Sounda~~

IB1 Worksheet Complex numbers 21.4.21

1. Find the values ofn such that (l + il is a real number.

} :. fa i l'OlAft FORM \~ \ • : .fi': 2
i
2 cis tr/3
( l. cis ""/~) n real nl.ll'flber Xt Oi

equ.o.hng J M -)

s,n o = o ; sin k11 • o

n -u fa : 0 n:. O OR r'iTi/3 :, ICTI n "3 K.

l f\ :: o .
I
f): 3k. Where k E. z] "-
(Total 5 marks)

2. (a) Use de Moivre's theorem to find the roots of the equation z4 = l - i.

/et w = .1 - i
POLAR FORM I wl O = -12 0 : ion (- '/,) = 1Tl/ 4-
z = (1- i) '/+ [fi 1l1/+) ] 1/t- , 'I+
= cis ( [ .fi cis ( 1 13./+ + .Hir)l

= (-ri/• cis[1/+( 711 +~1<t/+)] = ( 2

,,. ) ,;,,.
Cis
[ 1
,,
0
olC '11/iio l
• le.t k• 0 z.: 2 'I& (IS 1'/,~ ["Z.. 2 '1'1 ( cos 1Tt/a, + i sin lT/,i.) j
1 11
• le-t k-=I "L: 2'" c\'i .,_, /1b /z c 2 111 (cos 15
'/,,. t isin '5 '/,,.)}
1
let 1<=2 Z: 2 ~5 cis 23
"/,,. 2= 2 11 ' (co~ iH/". is1n 'l.1'11/")

let z =- 2 •If cis /11, j2= (cos 31ir/fl.

l'..: 3 -) 3111 11 31
2 ' + istn '/,.)]

(b) Draw these roots on an Argand diagram.

(2)
\ fl\

2 'Ir ,, rnod11h1S
, ... /,,,, • ars11mert n
 z
(c) If z1 is the root in the first quadrant and z2 is the root in the II quadrant, find -1. in
Z1

the form a+ ib .

2, : 2 o/r ( COS lT//6 + jsin h/,,.) ,, : 2 '/1 Ccos I

IS TT Ip • (4)
I SIi"\
IS"/1,)

Za. 2 ·1, cis 1s11;1, c,s ,, 'fl /1.

: :: cis ( ISli /ii. - (IS ?TJ/11,)
z, .2 1/9 CIS 1'Tt/ ,,,, c,s 1rr/,ro

Cf s ir/2 COS -rr1i -t j Slh -nji = 0 +j

[I] Q::.O; b•l

(Total 12 marks)

3. (a) Write down the expansion of (cos 0 + i sin 0)3 in the form a+ ib, where a and b
are in terms of sin 0 and cos 0.
(2)
\
( to!. e t i Sin 9)

= COS 3 8 -f Cb!,'- El S1n 0 i - 3 COS 6 sir/ f)

(b) Hence show that cos 30 = 4 cos3 0 - 3 cos 0.

(3)
(c,s e)' c,s 30 =- cos38 is,"3e
(OS 3E> -+ is,n 130 =- (cos~e - 3to!.f>S\n'~) (~cos'" 8 Sine - Sln~e) j

RE => CDS 30 =- cos~ e - 3c.os e sin '"6

3
:: (OS 3cos e ( \ - cos'-e)
"' cos 3
(} - 3c.os e+ 3c.oS 1 6

Leos 38 : t cos a 3
- 3 cos eJ
5 3
(c) Similarly show that cos 50 = 16 cos 0 - 20 cos 0 + 5 cos 0.
(cDs e • is1neJ5
3
<>
S I l • 1 4
(cos&) + s(cos!f) (is1n&)-. ID(toso) (1s11\ll) + 1o(co~8) (1s•n8) -1 s(coH>)(1s1ne)
::: cos s & 4 5cos'& -c:,11e I - 10 cos'"'v Slf\ lo - Iom• e ~1n I {J i .. ("1Sll\!})5 s
I 5 CIH (9 sin ~e • sin ei
(Ci<; 9)s : (IS 50 co'> se + ; sin s e
to~ 58 + \ ~In 50 (ct>s'e - 1Ccos 1as-,n'&, 5coses11'1'~)-+ (Scos'&s,n& IOc.os'tbn1 &
-+ s,n' 9) i
RE =) co s 58 cos~ e - IO co t' 0 sI n' f) -. 5 co s & s,n +8
CO ':. 8 - IOco1 3 8 (1-co '&) -t Scos&(I- 2tl)s•e-+ Cos'9)
-:: 5

