhythm 9-11 varies Precentral/Postcentral regions
Beta (_) 14 -30 25 typically frontal regions
Theta (_) 4-7 varies varies
Delta (_) <3 varies varies

DETECTION:
The detection of the input from the user and them translating it into an
action could be considered as key part of any BCI system.
This detection means to try to find out these mental tasks from the EEG
signal.
It can be done in time-domain, e.g. by. comparing
amplitudes of the EEG and in frequency-domain.
This involves usually digital signal processing for sampling and band pass
filtering the signal, then calculating these time -or frequency domain features and then
classifying them.
These classification algorithms include simple comparison of amplitudes
linear and non-linear equations and artificial neural networks.
By constant feedback from user to the system and vice versa, both partners
gradually learn more from each other and improve the overall performance.

CONTROL:
The final part consists of applying the will of the user to the used application.
The user chooses an action by controlling his brain activity, which is then
detected and classified to corresponding action.
Feedback is provided to user by audio-visual means e.g. when typing with
virtual keyboard, letter appears to the message box etc.

TRAINING:
The training is the part where the user adapts to the BCI system.
This training begins with very simple exercises where the user is familiarized
with mental activity which is used to relay the information to the computer.
Motivation, frustration, fatigue, etc. apply also here and their effect should
be taken into consideration when planning the training procedures

BIO FEEDBACK:
The definition of the biofeedback is biological information which is
returned to the source that created it, so that source can understand it and have control
over it.
This biofeedback in BCI systems is usually provided by visually ,
e.g. the user sees cursor moving up or down or letter being selected from the alphabet.

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