Math6 q1 Mod1of8 Addition and Subtraction of Fraction v2
Math6 q1 Mod1of8 Addition and Subtraction of Fraction v2
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Addition, Subtraction and
Solving Problems involving
Fractions
Mathematics– Grade 6
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
First Edition, 2020
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Thank you.
iii
What I Need to Know
What I Know
A. Add or subtract the following fractions. Reduce your answer to lowest term if
possible.
3
1. Justine bought 8 1 meters of rope. He used 4 meters for his project. How many
2 4
meters of rope were left?
3 3 3 3
𝐴. 3 𝐵. 4 𝐶. 5 𝐷. 6
4 4 4 4
1
2
2. James painted his room during summer. He used 1 4 gallons of white paint and
3 3 gallons of blue paint. Solve for the total gallons of paints James used.
5
4
1 1 1 1
𝐴. 4 𝐵. 5 𝐶. 6 𝐷. 7
10 10 10 10
3. Eoin rode his bike for one-sixth of a kilometer on Saturday and two-sixths of a
kilometer on Sunday. How many kilometers did he ride altogether?
1 1 1 1
𝐴. 𝐵. 𝐶. 𝐷.
5 4 2 3
4 5 6 7
𝐴. 2 𝐵. 2 𝐶. 2 𝐷. 2
12 12 12 12
5. Ann added four-fifths of a bag of soil to her garden. Her neighbor Marie added
nine-sevenths bags of soil to her garden. How much more soil did Marie add than
Ann?
17 18 19 20
𝐴. 𝐵. 𝐶. 𝐷.
35 35 35 35
Lesson
Addition and Subtraction of
1 Fractions
This module explains that fractions are expressed as a division calculation,
one number divided by another. They are also commonly expressed as one number
over another.
A fraction is a part of a whole. It has two parts: numerator, on the top, and
the denominator, on the bottom, 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 . The numerator tells the number of parts
𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟
taken. The denominator tells the number of equal parts of a whole is divided.
- numerator
3
6 - denominator
2
What’s In
Let’s go over to the past lesson you have learned so you could be able to
understand better as we go along to this lesson. There are some basic terms and
rules of fractions to consider such as the following:
Similar Fractions are fractions with the same denominator, such as 𝟑 and
𝟔
𝟒. Dissimilar Fractions are fractions with different denominators, such as and
𝟑
𝟏 𝟐
𝟐.Mixed Fractions is composed of whole number and fraction, such as 𝟐 and 𝟖 .
𝟕 𝟐 𝟔
To add and subtract dissimilar fractions, you need to find the smallest number that
can be divided by the denominators. This is called the Least Common Denominator
or LCD.
To simplify a fraction, divide both the top and bottom by the Greatest Common
Factor or GCF. It is the highest number that divides exactly into two or more
numbers.
Example:
3 1
= . The numerator (3) and the denominator (12) are both divided by 3. In the same
12 4
7 1
way = .
21 3
5 1
= . Here both the numerator and the denominator are divided by 2.
10 2
Sometimes the bottom number does not divide by the top number, but they both divide
by some other number. In mathematical terms, this means that they have a common
factor.
In such cases, divide both numbers by the common factor until one or both are either
prime numbers, or they have no more common factors.
3
Example:
28 14
= = 2 . Divide first by 2 and then by 7. Hence, the greatest common factor
70 35 5
Alright! This activity will determine how much have you learned in finding the Least
Common Denominator (LCD) and Greatest Common Factor (GCF). So that you could
be able to add and subtract fractions and mixed fractions as well.
1.𝟑 and 𝟓 =
𝟕 𝟏𝟎
2. 7 and 3 =
24 48
1. 9and 21 =
2. 12 and 24 =
What’s New
Hello there! Now, that you have mastered the activity given to you for sure youwill find it
easy to go through the next episode. However, it’s a bit more of challenge when you go
deeper to the next lesson.