:. co s$a \ s
lo cos & t 5cos 6
( OS 58 ;:
(d) Hence solve the equation cos 50 + cos 30 + cos 0 = 0, where 0 E [-%, i] .
iloc.os 5 e · (6)
lOcos•e -1 Scos B '!cos! e - 3cos 0 -+ cos 0 : 0
c.o-.0:
3
l(otosse - lloCoS ~ + 3cose:. 0 le1 X
5
HoX - Hoxs -1- 3x = 0 x (l&x+ - lbx 1 -t 3) =- 6
X= 0 ,os 9 • 0 e -ll/1 ; TT/2.
lb x+ • lb x 1
-+- 3 • D (4~l-1)(•h 1 -3) = 0
I \
4~ 2 - I : 0 "f /· • 3 • 0
'h1. .. 1 t-i... 3.
x .. :t'lz. x=±.fi/2
x = 'I z cl)c. & = 1/ 2
X a • 1/, c.os & ., • 1/ 2 $: l:q, .. ; • 2n/J
l< = u1z. cos e • ·IT./2. x = -fiJi cos e. -f½ B= s,;,,,: _s%

(e) By considering the solutions of the equation cos 50 = 0, show that

1t 71t
cos-= - - and state the value of cos- .
10 8 10
(8)
CO'> 56 : Ho c.os
5
e- 20cos 1 e -t 5cos$ :: 0 le. t cos l9 "' 'i
l (o x 5 - 20 x ; 5 ir = 6 X ( lb x - io/·-+ S) 0

j t()Q - J too -32()

,I.
X 2D -+ 'I- (lb)( S) i D -r 2.0 ±. J&o
2 ( lb) 31 31 -s i
8
-ls

cos e

( OS 58 • 0 let Se = 'f c.os '/ = o

'/:::. 11 /2 / 3TT/;., STI/2. 1
T<r/,, °ITl/z •. .
& "-/10 1 ~Tl/Jo 'lih_ I 11T/to "',rt/JO '"
\()t~~s \ \JCllvo ()f
I I

ro• 0
cos
..____
-
ll
\I:) r and 30 smo\lest \JQ\ue

(Total 22 marks)
ol (9 , il/ 10

co~ h
10
- j s -~ '& Co~
7
'1/10 - neeatw~ vofue bvf 3reo~e~ thnl'\
CO) ( 11 - Tl/ 1 ) : Cl'>~ h/ 111
4. Find the three cube roots of complex number Si. Give your answers in the form x + iy.
s • Bi or 'X " (,~ r') 'Ii

"5-= ai POLAR fORM /11 = : 8 &• +an·'(•/o) TT/2

J,
• 8 CIS TT/2

( 8 Ci S ( 'IT /z + ,a "II)) 'h

: 2 Ci S ( + tlcn / )

• lH K• 0 -> 2 Ci~ ·lJ/~ :, 2(cos"ll/1, + isinTJ/1,) 2 ( .J?, h. + ½. i)

• Iet k: I l ci 511/b 2 ( (OS Sll /t. -+ i Sin Sn/ 1,) = l (· fi / 2 t /1 i)
1

• let I(: 2 2.Ci'- 9rt/b 2 cis ~11 /2 2 (cos ~TJ/, + i Sin !Tl/a)
7
2(0-i)

ROO TS -: 1fl + i • - f3 t i ; - 2i )

(Total 8 marks)