GROUP 2

COMPONENTS OF A SPEECH

Ever wonder why we need a good structure of our speech?

- The reason behind is when our speech is well organizing it helps [a] improve clarity of
thought in a systematic way and [b] increases the likelihood that the speech will be
effective.

Audiences are unlikely to understand disorganized speeches and even less likely to think that
disorganized speakers are reliable or credible. Thus upon making our speech we must
remember nor follow the three main parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.

I. Introduction

The introduction of the speech establishes the first, crucial contact between the speaker
and the audience thus, the introduction of the speech establishes the speaker speech’s
purpose, previews their key points and tells their audience why they should listen.

Introduction may include the following:

a. Attention getter (catchy quotation, anecdote or startling statistics)

In the beginning of a speech it should grab the audience’s attention. This attention

getting devices –also known as attention getters –were designed to capture the audience’s
attention in the first sentence of your speech. You can engage your audience through
relatable and relevant content. There are 5 great way you can use this so-called attention
getters, but you can use only one of these.

The introduction- ATTENTION GETTER

1. ASK A QUESTION- The most easiest thing to use.

 Ex. “ How many of you know Ludwig
van Beethoven?”

HOW DO I USE A QUESTION DURING MY SPEECH?

well you can choose either of this four [4]

Rhetorical question— Rhetorical questions are designed to make your audience

consider your argument, and do not elicit a response.

Overt-response question— Overt-response questions are questions designed to elicit a

response from your audience.

Polls—These questions poll your audience (“raise your hand if…”).

Free-response—These questions are less commonly used, but may be appropriate for
Rhetorical question— Rhetorical questions are designed to make your audience
some contexts.

2. MAKING A REFERENCE- Refer to the specific people in the audiences, your

physical surroundings, etc.

Ex. “I think this classroom needs a little

something. Don’t you. Why don’t we try to
spice it up a little.”

3. MAKE A STARTLING STATMENT- Jolts your audience into paying attention.

[ The goal of a good startling statistic is that it surprises the audience and gets them engaged in
your topic]

For example, you could start by saying, “A Boeing 747 airliner

holds 57,285 gallons of fuel.”

4. GIVING A QUOTATIONS- a great way to start a speech, thus when you repeat the
exact words from someone else said, it gives you creditability.

Ex. “Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone

else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma – which is living
with the results of other people's thinking.”  -Steve Jobs
 5. USING A ANECDOTE- An anecdotes are short stories that illustrate the main
points of the speech. This is useful in order to make a connection with the audience,
tell a story, or help the audience visualize the main points in you speech. According to
the website of the University of Arkansas, there are 3 ways to use the anecdote.
 Personal anecdote— This story describes your personal experience with the
topic.
 Historical anecdote— This story describes a historical event.
 Hypothetical example— This device asks your audience to envision a scenario
as if it were happening to them.

b. Preview Statement- these outlines the speech’s main points or provides direction for
how you will accomplish the goal stated in the thesis statement. 

Ex. “First, I will explain what a staffing system is, and then I will lay out four arguments
for why our company should implement a staffing system. I conclude by presenting a
model system for our company to follow.”

c. Establishing speaker’s credibility - (telling the audience why you are the right person to
talk about the subject and explain how your audience can benefit from listening to your
speech).

d. Self-introduction- This is optional, introducing yourself and who you are in your
introduction allows the speaker to establish their credibility and authority to be speaking on
their given subject.

e. Thesis statement- Provide a thesis statement, a single sentence which states the main
argument or goal of your speech.
[a] Informative speeches will include a thesis statement which explains the topic to be
covered (e.g., Today, I will tell you about…).
[b] Persuasive speeches will include a thesis statement which explains the argument the
speaker intends to make (e.g., Today, I will argue that…).
f. Humor- The ability to use humor is an important skill in public speaking. Humor helps
the speaker connect with the audience and keep them engaged. But making people laugh is
not as easy as you might think. It requires years of deliberate practice to master the art of
humor in speech.
Ex. “Opening: My seven-year old nephew told me to avoid giving advice in my speech.
That is because I might be like Socrates who according to him, after walking around
and giving advice to people, he died because the same people poisoned him.”
Closing: “I’m sure after my speech you won’t poison me because, you know in your
heart that you learn something significant today.”

g. Provide a transition statement- upon providing a transition statement this will help
signals the speaker’s movement into the body of the speech.

Transition statements commonly begin with phrases such as Let’s begin by…, To get
started, let’s…, and Now that I’ve provided an overview, let’s start with…

NOTE: DO NOT start your speech by

saying. “Hi, I’m going to tell you
about…”

II. Body
-The purpose of the body is to present the main points of the speech in a logical way. Thus,
this is the centre part of the speech that discusses the main ideas and key concepts of the
speech. The body of a speech should accomplish the following things:

 Support arguments in main points with evidence from credible sources (if you are
writing a persuasive speech).
 Dedicate a balanced amount of time to each main point.
 Use transition statements to signal to the audience when you are moving from one
main point to another.
 HERE’S A SAMPLE FORMAT THAT
YOU CAN USE IN MAKING A GOOD
BODY OF A SPEECH, notice that when
moving from one main point to another it
usually uses a transition sentence. Note also
that, for a speech, you usually need between
two to five main points. If a speech has only
one point it will either be quite short, or it will
actually be too complex for the audience to
follow. If you have one long point in your
speech, you'll need to break that point apart
into multiple points. But usually, three seems
to be the magic number of points that the
audience is able to follow the best.