4
This time get ready to add and subtract fractions and even mixed fractions. You
might think that the easiest fractions to add or subtract are those with the same
denominator. You simply add or subtract the two numerators and place them over the
same denominator, right? But how about adding and subtracting fractions having
different denominators? Let’s see how you can make it.
3 2
1. 3 + 2 = 1. − =
4 4 5 5
7 5
2. − =
2. 5 + 7 = 12 36
7 8
1 5
3. 2 4 + 33= 3. 6 − 3 =
8 8
9 8
3 3
4.7 − 5 =
4. 5 + 4 6 2= 7 4
7 7
2 1
5. 4 − 2 =
5. 41 + 55 = 25 25
8 8
Hi there! Fractions look a little like division expressions, but they aren’t
problems to be solved. They are a way of expressing an amount. Like numbers,
fractions tell you how much you have of something. There are different kinds of
What is It
fractions that you need to get acquainted with and be able to deal with utmost
understanding.
Here are the different kinds of fractions and their examples. Go over it.
Similar Fractions
Similar fractions are fractions which have the same denominator. To add or
subtract similar fractions, add or subtract the numerators and copy the common
denominator. Simplify the resulting fraction, if possible.
3 1
Add the numerators and copy the denominator.
Example 1: Add +
6 6
3+1
6 Simplify the answer to its lowest term by the
4 4 ÷ 2 1 dividing the numerator and denominator by the
= = Greatest Common Factor.
6 6 ÷ 2 2
8 3
Example 2: Subtract −
15 15 Subtract the numerators and copy the denominator.
8−3
15 Simplify the answer to its lowest term by the dividing
5 5÷5 1 the numerator and denominator by the Greatest
= = Common Factor.
15 15 ÷ 5 3
5
Dissimilar Fractions
3+4
Add the numerators over the common denominator.
12
7
Answer
12
3 3
Example 2: Subtract −
5 15
5: 5,10,15, 20
15: 15, 30, 45, 60
+ Determine the LCD
15 15
9 3
− Get the equivalent fraction.
15 15
9 −3
Subtract the numerators over the common denominator.
15
6 6 ÷3
= Simplify (lowest term)
15 15÷3
2
Answer
5
Mixed Fractions
For mixed similar fractions, add or subtract the whole numbers and the
fractions. Simplify the resulting fraction if possible.
5 3
Example 1: Add 4 + 2
10 10
5 3
(4 + 2) + ( + ) Add the whole numbers and the fractions.
10 10
8 8÷2
6+ = 6 Combine and simplify.
10 10÷2
4
6 Answer
5
6
8 2
Example 2: Subtract 5 − 2
10 10
8 2
(5 − 2) + ( − ) Subtract the whole numbers and the fractions.
10 10
6 6 ÷2
3 = 3 Combine and simplify.
10 10÷2
3
3 Answer.
5
2 4
Example 3: Subtract 6 − 3
5 5
5 2 4
[5 + ( + )] − 3 Since we cannot subtract 4 from 2, regroup 1
5 5 5
5
or from 6.
5
Any fraction with the same numerator
and denominator has a value of 1. So,
5
7 4 has a value of 1.
5 − 3 5
5 5
7 4
(5 − 3) + ( − ) Subtract the whole numbers and the fractions
5 5
and combine.
3
2 Answer
5
For mixed dissimilar fractions, determine the LCD of the fraction and change
it to its equivalent fraction using the common denominator. Add or subtract the
whole numbers and the fractions. Simplify the resulting fraction if possible.
2 2
Example 1: Add 4 + 5
3 6
4+2
(4 + 5) + Add the whole numbers and then the fractions.
6
6
9 = 10 Answer
6
3 2
Example 2: Subtract 5 − 2
4 5
4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20
5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25
5 − 2 ) Determine the LCD.
20 20
15 8
5 − 2 Get the equivalent fraction.
20 20
15−8
(5 − 2) − Subtract the whole numbers and then the fractions.
