City of Sanfernando vs. Judge Firme

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City of San Fernando La Union Vs.

Judge Firme

April 8, 1991

FACTS:

On December 16, 1965, a collision occurred involving a passenger jeep, a gravel and sand truck, and a
dump truck of the Municipality of San Fernando, La Union which was driven by Alfredo Bislig. Due to the
impact, several passengers of the jeep including Banina, Sr. died.

The heir of Banina, Sr. instituted a complaint for damages against the owner and driver of the passenger
jeep. However, the previously mentioned defendant filed a third party complaint against the petitioner
and the driver of the dump truck of the petitioner.

Thereafter, the private respondents amended the complaint wherein the petitioner and its regular
employee Alfredo Bislig were impleaded for the first time as defendants.

Petitioner filed its answer and raised affirmative defenses such as lack of cause of action, non-suability
of the state, prescription of cause of action, and the negligence of the owner and driver of the passenger
jeep as the proximate cause of the collision.

On October 10, 1979, the trial court rendered a decision for the plaintiffs, and defendants Municipality
of san Fernando, La Union and Alfredo Bislig are ordered to pay jointly and severally the plaintiffs. The
complaint against the driver and the owner of the passenger jeep was dismissed.

Petitioner filed a motion for reconsideration and for a new trial. However, respondent judge issued
another order denying the motion for reconsideration of the order for having been filed out of time.
Hence, this petition.

ISSUE: Whether the municipality is liable for the tort committed by its employee?

HELD: NO. The municipality of sanfernando is not liable under The doctrine of non-suability of the State
is expressly provided in Article XVI, Section 3 of the Constitution, to wit: "the State may not be sued
without its consent." Thus, in a case where a municipality was sought to be held liable for the damages
caused by its employee (a driver), the Supreme Court exonerated the municipality because the
employee was undertaking governmental activities.

It has already been remarked that municipal corporations are suable because their charters grant them
the competence to sue and be sued. Nevertheless, they are generally not liable for torts committed by
them in the discharge of governmental functions and can be held answerable only if it can be shown
that they were acting in a proprietary capacity.

In permitting such entities to be sued, the state merely gives the claimants the right to show the
defendant was not acting in its governmental capacity when the injury was inflicted or that the case
comes under the exceptions recognized by law. Failing this, the claimants cannot recover.

In the case at bar, the driver of the dump truck of the municipality insists that he was on his way to
Naguilan River to get a load of sand and gravel for the repair of the San Fernando municipal street.
In the absence of any evidence to the contrary, the regularity of the performance of official duty is
presumed. Hence, the driver of the dump truck was performing duties or tasks pertaining to his office.

After careful examination of existing laws and jurisprudence, we arrive at the conclusion that the
municipality cannot be held liable for the torts committed by its regular employee, who was then
engaged in the discharge of governmental functions. Hence, the death of the passenger, tragic and
deplorable though, it may be imposed on the municipality no duty to pay the monetary compensation.

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