(https://www.write-out-loud.com/sample-
speech-outline.html, 2006)

III. CONCLUSION

-The purpose of the conclusion is to reinforce the main points covered in the body and
end the speech in a logical, meaningful way, (University of Arkansas). The conclusion of a
speech should accomplish the following things:
 Provide a transition statement which signals to the audience that the speech is
coming to an end.
 Restate the thesis. Remind the audience of your main argument or goal in the
speech.
 Briefly remind the audience of the main points of the speech.
 Offer a final appeal or clincher statement, which leaves the audience with
something to think about.
One of the Most Popular mistakes in the conclusions:
You shouldn’t start your conclusions with such words, as ‘in a summary’ or ‘in
conclusion’. They sound too unprofessional and unnatural and overused. You should
also avoid obvious matters and make your work more personalized and adjusted to the
topic.
 TIPS ON HOW TO MAKE A POWERFUL INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSION IN A SPEECH
In most speeches, people tend to remember only the introduction and the conclusion of the
speakers. With this, it is important for the speakers to make a powerful introductory and
concluding statements. In addition, make sure that your opening and closing should be
related. So, if you started your speech with a question, make sure to address that question
when you close your speech. Here are some techniques and examples cited by Barrot and
Sipacio (2018).

TECHNIQUES EXAMPLES
Opening: Think of your life as driving a car. You must always keep your
attention on the road and focus on where you are heading to. At times, you
Analogy need to look behind, but you have to keep looking ahead because life has to
go on.
Closing: Drive your care safely, so you will have a happy life.
Opening: I was 20 years old when I experienced depression. It was the
time when a series of unfortunate events occurred simultaneously. I barely
slept and eventually lost my appetite.
Anecdote
Closing: I would not have overcome my depression if not for the people
who value me. Now, I live a normal life, and it’s my chance to pay forward
what those great people did to me.
Opening: My seven-year old nephew told me to avoid giving advice in my
speech. That is because I might be like Socrates who according to him,
after walking around and giving advice to people, he died because the same
Humor people poisoned him.
Closing: I’m sure after my speech you won’t poison me because you know
in your heart that you learn something significant today.
Opening: Why are some people able to achieve things that seem
Provocative rhetorical impossible?
question Closing: So, why do some people achieve things that seem impossible?
That’s because of hard work and right attitude.
Opening: I have decided to live by Abraham Lincoln’s words: “Most
people are about as happy as they make their minds up to be.”
Quotation

Closing: Lincoln’s words are such an uplifting phrase.

Startling statistics Opening: One out of every three children in the Philippines suffers from
human trafficking.
 Closing: We can no longer afford to let more children to suffer from
human trafficking. It’s about time to put a stop to this horror.

Rhetorical questions
 can be used as an effective communication tool during a speech. These questions
provide you with a way of controlling the speech and thoughts of the audience.
 They are especially useful in engaging the audience and persuading them to agree
with you. In this article we discuss how to use rhetorical questions in a speech or
presentation.

Analogy
 An analogy is something that shows how two things are alike, but with the ultimate
goal of making a point about this comparison.

 The purpose of an analogy is not merely to show, but also to explain. For this
reason, an analogy is more complex than a simile or a metaphor, which aim only to
show without explaining.

Why use statistics in your speech?

It can be very time consuming finding the right statistic to include in your presentation.
Added to this is the possibility that an audience member questions whether the data is
reliable. However, statistics can add a range of benefits to your presentation:

 Add realism to your presentation – numbers and data are a good way to ground
your presentation and being reality to your presentation.
 Increase your credibility - using a statistic shows that you’ve done research and
are knowledgeable about the subject matter. Also, if you use a statistics from a
trusted source (e.g. the NHS), it will boost your credibility.
 Make your presentation memorable – interesting statistics will stay with your
audience long after the presentation finishes.
 Emotionally impact your audience – you can increase the emotional impact to
your audience by including relevant, usually shocking, statistics.
REFERENCES:
Barnard D. (2017). Why and How to Bring Statistics Into Your Speech. Virtual Speech.
Retrieved from: https://virtualspeech.com/blog/statistics-in-your-speech

Beqiri G. (2018). How to use Rhetorical Questions in your Speech, with Examples. Virtual Speech.
Retrieved from. https://virtualspeech.com/blog/rhetorical-questions-speech-examples

Developing the Body of a Speech: Outline & Principles. Retrieved from:

https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-body-of-the-speech.html

Literary Terms. (2015). Retrieved from https://literaryterms.net/

MasterClass staff (2021). What Is Analogy? Definition and Examples of Analogy in Literature.Master
Class.

The Attention-Getter: The First Step of an Introduction. (2015) Retrieved from :

https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/public-speaking-practice-and-ethics/s12-02-the-attention-getter-the-
first.html

The Part of Speech. Retrieved from: https://bizcomm.uark.edu/the-parts-of-a-speech/

MEMBERS:

CAYETANO, IRICA MARIE ILUSTRISIMO

CRISTALES, TRISHA DIAZ

DELLULA, ENA JERMIANE HABIDO

DESCALLAR, IVAN DWIGHT BESTES

DONES, MA. SAMANTHA

FLORES, ELLA MARIE DEMECILLO