20
7
3 Answer
20
7
2 5
Example 3: Subtract 6 − 4
3 7
21 14 15
[5 + ( + )] −4 Since we cannot subtract 15 from 14,
21 21 21
21
regroup 1 or from 6.
21
35 15
5 − 4
21 21
35−15
(5 − 4) − Subtract the whole numbers and then
21
fractions.
20
5 Answer
21
What’s More
Reveal the hidden word below by solving the following fractions. Write the
corresponding letter in the decoder box that matches your answer. Good luck!
8
What I Have Learned
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
It is the highest number that divides exactly into two or more numbers.
7. When adding and subtracting fractions, all answers must be express in the
if possible.
3 2
8. + is an example of _________________________ fractions.
4 4
5 3
9. + is an example of _________________________ fractions.
6 4
3 8
10. 4 + 5 is an example of _________________________ fractions.
7 9
What I Can Do
Well, understanding how fractions work, how to manipulate them, and how
to perform calculations with them are skills that are useful in a surprising number of
everyday situations. Here are some examples of fractions in everyday life:
1. Fractions are useful when measuring particularly the length of an object, for
2 1
example, in the fraction , you can use the unit fraction as the selected length
3 3
2
and then count or measure to show that it takes two reach .
3
9
2. Working out the quantities of ingredients to feed a dinner party for 10 when you
your recipe feeds 5.
Actually, you probably use fractions without even knowing it. And without
fractions, you wouldn’t be able to tell time or cook with recipes. Learn more and
apply this lesson into your own experience. Here’s you can do!
4. If you add the pizza you have eaten to Eoin plus James, what is the total
fraction of pizza that have been eaten? _____________________________________________
5. When the sum of the pizza eaten by the three persons is subtracted from the
whole of pizza, what fraction has left?
10
What’s In
In this lesson, you will use your understanding of the previous topic to solve
problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions. Using an illustration is a
great help to answer some problems.
Example # 1:
Solution
Example #2:
Mother bought three and one-third dozen apples. She served three-fourths of the
apples to Rico’s friends. How many apples remained?
Solution:
1 1 10 3 40 9 31 7
3 − = − = − = =2
3 3 3 4 12 12 12 12
7
So, there were 2 apples remained
12
11
What’s New
Here are some word-based questions which involve addition and subtraction
of fractions for you to work on. Learn about adding and subtracting word problems
as you apply your fractions skills. Let’s see how you solve the problems correctly.
Directions: Solve Problems 1 & 2 below. Be sure to simplify your result, if necessary.
From a 1-meter ribbon, Ericka cut 2meter for her hat and another 1 meter for
4 4
her bag. How long was the remaining piece?
Jepoy drove his bicycle for 1km going to his friend’s house. Then, he proceeded for
3
another 2km to his cousin. He drove another 1 km on his way home. How far did he
4 6
What is It
Getting mess of the word-based problems? Well, it’s not easy to solve word
problems. But there are as many solutions in solving problems as there many
waysin killing the cat. Of course, it is going to be easy if you follow the steps
in solving word problems. Here’s how!
12
UNDERSTAND
a. What is asked?
The length of the remaining piece of ribbon.
b. What are given?
2 meter for her hat
4
PLAN
SOLVE
a. Solve.
CHECK
13
Problem 2
Jepoy drove his bicycle for1 km going to his friend’s
house. Then, he proceeded for another 2 km to his
cousin. He drove another 1 km on his way home. How
far did he cover from his friend’s house to his house.
UNDERSTAND
a. What is asked?
2 km to his cousin
4
PLAN
1
3
2
4
1
6
First, find the Least Common Denominator of the given fraction, and then
write its equivalent fraction using the LCD. Lastly, add the fractions.
14
SOLVE
1 2 1
a. Solve. + +
3 4 6
1. Find the LCD of the fractions. The LCD of 3,4 and 2 is 12. Get the
equivalent fractions.
1 2 1 4 6 2
+ + = + +
3 4 6 12 12 12
CHECK
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
on his way
to his friend’s house to his cousin
home
15
What’s More
Do It Yourself! We would like you to engage more challenging activities for you to
improve your mathematical skills in solving word-based problems. So, keep going!
Mommy Denise measures the height of her children after 3 years as shown
in the table.
1 7
Selena 5 9
5 10
16
What I Have Learned
The best thing you can do now is to recall what you have learned about word-
based problems. Can you still remember the steps of solving word problems?
If so, let’s check if you can do it.
Matching Type: Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your answer on
the space provided before the number.
Column A Column B
17
What I Can Do
Put into Practice! Apply the steps in solving the word problem below.
Ruby makes a bookshelf. She cuts a board 11 and 21 feet long from a board that is
3 4
3
8 feet long. How much board is left?
4
UNDERSTAND
a. What is asked?
PLAN
c. What operation will you use?
SOLVE
e. Show the computation.
CHECK
Check if the answer is correct. g.
18
Assessment
A. Add and subtract the fractions below. Reduce your answer to its lowest
term.
7 5
1. + =
18 6
12 18
2. + =
32 32
4 3
3. 6 + 5 =
5 5
1 4
4. 12 − 7 =
6 6
7 1
5. 14 −5 =
10 5
2. Pat got a share of 2hectare of land from his parents while his brother, Victor,
3
got 4 hectare. How many hectares did they get from their parents?
5
1 7 7 1
𝐴. 1 𝐵. 1 𝐶. 2 𝐷. 2
15 15 15 15
3. At the party, Nana ate 1 of the cake. Hana ate 2 and Cecil ate 3 . What part of
8 5 10
the cake did the three girls eat?
33 23 13 3
𝐴. 𝐵. 𝐶. 𝐷.
40 40 40 40
2
4. Frey studied 13 hour on Tuesday, 5 hour on Wednesday and 1 hours on
4 6 6
Thursday. How long did she study in three days?
1 11 11 1
𝐴. 3 𝐵. 3 𝐶. 3 𝐷. 3
12 13 12 13
1
5. A shopkeeper received a container of salted eggs. He sold 5 dozens of eggs in
2
3
the morning and 6 dozens of eggs in the afternoon. How many dozens of eggs did
4
he sell in a day?
1 1 1 1
𝐴. 9 𝐵. 10 𝐶. 11 𝐷. 12
4 4 4 4
19
Additional Activities
A. Add or subtract the following fractions below. Reduce your answer to lowest term.
5 2 5 1
1. + = 4. 6 + =
6 6 8 6
1 2 1 5
2. 4 − 1 = 5. 9 − =
4 6 4 8
5 2
3. + =
6 6
B. Solve the following problems and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Jean had chocolate candies. She gave Pinky three-eighths of her candies. Then
she gave three-fourths of the remaining candies to Linda. How many candies
did she all give?
1 1 1 1
A. 3 B. 2 C. 1 D. 1
8 8 8 4
2. Alice bought nine and three-fourths meters of cloth. She used three and
four-fifths meters for a gown. How much cloth remained?
19 19 19 19
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
20 20 20 20
20
21
Additional Activities Assessment Lesson 2
A. A.
1 19 2 1
1. 1 4. 6 1. 1 4. 4
6 24 9 2
3 5 15 1
2. 2 5. 8 2. 5. 9
4 8 16 2
1 2
3. 18 3. 12
8 5
C. B.
6. C 1. C
7. B 2. B
8. A 3. A
9. C 4. C
10.D 5. D
Lesson 2 Lesson 2
What I know
A.
5 7
1. 4. 127
6 8
31 7
2. 7 5. 40
21 8
1
3. 5
48
B.
1. A 4. D
2. B 5. A
3. C
Answer Key
References
22
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with the
primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of this
module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This
is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments, and recommendation.